RU2440312C1 - Composition for producing porous aggregate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: composition contains the following in wt %: which is achieved by adding to the ceramic mass inter-slate clay formed when mining for shale oil which contains liquid glass, sodium chloride and wastes from ore mining and processing factories during coal beneficiation, with the following ratio of components in wt %: liquid glass 45-65, sodium chloride 5-15, and wastes from ore mining and processing factories during coal beneficiation 15-20, inter-slate clay formed when mining for shale oil, containing the following (wt %): SiO₂ - 41-45; Al₂O₃ - 10-12; Fe₂O₃ - 3-4; CaO - 11-13.5; MgO - 2-3; R₂O - 3-4; other impurities - 19-20 - 15-20.

EFFECT: high splitting tensile strength of the porous aggregate.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to porous aggregates for concrete.

A known composition for the production of porous aggregate of the following composition, wt.%: Water glass with a density of 1.45-1.53 g / cm ³ - 100, sodium chloride 4.5-50 in excess of 100% / pat. Russian Federation 2211196, IPC С04В 14/24, 38 // 00. Composition for the production of porous aggregate. / Zhigulina A.Yu., Mizyuryaev S.A .; Applicant and patent holder Samar. state architectural building. Acad. - No.2000127623; declared November 2, 2006; publ. 27.0803, Bull. No. 24 / [1].

The disadvantage of this composition of the ceramic mass is the relatively low strength of 0.07-0.65 MPa.

Closest to the invention is a composition for the production of porous aggregate, comprising the following components, wt.%: Water glass with a density of 1.45-1.53 g / cm ³ -45-65, sodium chloride - 5-15, montmorillonite clay - 15- 20, the waste of the mining and processing factory in the enrichment of coal with the content of pp (loss on ignition) 15-18% -15-20 / pat. Russian Federation 2362749, IPC С04В 14/24. Composition for the production of porous aggregate. / Denisov D.Yu., Kovkov I.V., Abdrakhimov V.Z., Zhuravel L.V .; Applicant and patent holder Samar. State University; Declared December 3, 2007; publ. July 27, 2009, Bull. No. 21 [2].

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low splitting strength (1.3-1.45). Adopted for the prototype.

The essence of the invention is an increase in splitting strength.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the strength when splitting a porous aggregate.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known ceramic mass, including water glass, sodium chloride and the waste of the mining and processing factory when enriching coal, an additional shale clay is formed, which is formed during the production of oil shale in the following ratio, wt.%:

liquid glass 45-65 sodium chloride 5-15 mining and processing factory waste during coal preparation 15-20 inter-shale clay resulting from the production of oil shale 15-20

Inter-shale clay is formed during the production of oil shale in oil shale refineries (in a mine). By the number of plasticity, the inter-shale clay belongs to a highly plastic clay raw material (plasticity number 27-32) with a true density of 2.55-2.62 g / cm ³ . The clay mineral in the inter-shale clay is mainly represented by montmorillonite with an admixture of hydromica, therefore, it may well replace montmorillonite clay in the production of porous aggregate.

The chemical composition of the inter-shale clay is represented by the following oxides, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 41-45; Al ₂ O ₃ - 10-12; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 3-4; CaO - 11-13.5; MgO - 2-3; R ₂ O (R ₂ O = Na ₂ O + K ₂ O) - 3-4; p.p.p. - 19-20.

Inter-shale clay was used as a plasticizing additive and as a partially burn-out and intumescent additive (pp - 19-20%).

It is known that the main condition for expanding the composition when it is heated is the combination of the pyroplastic state of the composition with intense gas evolution inside the material to be fired over time. The pyroplastic state of the composition will be ensured by liquid glass and montmorillonite inter-shale clay, and gas evolution is the waste from a mining and processing plant during coal enrichment and partially inter-shale clay.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. Compositions (table 1) for the production of porous aggregate were prepared by grinding clay and solid oily waste oil separation sludge before passing through a sieve No. 1, 2, after which all components were thoroughly mixed, which leads to the dissolution of sodium chloride. Sodium ions lower the silicate modulus of the mixture, and chlorine ions, acting as a strong oxidizing agent, contribute to the coagulation of the mixture. Lowering the silicate module, leading to a decrease in the number of siloxane bonds, facilitates the transition of alkali metal ions into solution and the movement of water molecules into montmorillonite clay, which leads to coagulation of the mixture. Coagulation of the mixture leads to an increase in viscosity, which makes it possible to form granules of any size.

Table 1 The compositions for the production of porous aggregate Components The content of components, wt.% one 2 3 Liquid glass 65 55 45 Sodium chloride 5 10 fifteen GOF Waste fifteen 17 twenty Inter-shale clay produced by the production of oil shale fifteen eighteen twenty

Granules were prepared from the obtained composition, which were subjected to heat treatment in the temperature range 950-1000ºС.

During the heat treatment of granules in the temperature range 100-400 ° C, water containing silicate is released, which begins to swell the coagulated mass. In a temperature range of 700-900 ° C, chemically bound water (dehydration) is released from montmorillonite, a liquid phase appears due to the increased alkali content, and organic impurities burn out, which leads to the onset of expansion. Expansion ends in the temperature range 950-1000ºС. Table 2 presents the physical and mechanical properties of the porous aggregate.

table 2 Physico-mechanical properties of the porous aggregate Indicators Compositions Prototype one 2 3 Splitting strength, MPa 2.65 2.69 2.75 1.3-1.45 The average density in a piece, g / cm ³ 0.5 0.56 0.62 - Bulk density, kg / m ³ 420 455 495 -

As can be seen from table 2, the porous aggregates of the proposed compositions have a higher splitting strength than the prototype.

The resulting technical solution when using inter-shale clay formed during the production of oil shale, allows to increase the strength when cracking a porous aggregate.

The use of industrial raw materials in the production of porous aggregate contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection, and the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic materials.

Claims (1)

Composition for the production of porous aggregate, including water glass, sodium chloride and waste from a mining and processing plant during coal processing, characterized in that it additionally contains inter-shale clay formed during the production of oil shale, containing, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 41-45 ; Al ₂ O ₃ - 10-12; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 3-4; CaO - 11-13.5; MgO - 2-3; R ₂ O is 3-4; p.p.p. - 19-20, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
liquid glass 45-65 sodium chloride 5-15 mining and processing factory waste during coal preparation 15-20 inter-shale clay resulting from the production of oil shale 15-20