RU2614339C1 - Composition for manufacture of expanded aggregate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of construction materials, specifically to production of water glass-based expanded aggregates, intended for manufacture of lightweight concrete, and fill insulation materials. Composition for manufacture of the expanded aggregate comprises as follows, wt %: sodium water glass with a density of 1.41 g/cm³ 50-75, sodium chloride, ground to a particle size below 0.3 mm 1-3, burnt rock, ground to a particle size below 0.14 mm 12-34, drill cuttings, ground to a particle size below 0.14 mm, and oxides, wt %: SiO₂ - 26.2; Al₂O₃ - 4.5; Fe₂O₃ - 5.6; CaO - 28.3; MgO - 1.2; R₂O - 0.8; ignition loss - 33.4, 10-15.

EFFECT: composition for manufacture of expanded aggregates, with improved compression strength and softening temperature, industrial waste recycling.

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Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials, in particular the production of porous aggregates based on liquid glass, intended for the manufacture of lightweight concrete, as well as heat-insulating fillings.

A known composition for producing expanded clay (porous aggregate) composition, wt. %: coal flotation waste - 60, modified liquid glass - 40 / Denisov D.Yu. The use of coal flotation waste in the production of expanded clay / D.Yu. Denisov, I.V. Kovkov, V.Z. Abdrakhimov // Bashkir Chemical Journal. - 2008. - Volume 15. - No. 2. - S. 107-109 /.

The disadvantage of this composition of the ceramic mass is the relatively low strength of 1.7-1.9 MPa.

A known composition for producing a waterproof porous filler composition wt. %: sodium liquid glass - 50-70, sodium chloride - 1-3, burned rocks with a clay content of ke less than 50% and loss on ignition not less than 16% - 22-49 / Patent No. 2481286, Russian Federation, IPC С04В 14 / 24. Composition for the production of waterproof porous aggregate / Abdrakhimov V.Z., Semenychev V.K., Abdrakhimova E.S., Vdovina E.V .; applicant and patent holder Samara Academy of State and Municipal Administration; claimed 06/29/2011; publ. 05/10/2013. Bull. No. 13.

The disadvantages of this composition are relatively low compressive strength (2.0-2.12 MPa) and softening coefficient (93-94).

This technical solution is taken as a prototype.

The technical result is to increase the compressive strength and softening coefficient of the porous aggregate.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the composition for obtaining a waterproof porous aggregate, including sodium liquid glass with a density of 1.41 g / cm ³ , sodium chloride, ground to a size of less than 0.3 mm, and burned rocks, ground before passing through a sieve 0 , 14 mm, an additional drill cuttings are added, crushed to pass through a sieve of 0.14 with the content of oxides, wt. %: SiO ₂ - 26.2; Al ₂ O ₃ - 4.5; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 5.6; CaO - 28.3; MgO - 1.2; R ₂ O - 0.8; p.p. p. - 33.4 in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

sodium liquid glass with a density of 1.41 g / cm ³ 50-75 sodium chloride, ground to a size of less than 0.3 mm 1-3 burned rocks 12-34 drill cuttings 10-15

Drill cuttings - an aqueous suspension, the solid part of which consists of the products of the destruction of the rocks of the face and the walls of the well, the products of the abrasion of the drill and casing pipes, clay minerals (when washing with mud).

Drill cuttings - that part of the suspension, which is caught by a slurry pipe during core drilling. Core drilling is a type of high-speed drilling, in which the destruction of the rock occurs along the ring, and not along the entire face area. The inner part of the rock in the form of a core is preserved. The chemical composition of drill cuttings is presented in table 1.

Drill cuttings consist of drill cuttings, mainly clay, sand, limestone, iron oxide (pipe corrosion products), small amounts of aluminum compounds, alkali oxides, other rocks found in a particular area, hardened petroleum products, drill string abrasion products and casing pipes. Along with clay particles, light oil fractions are emulsified in the “near-surface” area.

Burned rocks formed after spontaneous combustion of oil shale were used as a finely ground filler to obtain a water-resistant porous filler. Burned rocks form in the shale mining areas. Slate, which could not be separated from the waste in the mining process, is sent to the dump. In heaps with joint storage of waste rocks and shales due to the increased amount of organic compounds in the mixed waste masses, spontaneous combustion occurs, which leads to the formation of a large amount of waste - burnt rocks. Burned rocks are a product of low-temperature firing during spontaneous combustion of the rock (a mixture of clay and shale) in heaps in an oxidizing environment. The amount of burnt rocks in the heaps ranges from 75 to 90% of the dump volume. The chemical composition of the burned rocks of the Samara region (Syzran), formed after spontaneous combustion of oil shale, is presented in table 1.

Burned rocks, unlike clay components, although they contain more than 50% clay minerals, do not have plasticity and binding ability.

1) Commodity sodium liquid glass with a density of 1.41 g / cm ^{3 was} used as liquid glass (binder) (see GOST 13075-81).

2) Sodium chloride (GOST 13830-97, manufactured by Bassol OJSC), milled to a size of less than 0.3 mm, was used as a coagulator additive.

3) As finely ground components - burned rocks and drill cuttings, ground before passing through a sieve of 0.14 mm

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

Compositions (table 2) for the production of porous aggregate was prepared by thoroughly mixing all the components, similar to the technology presented in the prototype. The mixture was produced in a forced action mixer in the following order. First, finely ground components and sodium chloride were loaded into the mixer, which were thoroughly mixed, then sodium glass was poured into the finished dry mixture with the mixer turned on. Mixing was carried out until a homogeneous mass, but not less than 5 minutes.

The resulting mixture by a system of knives was cut into individual granules, which were heat treated at 250-300 ° C in an oven granulator, swelling at the same time and forming spherical highly porous granules. The obtained granules were placed in an electric furnace, heated to a temperature of 790 ° C, and kept there for 10 minutes. After isothermal exposure, the granules were cooled at a cooling rate of 40 ° C / min. Physico-mechanical properties of the porous aggregate are presented in table 3.

As can be seen from table 3, the porous aggregates of the proposed compositions have higher compressive strength and softening coefficient than the prototype.

The technical solution when using drill cuttings in the proposed compositions allows to increase the compressive strength and softening coefficient of the porous aggregate.

The use of technogenic raw materials in the production of porous aggregate contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection, the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic materials.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Denisov D.Yu. The use of coal flotation waste in the production of expanded clay / D.Yu. Denisov, I.V. Kovkov, V.Z. Abdrakhimov // Bashkir Chemical Journal. - 2008. - Volume 15. - No. 2. - S. 107-109.

2. Patent No. 2481286, Russian Federation, IPC С04В 14/24. Composition for the production of waterproof porous aggregate / Abdrakhimov V.Z., Semenychev V.K., Abdrakhimova E.S., Vdovina E.V .; applicant and patent holder Samara Academy of State and Municipal Administration; claimed 06/29/2011; publ. 05/10/2013. Bull. No. 13.

Claims (2)

Composition for the production of porous aggregate, including sodium liquid glass with a density of 1.41 g / cm ³ , sodium chloride, ground to a size of less than 0.3 mm, and burnt rocks, ground before passing through a sieve of 0.14 mm, further comprises drill cuttings, ground before passing through a sieve of 0.14 mm and with an oxide content, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 26.2; Al ₂ O ₃ - 4.5; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 5.6; CaO - 28.3; MgO - 1.2; R ₂ O - 0.8; p.p.p. - 33.4 in the following ratio of components, wt.%: sodium liquid glass with a density of 1.41 g / cm ³ 50-75 sodium chloride, ground to a size of less than 0.3 mm 1-3 burned rocks 12-34 drill cuttings 10-15