RU2437924C1 - Vegetable oil sediment purification method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: one heats sediment from vegetable oil production up to 50-60°C, adds 1-1.5 wt % of distilled water to it, stirs it and raises the temperature up to 70-80°C. The sediment is separated into layers of semitransparent oil elements and wastes (industrial soaps, waxes, proteins and other substances). For separation the produced mixture is supplied into a separator, then the separated oil is supplied into a reactive centrifuge where one removes the remaining impurities and water at 7000-8000 rpm.

EFFECT: invention allows to simplify the method for purification of vegetable oil sediment, enhance quality of oil sediment purification due to complete removal of contamination products and water.

1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to a technology for processing vegetable oil sludge for technical use in the production of lubricants.

A known method of purification of vegetable oil (RU 2155797, 2000, С11В 3/16), which consists in the fact that in the first stage, vegetable oil obtained in mini-shops equipped with screw oil presses is cleaned of large mechanical impurities by filtering through a perforated surface with holes with a size of 0.3-1.5 mm and the resulting precipitate, and in the second stage, vegetable oil is purified from silt inclusions by sedimentation, sedimentation while filtering under pressure of compressed gas, filtering with cleaning s, and as a filter element used Extruded precipitate obtained during primary cleaning-filtering.

The closest known method to the claimed one is a method for purification of waste vegetable oil (RU 2039796, 1995, С11В 5/00), which consists in the fact that waste waste oil is heated to 35-50 ° C, neutralized with an alkali solution, kept under stirring for 10- 30 min with a decrease in temperature to 20 ° C, stand for 1.5-2.5 hours and decanted to separate liquid technical soap, again heated to a temperature of 80-90 ° C, separated at this temperature with fresh water, normalized and cooled.

The disadvantages of this method include the complexity of the multi-stage process and the insufficiently high quality of the resulting product due to the high content of waxes, traces of water, paraffins and other products that affect the basic performance characteristics of vegetable oil when used for technical purposes as a lubricant.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the cleaning method and improve the quality of the technical product obtained from sludge vegetable oil.

This goal is achieved in that the sludge from the production of vegetable oil is heated to 50-60 ° C, add 1-1.5% wt. water, mix and raise the temperature to 70-80 ° C. At this temperature, separation of the sludge occurs (due to the different solubility of the components in oil and water) into translucent oil and waste elements consisting of technical soaps, waxes, proteins, etc. The resulting mixture is sent to a separator for separation. From the separator, the oil is sent to a jet centrifuge, where at 7000-8000 rpm the remaining impurities and water are removed.

The essence of the technical implementation of the proposed cleaning method is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a diagram of the installation for cleaning sludge of vegetable oil.

Sludge from the production of vegetable oil is heated in a tank 1 to a temperature of 50-60 ° C, 1-1.5% wt. water, after which everything is mixed and heated to a temperature of 70-80 ° C. The resulting mixture of translucent oil and waste is sent to a separator 2, where the waste in the form of technical soaps, waxes, proteins and other substances are separated, and partially refined oil is sent to a container 3, where the temperature is maintained at 70-80 ° C. Then the pump 4 is turned on, which supplies the oil to the oil centrifuge 5, and at 7000-8000 rpm the centrifuge rotor rotates (RU 2040980, 1993, B04B 1/00, 11/02), the remaining impurities and traces of water are removed. The purified oil at the exit of the centrifuge rotor is drained back to the tank 3. The duration of the centrifuge is 20-30 minutes. After that, the purified oil is decanted into a container 6 by a pump 4 to collect clean oil.

The table shows the results of a comparative characteristic of cleaning sludge of vegetable, for example rapeseed, oil in a known and proposed way.

Table The results of the comparative cleaning of sludge of rapeseed oil in a known and proposed way Indicators Known method The proposed method Physico-chemical parameters of rapeseed oil sludge before cleaning Kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C, mm ² / s 8.17 8.17 Acid number, mg KOH / g 3.2 3.2 Pour point, ° C -twenty -twenty The content of the fur. impurities,% 2.1 2.1 Water content,% 0.06 0.06 Color, units CNT 3 3 Number of operations eleven 6 (Heating, neutralization, holding, mixing, temperature reduction, settling, decantation, heating, separation, normalization, cooling) (Heating, adding water, mixing, heating, separation, centrifugation) The time spent on cleaning, hour 3 1,5 Physico-chemical characteristics of the purified sludge of rapeseed oil Kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C, mm ² / s 7.93 7.87 Acid number, mg KOH / g 2.93 2.64 Pour point, ° C -24 -thirty The content of the fur. impurities,% 0.11 0.05 Water content,% Traces Lack of Color, units CNT 2.5 2

Using the proposed method for cleaning sludge of vegetable oil provides the following advantages compared to the known method of cleaning: no need to use expensive chemicals; reduced cleaning time; improving the quality of oil sludge cleaning due to a more complete removal of pollution products and water.

Claims (1)

A method for cleaning sludge of vegetable oil by mixing it with water, followed by heating and separation of the components on a separator, characterized in that the sludge is heated to 50-60 ° C, add water 1-1.5% by weight, mix and raise the temperature to 70- 80 ° C, after which they are separated first in a separator and then in a centrifuge.