RU2433972C1 - Composition for making porous aggregate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: ceramic mixture for making porous aggregate contains the following in wt %: liquid glass 45-65, sodium chloride 5-15, solid oil-containing wastes from separation of oil sludge which contains 80.2% heavy oil 15-20, montmorillonite clay 15-20.

EFFECT: high splitting tensile strength of the porous aggregate, recycling industrial wastes, environmental protection, widening the raw material base of ceramic materials.

1 cl, 4 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to porous aggregates for concrete.

A known composition for the production of porous aggregate of the following composition, wt.%: Water glass with a density of 1.45-1.53 g / cm ³ - 100, sodium chloride 4.5-50 in excess of 100% (RF patent No. 2211196, IPC С04В 14 / 24, 38 // 00. Composition for the production of porous aggregate./ Zhigulina A.Yu., Mizyuryaev S.A .; publ. 27.0803, BI No. 24).

The disadvantage of this composition of the ceramic mass is the relatively low strength of 0.07-0.65 MPa.

Closest to the invention is a composition for the production of porous aggregate, comprising the following components, wt.%: Water glass with a density of 1.45-1.53 g / cm ³ - 45-65, sodium chloride - 5-15, montmorillonite clay - 15- 20, the waste of a mining and processing factory in the enrichment of coal with the content of p.p. (loss upon ignition) 15-18% - 15-20 (RF patent No. 2362749, IPC С04В 14/24. Composition for the production of porous aggregate. / Denisov D.Yu., Kovkov IV, Abdrakhimov V.Z., Zhuravel L.V .; published on July 27, 2009, BI No. 21).

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low splitting strength (1.3-1.45).

This technical solution was made by the authors as a prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the strength when splitting a porous aggregate.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known ceramic mass, including water glass, sodium chloride and montmorillonite clay, solid oil-containing waste of oil sludge separation is additionally introduced in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

liquid glass 45-65 sodium chloride 5-15 solid oily sludge separation waste 15-20 montmorillonite clay 15-20

Solid oil-containing oil sludge separation waste is generated during production processes such as oil refining, production and transportation. The main physicomechanical characteristics of the solid oily waste of oil sludge separation are presented in table 1, and the chemical composition in table 2.

Table 1 Physico-mechanical characteristics of the oil cake No. p / p Options unit of measurement amount one Humidity wt.% 10.0-25.0 2 Solids content wt.% 59.0-72.0 3 Oil content wt.% 9.0-19.0 four Average density g / cm ³ 1.55-1.68 5 Bulk density kg / m ³ 1100 6 True density kg / m ³ 4300 7 Specific surface area cm ² / g 4900

table 2 The composition of the oil portion of the cake No. p / p Name of substances Content in wt.% one Resins 5.3 2 Asphaltenes 5.3 3 Paraffins 9.2 four Heavy oils 80.2

Solid oil-containing waste oil sludge separation was used to reduce the temperature of the roasting of the aggregate, as a burnable and intumescent additives.

It is known that the main condition for expanding the composition when it is heated is the combination of the pyroplastic state of the composition with intense gas evolution inside the material to be fired over time. The pyroplastic state of the composition will be ensured by liquid glass and montmorillonite clay, and gas evolution will be provided by solid oily waste of oil sludge separation.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. Compositions (table 3) for the production of porous aggregate were prepared by grinding clay and solid oil-containing oil sludge separation waste before passing through a No. 1, 2 sieve, after which all components were thoroughly mixed, which led to the dissolution of sodium chloride. Sodium ions lower the silicate modulus of the mixture, and chlorine ions, acting as a strong oxidizing agent, contribute to the coagulation of the mixture. Lowering the silicate module, leading to a decrease in the number of siloxane bonds, facilitates the transition of alkali metal ions into solution and the movement of water molecules into montmorillonite clay, which leads to coagulation of the mixture. Coagulation of the mixture leads to an increase in viscosity, which makes it possible to form granules of any size.

Table 3 The compositions for the production of porous aggregate Components The content of components, wt.% one 2 3 Liquid glass 65 55 45 Sodium chloride 5 10 fifteen Solid oily sludge separation waste fifteen 17 twenty Beidellite clay fifteen eighteen twenty

Granules were prepared from the obtained composition, which were subjected to heat treatment in the temperature range 950-1000 ° C.

During the heat treatment of granules in the temperature range 100-400 ° C, water containing silicate is released, which begins to swell the coagulated mass. In the temperature range of 700-900 ° C, chemically bound water (dehydration) is released from montmorillonite, a liquid phase appears due to the increased alkali content and organic impurities burn out, which leads to the onset of expansion. Expansion ends in the temperature range 950-1000 ° C. Table 4 presents the physical and mechanical properties of the porous aggregate.

Table 4 Physico-mechanical properties of the porous aggregate Indicators Compositions Prototype one 2 3 Splitting strength 2.61 2.67 2.72 1.3-1.45

As can be seen from table 4, the porous aggregates of the proposed compositions have a higher splitting strength than the prototype.

The resulting technical solution when using solid oily waste separation of oil sludge can increase the strength when splitting the porous aggregate.

The use of industrial raw materials in the production of porous aggregate contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection, and the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic materials.

Claims (1)

Ceramic mass for the manufacture of porous aggregate, including water glass, sodium chloride and montmorillonite clay, characterized in that it further comprises a solid oil-containing oil sludge separation waste that contains 80.2% heavy oils, in the following ratio, wt.%:
liquid glass 45-65 sodium chloride 5-15 solid oily sludge separation waste, which contains 80.2% heavy oils 15-20 montmorillonite clay 15-20