RU2412970C2 - Composite material with dielectric base and electroconductive protective-decorative coating and article made from said material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to composite materials and articles made therefrom, having an electroconductive protective-decorative coating on a dielectric base, which can be used in different industries. The invention discloses a composite material with a dielectric base and a protective-decorative coating. The electroconductive protective-decorative coating is obtained from a composition containing 100-120 pts. wt mixture of epoxy resins E-40 and E-05 in weight ratio of 90-86:10-14 or Epikot 223 and Epikot 401 in weight ratio of 87-83:13-17, 21-26 pts. wt of a polyamide hardener, 28-37 pts. wt of finely dispersed aluminium powder and 64-78 pts. wt mixture of organic solvents - toluene, butanol and butylacetate or a mixture of xylene, isopropyl alcohol and ethyl acetate in weight ratio of 22:40:38.

EFFECT: invention enables to obtain a protective-decorative coating with high resistance to the environment and flexural and twisting strength of the material and resistance to mechanical forces; the coating has good aesthetic characteristics of the surface and enables quality painting and repainting with powder paints via electrostatic deposition.

31 cl, 5 tbl, 6 ex

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to the production of composite materials and products with an electrically conductive protective and decorative coating of a dielectric base, which can be used in various industries, in particular for the production of composite materials and products with a dielectric base such as fiberboard (MDF), such as MDF, OSB, plywood, hardboard, chipboards, wood, ceramics, glass, brick, asbestos cement, concrete, etc.

BACKGROUND

Known composition used as glue or for the manufacture of castings, comprising a liquid epoxy resin, a hardener and a filler - coal, graphite, silica, silica flour, etc. [one].

The known composition of the epoxy putty for sealing deep ulcers of cast iron castings composition, parts by weight ED-16-100, hexamethylenediamine 20, iron or iron powder 400 [2].

Known protective composition for protecting metal surfaces during cyclic changes in temperature in an alkaline environment and reducing permeability, including epoxy Dianova resin, amine hardener and cast iron powder, as an epoxy Dianova resin contains epoxy Dianova resin containing 18-23% of the epoxy groups ED-20, in as an amine hardener, polyethylene polyamine, and as a cast iron powder, high alloyed with nickel and copper, cast iron powder of a fraction of 20-63 microns, heat-treated in argon at a temperature ur 250-300 ° C for 40-45 min with the following ratio of components, parts by weight: epoxy resin 100-120, polyethylene polyamine 15-18, cast iron powder 400-500 [3].

These coating compositions usually require subsequent painting with traditional liquid paints or more economical and environmentally friendly and increasingly widely used powder paints.

Powder coatings are usually applied electrostatically to electrically conductive metal substrates. The deposition of powder coating on electrically conductive materials is provided by electrostatic forces. The powder is charged under the action of friction (triboelectric charge) or corona discharge. Then the charged powder is sprayed onto a grounded base.

The electrostatic charge on the particles of the powder coating allows you to apply a uniform powder layer to the substrate, and also causes temporary adhesion of the powder to the surface of the substrate. The strength of this adhesion is sufficient to allow the transport of coated products from the area where the powder was applied to the curing furnace, in which the powder melts and forms a continuous film on the basis.

For the successful application of powder coatings, the conductivity of the substrate is of fundamental importance.

The use of powder coatings for coating non-metallic substrates with dielectric properties is advantageous from the point of view of environmental protection, since it allows one to reduce the emission of volatile organic compounds and coating wastes during painting. However, it is much more difficult to apply a powder coating to non-conductive substrates than to metallic substrates, since the surface conductivity of most non-metallic materials, such as wood composite materials (based on OSB, plywood, hardboard, fiberboard, chipboard) is insufficient for effective grounding of the substrate. Therefore, electrostatic attraction does not help the deposition of paint powder on these dielectric substrates, which leads to uneven deposition of the powder and poor adhesion of the powder to the substrate before curing the applied powder coating of the paint. The quality of the coating is unsatisfactory both on the front surfaces of the materials to be painted and on the edges.

A known method of increasing the electrical conductivity of the surface of a fiberboard of the MDF type by microwave radiation (microwave heating) before applying a powder coating [19533858 DE-A]. Microwave heating causes a temporary increase in moisture content on the surface of the MDF, which reduces surface resistivity. However, microwave heating of large objects, such as MDF boards, is uneconomical and, in addition, uniform microwave heating of large objects is difficult to practically implement.

A known method of spraying on the surface of non-metallic bases of water before applying a powder coating in order to increase surface conductivity. The disadvantage of this solution is that during the melting / curing process, water vapor forms under the powder film, which leads to porosity of the coating, poor adhesion of the paint powder to the substrate and the formation of bubbles under the paint layer.

A known method of pretreatment by exposing dry heat to a non-conductive base such as wood composite materials or natural wood, followed by applying the powder to a hot surface. For example, EP-A933140 describes the use of infrared radiation for preheating a stove. After that, a powder is applied to a plate having a certain surface temperature (for example, 55 ° C). The disadvantage of this method is that due to heat loss, the edges of the plates often do not have sufficient coverage.

To increase the electrical conductivity of the surface, a conductive, usually water-soluble soil is also applied to the substrate, which increases the surface conductivity and improves the quality of powder paint, in particular, according to the patent WO / 2006/129173, a water-alcohol solution of ammonium salt and sodium chloride, crude sea salt or hyposulfite is used sodium, according to US patents 20060084706, 20030180551, 7015280 use an emulsion based on an emulsified solution of organofunctional silanes, according to patent GB1524531 use coatings based on plasticized a bioprotective composition for wood, water-repellent wax, and the polar liquid solvents, the US patent 7090897 introducing conductive material based kokoalkilamina with the solvent in a lignocellulosic substrate, for example, MDF.

Known water-soluble primer TIGER Aqua-Lac 402/70001 14 (company brochure), which is applied to products from MDF, the sample after applying the primer is dried in two stages: horizontal, to avoid sagging and vertical, using drying cabinets, in order to to speed up the process of preparing for powder coating. Two-stage drying indicates a significant increase in the moisture content of the base surface.

Common disadvantages of known water-soluble conductive soils are an undesirable increase in the moisture of the painted surface and, as a result, a decrease in the strength characteristics of most dielectric materials, especially wood-fiber materials such as MDF, OSB, plywood, hardboard, chipboard.

There is a method of applying powder coatings to a non-conductive base, in which the base is pre-treated with steam and heat at temperatures from 70 to 140 ° C for a period of time from 5 to 10 minutes and then powder coating is applied by electrostatic powder spraying [4].

This pretreatment method allows powder coatings to be effectively applied to non-conductive substrates with uniform deposition over the entire surface, including the edges, and without adversely affecting the subsequent curing of the powder film, but it leads to an increase in the moisture of the surface layer and the formation of bubbles under the cured powder film after its thermopolymerization .

A known composition for coatings, including epoxy diane resin, dibutyl phthalate, melamine formaldehyde resin, titanium dioxide, polyethylene polyamine, a mixture of solvents of methylene chloride, ethyl cellulose and xylene in a mass ratio in the mixture from 35:25:40 to 45:20:35 at a ratio of components, wt. hours epoxy diane resin 100, dibutyl phthalate 9.5-10.5, melamine formaldehyde resin 1.8-2.2, titanium dioxide 19-21, polyethylene polyamine 5.9-6.1, a mixture of methylene chloride, ethyl cellulose and xylene 120-138 [5 ].

The disadvantages of this composition are low electrical conductivity, insufficient water resistance and chemical resistance of coatings based on it.

Known composition for coatings, including epoxy Dianova resin, aminophenol hardener Agidol AF-2 based on a mixture of 2-ethylenediaminomethylphenol and 2,6-di- (ethylenediaminomethylphenol), flotation reagent-oxal based on ethers and formulas of dioxane alcohols, titanium dioxide and ethyl cellulose the ratio of components, parts by weight epoxy diane resin 100, aminophenol hardener Agidol AF-2 20-22, flotoreagent-oxal 23-27, titanium dioxide 8-10, ethyl cellulose 4-6.

The disadvantages of this composition are insufficient adhesion, elasticity and gloss of coatings based on it.

Known is used as a floor covering decorative material obtained by laminating paper coated with a resin coating, cured by ionizing radiation, on paper, impregnated with thermosetting resin, and hot pressing, which contains a surface layer and a layer of base material, laminated and located on its outer side, which has a durable surface, abrasion resistant surface, resistance to subsidence, water resistance and oil resistance [6].

Known composition for coatings containing epoxy Dianova resin, aminophenol hardener, flotation reagent oxal based on ethers and formulas of dioxane alcohols, titanium dioxide and an organic solvent, which to increase the elasticity, adhesion and gloss of the coating contains an epoxy resin with an epoxy number of 22, as aminophenol hardener transamination product a mixture of 2- and 2,6 bis (dimethylaminomethyl) phenols with a mixture of diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine and N, b-aminoethylpiperazine, as an organ of a solvent, a mixture of ethyl acetate, butyl cellosolve, xylene and acetone in a mass ratio of (5-9): 1: (5-9): 1, respectively, and additionally dibutyl phthalate, chalk, block copolymer of propylene and ethylene oxides "Reapon", chloropolyol aliphatic trifunctional epoxy resin with an epoxy number of 6-8 and an average molecular weight of 2000 with a ratio of components, parts by weight epoxy diane resin 100, aminophenol hardener 26, 34, flotation reagent oxal 8-15, titanium dioxide 30-50, dibutyl phthalate 3-5, chalk 70-110, reapon 3-5, a mixture of ethyl acetate, butyl cellulose, xylene and acetone 80-120 and chloropolyol aliphatic epoxy resin 10-18 [7].

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result (prototype) is a material with a protective wear-resistant coating at elevated temperatures and in corrosive environments, including an epoxy Dian resin, an amine hardener and cast iron powder, which contains an epoxy Dian resin with epoxy dian resin the content of 18-23% of the epoxy groups ED-20, as the amine hardener - polyethylene polyamine, and as the cast iron powder - high alloyed with nickel and copper cast iron powder fraction of 20-63 microns, heat-treated in argon at 250-300 ° C for 40-45 min, with a ratio of components, parts by weight: epoxy diane resin 100-120, polyethylene polyamine 15-18, cast iron powder 400-500 [8].

Common technical disadvantages of these materials are low electrical conductivity and a non-smooth matte surface of the coating, low mechanical hardness and strength of the coatings and the practical unsuitability for their subsequent painting with powder paints by electrostatic deposition methods.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION AND TECHNICAL RESULT

The aim of the invention and the technical result achieved by its use is to obtain a composite material and products with a dielectric base and a protective and decorative conductive coating:

- with high protective properties in relation to the atmospheric effects of the environment in the form of sudden changes in temperature and humidity, heat, frost, as well as exposure to rain, wet snow and solar radiation,

- possessing high aesthetic characteristics of the surface,

- increasing the strength of the material in bending, torsion and surface mechanical and thermal effects,

- providing the possibility of subsequent high-quality coloring of the material and products from it with powder paints by electrostatic deposition methods due to the high electrical conductivity of the coating.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The goal and the required technical result are achieved by the fact that in the composite material with a dielectric base and a protective and decorative coating containing epoxy resin, a hardener and metal powder, according to the invention, the protective and decorative coating is electrically conductive and contains a mixture of high molecular weight epoxy resins, mainly of type E- 40 (TU 2225-154-05011907-97) and E-05 (TU 2225-128-05034239-99) in the preferred mass ratio of parts (90-86): (10-14) or Epicot 223 (Shell Corparation, Holland) and Epicott 401 (Shell Corparation, Holland I) in a preferred weight ratio of portions (87-83) :( 13-17), a hardener, preferably of polyamide type and the particulate metal, preferably aluminum powder (PAP-2, GOST 5494-95).

In this case, the protective and decorative coating of the composite material contains components in the preferred mass ratio: a mixture of high molecular weight epoxy resins 100-120, a polyamide hardener 21-26 and finely divided metal powder 28-37.

At the same time, the protective and decorative coating as a polyamide hardener contains dimerized linseed oil acids with an acid number of 220 (PO-200 TU 2494-609-11131395-2005), and as a finely divided metal powder it contains a surface-modified finely dispersed aluminum powder treated by the counterflow method in "Fluidized bed" of the vapor-gas phase with a critical surface energy of 40-45 erg / cm ² (PAP-2 GOST 5494-95).

In this case, the protective and decorative coating is obtained from a liquid composition, mainly containing, parts by weight: a mixture of high molecular weight epoxy resins 100-120, polyamide hardener 21-26, finely divided metal, mainly aluminum powder 28-37 and organic solvent 64-78, mainly in the form of a mixture of toluene, butanol (GOST 5208-81) and butyl acetate (GOST 8981-78) or xylene (GOST 9410), isopropyl alcohol (GOST 9805-84) and ethyl acetate (GOST 8981-78) in an advantageous mass ratio of parts 22: 40:38.

In this case, the protective and decorative coating is obtained from a liquid composition additionally containing a dispersant of finely divided metal powder, for example, Degussa R-3002 (Degussa R-3002, Degussa Evolonik Industries SKW, Trosberi, Germany) or BYK 1413 (BYK -Chemie, Germany) and optionally containing a stabilizer of fine metal powder, for example, "BASF 04/118" (BASF Group, Germany).

As a dielectric base, the material contains commonly used in industry wood-fiber material mainly of the MDF type, wood-particle material, wood, plywood, asbestos-cement material, slate, ceramic, glass, earthenware, concrete or composite materials based on them.

The goal and the required technical result are also achieved by the fact that in the product of a composite material with a dielectric base and a protective and decorative coating comprising an hardener and an epoxy resin metal powder, according to the invention, the protective and decorative coating of the product is electrically conductive and contains a mixture of high molecular weight epoxy resins, mainly type E-40 and E-05 in a mass ratio (90-86) :( 10-14) or Epicot 223 and Epicot 401 in a mass ratio (87-83) :( 13-17), hardener, mainly polyamide fine type, and finely divided metal, mainly aluminum, powder.

In this case, the protective and decorative coating of the product contains components in the ratio, parts by weight: a mixture of high molecular weight epoxy resins 100-120, a polyamide hardener 21-26 and a finely divided metal, mainly aluminum, powder 28-37.

In this case, the protective and decorative coating of the product as a polyamide hardener contains dimerized linseed oil acids with an acid number of 220, and as a finely divided metal powder contains a surface-modified finely dispersed aluminum powder treated by the countercurrent method in a "fluidized bed" of a vapor-gas phase with a critical surface energy of 40- 45 erg / cm ² .

In this case, the protective and decorative coating of the product is obtained from a liquid composition containing, by weight: a mixture of high molecular weight epoxy resins 100-120, polyamide hardener 21-26, finely divided metal, mainly aluminum powder 28-37 and organic solvent 64-78, mainly in the form of a mixture of toluene, butanol and butyl acetate or xylene, isopropyl alcohol and ethyl acetate in an advantageous mass ratio of 22:40:38.

In this case, the protective and decorative coating of the product is obtained from a liquid composition, additionally containing a dispersant of fine metal powder, for example, Degussa R-3002 or BYK 1413, and additionally containing a stabilizer of fine metal powder, for example, BASF 04/118.

Moreover, as a dielectric base, the product contains wood-fiber material, mainly of the MDF type, wood-shaving material, wood, plywood, asbestos-cement material, slate, ceramic, glass, earthenware, concrete or composite materials based on them and made in in the form of a furniture plate, tabletop, window sill, platband, door leaf, decorative wall panel, facade of the kitchen cabinet, counter, baguette, furniture element, information stand, sign, small architectural form for decorating the landscape and advertising we.

The above quantitative indicators of the components of the composition are preferable, but not obligatory, and in practice they can fluctuate relative to the indicated values.

As separate components, other substances and compositions similar in properties and achieved result can be used.

IMPLEMENTATION AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

Composite material with a dielectric base and a protective and decorative coating and products from it were made and tested in an industrial environment.

Examples of manufacturing a composite material with a dielectric base and a protective-decorative coating and products made of material show significant hardening of the surface of the base, high resistance to moisture, weather and sun

Example 1. At a test site in the village. Otradnoye, Leningrad Region, an information stand was made from the material according to the invention with letters cut out from MDF fiberboard and painted with powder paint by electrostatic spraying. After being on the street for more than 8 months, the letters retained a high gloss and tolerated winter and spring temperature changes, as well as summer heating by solar radiation.

Example 2. Two samples of MDF fiberboard 50X50 mm in size were coated with one and two layers of coating according to the invention and placed in a container with water, where they stayed afloat for 20 days without visual changes in geometric dimensions. This proves a significant increase in the moisture resistance of the base, since it is known that the MDF material is highly hygroscopic, and rapidly increases its thickness due to capillary absorption of water by more than 1.2 times. Measurement of the thickness of test samples coated with one and two coating layers showed that these values are practically equal with the initial state before the samples were placed in water for 20 days.

Example 3. On the surface of a wood fiberboard MDF coated according to the invention and painted with powder paint by electrostatic spraying, a lit cigarette was left, which burned to a complete stop of smoldering (2-3 minutes) and it did not burn through the integumentary surface of the paint, leaving only a dark mark . This proves a significant increase in thermal conductivity and resistance of the coating surface to thermal effects. The absence of fire or smoldering of the composite material according to the invention is explained by the high thermal conductivity of aluminum, which is part of the coating composition, is 190 [W / (m · K)], and MDF - 0.07 [W / (m · K)], ie thermal conductivity coatings 2700 times higher, which provides a high level of heat removal with local heating.

Example 4. The MDF plate was coated with a coating according to the invention, painted with a hybrid powder paint and without curing the paint was set to preserve to determine the time of loss (swelling) of the charge. After 30 days, the sample was shaken by hitting the floor with the end face of the plate. About 20 g of powder flew off a plate with an area of 1 m ² , but the appearance of the sample did not change, which proves the high ability of the coating to retain paint due to its high electrical conductivity.

Example 5. The MDF plate was primed with the composition according to the invention and painted with powder paint with its polymerization, after which cross-shaped incisions were made on the samples, and then with tape they tried to raise the edges of the cuts. The edges of the sections of the coatings did not peel off, which confirms the strong adhesion of the coating layer to the base. All high-quality painted products according to the invention passed the tests according to GOST 15140-78 with an A2-70 adhesive meter.

Example 6. The MDF plate was primed with the composition according to the invention and painted with powder paint, after which a metal ball was dropped from a height of 50 and 80 cm onto its surface. Under standard test conditions in accordance with ASTM D 2794, no dents were formed, which proves the high surface strength of the composite material and its products. All high-quality products of the invention passed direct impact tests in accordance with ASTM D 2794.

The composition for the manufacture of the coating of the composite material and products from it according to the invention is delivered complete in a metal container with a total weight of 20 kg or more.

After delivery, all components used for the manufacture of protective and decorative coatings that form the basis of the composition — a solution in an organic solvent of a mixture of epoxy resins (component A), hardener-catalyst (component B) and filler - aluminum powder (component C) are kept in the paint preparation room for 18-20 hours. The temperature of the components ready for use should not be lower than 18 ° C.

Weighing and dosing of the components is carried out on a balance with a measurement error of not more than 2%.

Component A is mixed with component C in an optimal ratio, and component C is poured gradually with constant stirring until a homogeneous mass of silver-gray color is obtained without lumps and clots.

The resulting mixture was incubated for 3 minutes, then the required amount of component B was added to it. The batch was thoroughly mixed for 10 minutes in the above manner.

The working viscosity of the resulting mixture should be 12-14 seconds using a B3-246 viscometer with a 4 mm nozzle. In the case of obtaining a higher viscosity system, it may be diluted with a solvent prepared from a mixture of acetone (GOST 2768), ethyl cellosolve (GOST 8313) and xylene (GOST 9949) in a ratio, respectively, by weight: 30-30-40.

The prepared kneading of the components of the composition is suitable for use for at least 6 hours.

The composition prepared but not used for applying onto the base of the material is stored in a tightly closed container in order to avoid volatilization of the solvent.

Transportation and storage of the components of the composition is carried out according to GOST 9980.5-86 at a temperature of from 5 ° C to 45 ° C in a closed heated room.

The main characteristics of the basis of the composition (component A).

Table 1 Name of indicator Norm Appearance Homogeneous viscous liquid, colorless or slightly colored The nominal viscosity of the base according to the viscometer B3-246 with a nozzle diameter of 4 mm at a temperature of 20 + 0.5 ° C, s 13-19 Mass fraction of nonvolatile substances,% 34-40

Main characteristics of the hardener-catalyst for (component B).

table 2 Active substance content,%, not less than thirty Gelatinization time in terms of epoxy resin with epoxy equivalent 187-193, min, no more 90

Gelatinization time is understood to mean the time after which a sharp increase in the viscosity of the hardener-resin mixture begins.

The main characteristics of the modified aluminum powder (component C).

Table 3 Primary aluminum, brand, not lower A5 Granulometric composition - residue on a sieve +008,%, no more 1,0 Active aluminum content,%, not less than 90 The content of modifying additives,%, no more 4,5 Surfacing,%, not less 92

The main technical characteristics of the coating.

Table 4 Name of indicator Norm Test method The appearance of the coating Homogeneous smooth visually The nominal viscosity of the base according to the viscometer B3-246 with a nozzle diameter of 4 mm at a temperature of 20 + 0.5 13-19 GOST 17537 Mass fraction of non-volatiles in the semi-finished product,% 34-40 GOST 17537 Drying time to a tack-off degree of 3 hours no more: GOST 6589 At T = 20 deg 6 At T = 90 degrees one The hardness of the coating according to the pendulum device TML, conventional units no less 0.5 GOST 5233 Bending elasticity, mm, not less 2 GOST 6806 Coating strength upon impact on the U-1 device, cm, not less than 40 GOST 4765 Thermal resistance of the coating at T = 250 degrees, h, not less 3

The viability of the ready-to-use compound at T = 25 deg, h, at least 6 Hazard level fire and explosion hazard GOST 12.1007-76 Recommended air humidity., Not higher than% 80 Hazard Class 3 GOST 12.1.007-76

The main methods of painting various types of surfaces

Table 5 Surface type The method of surface preparation (operations) Application Method (optional) Number of layers Additional operations Fiberglass Grinding
Dedusting
Degreasing Brush
Roller
Pneumatic spray one no Plastic Degreasing Pneumatic spray
Airless spray one no Mineral glass Degreasing Pneumatic spray
Dipping one no Wood Grinding
Dedusting Brush
Pneumatic spray 2 Grinding the first layer Sandwich plywood Edge grinding
Dedusting Edge brush
Calendering
Pneumatic spray 2 Grinding the first layer Wood fiber board Grinding
Dedusting Brush
Pneumatic spray 2 Grinding the first layer Chipboard Dedusting Pneumatic spray
Filling one no Cement and cement chipboard Dedusting Pneumatic spray
Airless spray one no Ceramics Dedusting Dipping Filling one no Stone and brick Dedusting Brush Pneumatic spray one no

The experiments showed that when painting MDF plates coated with the specified composition, on the one hand, the opposite side (the reverse side of the spraying) is simultaneously stained by an aerosol cloud of powder in the spray booth and electrostatics. Particularly, the effect of staining the powder with an aerosol cloud is noticeable on paints with a low particle weight, for example, paints from the Gatchina powder paint plant.

The curing of the powder coatings takes place in a heat chamber on the surface of the coated products of the invention. Moreover, the formation of a paint layer on the surface of the dielectric material occurs much faster than in the case of liquid paints, due to the fact that the coloring process is not associated with the volatilization of the solvent or water. A paint film is formed from melts depending on temperature in just 12-20 minutes.

In the manufacture of composite material and products based on a dielectric material having a fibrous structure, the material, for example, MDF is heated to a temperature of 80-90 degrees and held for 10 minutes to remove interfiber moisture. Recommended surface humidity before processing 3-6%.

Then the composition of the coating layer at a temperature of 18-20 degrees C is applied to the surface of the substrate.

The base with the coating layer cools to a temperature of 18-20 degrees C, while the linear dimensions of the coating layer of the surface are reduced and part of the coating composition penetrates between the fibers or into the pores of the base and the first phase of the composition polymerization occurs.

Then, the base with the coating layer is placed in the heating chamber for the second polymerization phase, during which the fibers of the base usually rise and the pores open in the coating surface.

After that, the surface of the coating is ground to cut the base fibers that have risen during the polymerization of the coating composition.

Then re-apply the coating composition, which closes the resulting pores.

The resulting composite material or products from it is again placed in the heating chamber to accelerate the polymerization of the coating layer, after which the surface is finished.

Then, if necessary, powder coating is performed by corona discharge or triboelectric device, providing a layer of powder paint, and then a layer of paint is baked in a heating chamber at a temperature of 170 degrees C for 18 minutes.

The experiments showed the possibility of repainting the composite material and products from it with a color change.

The high electrical conductivity of the coating allows the product to be repainted with a color change under the same conditions under which metal surfaces are traditionally painted with powder paints.

Thus, the possibility of achieving the required technical result, namely, obtaining a composite material and products from it with a protective and decorative coating, has been practically proved;

- with high protective properties in relation to the atmospheric effects of the environment, for example, sudden changes in temperature and humidity, heat, frost, as well as exposure to rain, wet snow and solar radiation,

- possessing high aesthetic characteristics,

- increasing the strength of the material in bending and torsion and surface mechanical stress,

- providing the possibility of subsequent high-quality coloring of the material and products from it with powder paints by electrostatic deposition methods due to the high electrical conductivity of the coating.

COMPLIANCE WITH ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA.

In general, given the novelty and non-obviousness of inventions, the materiality of all general and particular features of inventions, industrial applicability, practical feasibility of the invention and the achievement of the objectives set by the invention and the required technical result, in our opinion, the claimed group of inventions meets all the eligibility requirements for inventions.

The analysis also shows that all the general and particular features of the inventions are essential, since each of them is necessary, and together they are not only sufficient to achieve the objective of the inventions, but also allow to realize the invention in an industrial way and achieve the required technical results.

In addition, the analysis of the set of essential features of the group’s inventions and achieved using a single technical result shows the presence of a single inventive concept, close and inextricable connection, which allows combining the two inventions in one application.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Nikolaev A.F. Synthetic polymers and plastics based on them. M. - L .: Chemistry, 1966, p. 661.

2. Spark EV et al. Technology for painting ships, L .: Shipbuilding, 1974, p. 80.

3. 2044019 RU, C09D 163/02, publ. 1995.09.20.

4. 2271875 RU, B05D 1/06, publ. 2006.03.20, initial applications US 01/51386 (10.26.2001), WO 02/42167 (05.30.2002).

5. A.c. USSR No. 1441763, cl. C09D 5/08, 1987.

6. 98103869 RU, E04F 15/02, publ. 01.01.10.

7. 2071494 RU, C09D 163/02, publ. 1997.01.1.

8. 2044019 RU, C09D 163/02, publ. 1995.09.20 (prototype).

Claims (14)

1. A composite material with a dielectric base and an electrically conductive protective and decorative coating, characterized in that the electrically conductive protective and decorative coating is obtained from a composition containing a mixture of epoxy resins of grade E-40 and E-05 in a mass ratio of 90-86: 10-14 or Epicot 223 and Epicot 401 in a weight ratio of 87-83: 13-17, a polyamide hardener, finely divided aluminum powder and a mixture of organic solvents toluene, butanol and butyl acetate or a mixture of xylene, isopropyl alcohol and ethyl acetate in a mass ratio Cheney 22:40:38 in the following ratio of components, parts by weight:
the specified mixture of epoxy resins 100-120 specified hardener 21-26 fine metal powder 28-37 the specified mixture of organic solvents 64-78 2. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically conductive protective and decorative coating of the material as a finely dispersed aluminum powder contains a surface-modified finely dispersed powder treated by the countercurrent method in a "fluidized bed" of a vapor-gas phase with a critical surface energy of 40-45 erg / cm ² . 3. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective and decorative coating of the material as a polyamide hardener contains dimerized linseed oil acids with an acid number of 220. 4. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective and decorative coating of the material is obtained from a composition additionally containing a dispersant of finely dispersed aluminum powder. 5. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective and decorative coating of the material is obtained from a composition additionally containing a stabilizer of finely dispersed aluminum powder. 6. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, as the dielectric base, the material contains wood-fiber material, wood-shaving material, wood, plywood, asbestos-cement material, slate, ceramics, glass, earthenware, concrete or composite materials on them basis. 7. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that as the dielectric material mainly contains wood-fiber material such as MDF. 8. A product made of a composite material with a dielectric base and an electrically conductive protective and decorative coating, characterized in that the electrically conductive protective and decorative coating of the product is obtained from a composition containing a mixture of epoxy resins E-40 and E-05 in a weight ratio of 90-86: 10 -14 or Epicot 223 and Epicot 401 in a weight ratio of 87-83: 13-17, polyamide hardener, finely divided aluminum powder and a mixture of organic solvents toluene, butanol and butyl acetate or a mixture of xylene, isopropyl alcohol and ethyl acetate tata in a mass ratio of 22:40:38 in the following ratio of components, parts by weight:
the specified mixture of epoxy resins 100-120 specified hardener 21-26 fine metal powder 28-37 the specified mixture of organic solvents 64-78 9. The composite material product according to claim 8, characterized in that the protective and decorative coating of the product as finely divided aluminum powder contains a surface-modified finely dispersed aluminum powder treated by the countercurrent method in a "fluidized bed" of a vapor-gas phase with a critical surface energy of 40-45 erg / cm ² . 10. The composite product according to claim 8, characterized in that it is obtained from a liquid composition further comprising a dispersant of finely divided aluminum powder. 11. The product of composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that the protective and decorative coating of the product is obtained from a composition additionally containing a stabilizer of finely divided metal powder. 12. The composite material product of claim 8, characterized in that the product comprises a fiber-based material, wood-shaving material, wood, plywood, asbestos-cement material, slate, ceramic, glass, faience, concrete or composite materials as a dielectric base based on them. 13. The product of composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that as the dielectric base, the product mainly contains wood-fiber material such as MDF. 14. A composite product according to claim 12, characterized in that it is made in the form of a furniture plate, tabletop, window sill, platband, door leaf, decorative wall panel, facade of the kitchen cabinet, counter, baguette, furniture element, information stand, sign, small architectural form for landscape decoration and advertising.