RU2440508C1 - Internal combustion engine power system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: internal combustion engine power system includes a heat exchanger on the line between alternate fuel source and batcher, and plungers of batcher are spring-loaded and installed so that they can be moved both relative to the housing and relative to each other.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of power system of internal combustion engine operating on two types of fuel by adaptation of the power system.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, and in particular to power systems for internal combustion engines of automotive vehicles operating on two fuels or their mixtures.

A known power system of an internal combustion engine comprising a fuel tank, a fuel purification filter, a low pressure fuel pump, a heat exchanger connected to a liquid cooling system of an internal combustion engine, a high pressure fuel pump, nozzle [Pat. RF 2305791, IPC F02M 31/16. Publ. 09/10/2007].

The disadvantage of the system is its low efficiency at a negative temperature of the fuel (mixture of two fuels) during the engine warm-up period.

Also known is a system for supplying liquid and gaseous fuel to a gas diesel engine, comprising a high pressure fuel pump, a two-channel nozzle, sources of diesel fuel and liquefied gas with supply lines, a diesel and gaseous fuel dispenser including a main plunger with an emphasis and an additional one [Pat. RF 2338920, F02M 43/00. Publ. November 20, 2008, prototype].

The disadvantage of the system is that it effectively works on fuels with a low viscosity (liquefied gaseous fuel), while using fuels with a high viscosity (for example, alternative based on rapeseed oil), the efficiency decreases.

The technical result of the invention is improving the efficiency of the power system of an internal combustion engine operating on two types of fuel by adapting the power system.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that, in contrast to the prototype, the power supply system of the internal combustion engine containing a high pressure fuel pump, a two-channel nozzle, diesel and alternative fuel sources with supply lines, a diesel and alternative fuel dispenser, including the main and additional plungers forming three cavities , the channel connecting the high-pressure fuel pump with the upper cavity of the dispenser is equipped with a double-acting pressure valve, the channels connecting the middle the lower and lower cavities of the dispenser with a two-channel nozzle are equipped with volumetric check valves, the middle and lower cavities are connected respectively to the alternative and diesel fuel supply lines, moreover, a heat exchanger is installed on the lines between the alternative fuel source and the dispenser, and the dispenser plungers are spring-loaded and installed with the possibility of movement both with respect to the body, and relative to each other.

Figure 1 shows the system for supplying primary and alternative fuel to the engine. Figure 2 shows the position of the metering plungers when the engine is running on diesel fuel (when the viscosity of the alternative fuel is high). Figure 3 shows the position of the metering plungers during operation of a warm engine (when the viscosities of diesel and alternative fuels are approximately the same).

The power supply system of the internal combustion engine contains (Fig. 1) a low pressure line, a diesel fuel tank 1, a booster pump 2, a filter 3 and a high pressure fuel pump section (TNVD) 5 with a plunger 4. A discharge valve is installed at the outlet of the TNVD 5 section. double-acting 6 with valves 8 and 10, springs 7 and 9 pressed against each other. A fuel tank with alternative fuel 20 is connected by a pipe through a pump 21, a filter 22 and a heat exchanger 23 with a dispenser 12. On the lines between the two-channel nozzle 24 with a cavity 26, section Injection pump 5 and a heat exchanger 23 has a dispenser 12 of diesel and alternative fuels. The dispenser 12 includes a main plunger 14 and an additional 13. The plungers 13 and 14 are held in the upper position by springs 15 and 25, respectively. The dispenser housing with plungers is formed by three cavities A, B and C, the channel 11 connecting the high-pressure fuel pump with the upper cavity A of the dispenser is equipped with a double-acting pressure valve 6, the channels connecting the middle B and lower C of the cavity of the dispenser 12 with a two-channel nozzle 24 are equipped with check valves volumetric actions 17 and 18, the middle B and lower C cavities are connected respectively to the supply lines of alternative fuel 19 and diesel fuel 16.

The system operates as follows.

When the internal combustion engine with a low temperature of fuels during the heating period, when the viscosity of alternative fuels (for example, based on rapeseed oil) is significantly higher than diesel, the booster pump 2 pumps fuel into the injection pump section 5 and into the cavity C of the metering unit 12. Plunger 4 The high-pressure fuel pump delivers a portion of diesel fuel through a double-acting discharge valve 6, while both valves 8 and 10, pressed together by springs 7 and 9, rise and pass fuel into the cavity A of the dispenser. Under pressure, the plunger 14 of the dispenser 12 moves downward (FIG. 2), compressing the spring 25, the plunger 13 is held by the spring 15 and back pressure from the side of the cavity B filled with more viscous alternative fuel, and diesel fuel from the cavity C under pressure enters the cavity 26 of the two-channel nozzle 24, tears the needle from the nozzle seat and is injected into the combustion chamber.

After the valves 17 and 10 are cut off and seated on the seats, the check valve 8 opens under pressure of the fuel in the cavity A and transfers part of the fuel to the supraplunger cavity D. This eliminates the possible spraying and the specified residual pressure in the cavity A and the high pressure line. In this case, the plungers 13 and 14 under the action of the spring 15 rise up.

When the internal combustion engine warms up, the proportion of alternative fuel supply increases as the fuel warms up and replaces diesel fuel. This is achieved by the fact that the pressure developed by the injection pump section 5 acts on the plungers 13 and 14, moving them down (Fig. 3), while, as the viscosity of the alternative fuel decreases, the stroke of the plunger 13 increases and the stroke of the plunger 14 decreases due to changes back pressure. The magnitude and duration of the injection depends on the portion of fuel supplied by the injection pump to the cavity A.

Thus, the described version of the power system allows the engine to operate on diesel and alternative fuel, provides a favorable sequence for introducing different fuels into the combustion chamber during heating, automatically adjusts the amount of fuel supplied to the engine operation mode due to the standard speed controller, which increases the efficiency operation of the internal combustion engine power system.

The power system of the internal combustion engine is used to ensure optimal viscosity properties of the fuel, improve the starting properties of the engine and can be easily implemented in mechanical engineering.

Claims (1)

An internal combustion engine power supply system comprising a high-pressure fuel pump, a two-channel injector, diesel and alternative fuel sources with supply lines, a diesel and alternative fuel dispenser comprising a main and an additional plunger forming three cavities, a channel connecting the high-pressure fuel pump to the upper cavity the dispenser is equipped with a double-acting discharge valve, the channels connecting the middle and lower cavities of the dispenser with a two-channel nozzle are equipped with return valves volumetric action apans, the middle and lower cavities are connected respectively to the alternative and diesel fuel supply lines, characterized in that a heat exchanger is installed on the line between the alternative fuel source and the dispenser, and the dispenser plungers are spring-loaded and mounted to move both relative to the housing and relative to each other friend.

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