RU2410637C1 - Method of breaking down firearm round and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: set of inventions relates to recovery of firearm rounds (FRR), particularly, to breaking down of bullets into components, i.e. jacket, lead sheath and core, in automatic mode with subsequent re-use of the bullet separate parts and processing said parts into materials of industrial purpose. Rounds are arranged in continuously revolving transport and service rotors with actuators arranged regularly along actuator circumference and tool units. Bullet is extracted from cartridge in two steps, i.e. first, bullet is forced out for amount that allows air passage and rules out powder spill and, second, bullet is completely removed from cartridge and grips and forced into receiving pan. Cartridge is transferred inside armored cab to remove powder and, then, cartridge in dropped into the pan. Powder is transferred into vessel to be weighed. In using two-chamber armored cab, powder is pouted in turn into one chamber with its outlet locked.

EFFECT: higher fire and explosion safety.

10 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of disposal of small arms cartridges (PSO), in particular to the technology of dismantling cartridges for components, including a sleeve, bullet, gunpowder, in an automated mode with the possible reuse of individual parts of the cartridge and the processing of other parts into industrial materials.

Currently, the base warehouses store a large number of PSO to be disposed of. The solution to this problem requires the creation of an effective industrial technology that ensures environmental fire and explosion safety of the disposal process and the creation of high-performance equipment, in particular for the dismantling of cartridges.

The operation of the dismantling of cartridges refers to fire and explosive. In this regard, even a partial scattering of gunpowder on the actuators of the equipment and cartridge elements (bullet, sleeve) creates explosive conditions. The removal of gunpowder from the sleeve should be carried out in containers installed in the explosion-proof cabin.

A number of inventions are known in which methods and devices for dismantling a PSO are described.

In the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2181188, published on 04/10/2002, a method for cutting a small unitary cartridge is described, in which the separation of the bullet and the sleeve is carried out as a result of the deformation of the sleeve by creating a bending moment relative to the bullet. In this case, the cartridge is located bullet down and the removal of gunpowder and bullet is carried out in one direction, which inevitably leads to the coating of the bullet with powder dust, which can be filled in containers with bullets, which is explosive during transportation and processing of bullets.

The same applies to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2122706, published on 11/27/1998.

In the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2300728, published on 10.06.2007, the bullet is removed from the sleeve in a horizontal plane with continuous movement of the bullet in the gripping body, while the powder spills out of the sleeve, falling on the bullet and actuators.

In the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2357203, published on 05.27.2009, the cartridge case with the powder moves in one channel, invariably covered with powder dust. When removing a bullet from the sleeve, the powder also splashes out, falling on the actuators.

Thus, in all known methods and devices, gunpowder and powder dust during the dismantling of a bullet from a sleeve and a powder spill partially fall on the actuators and cartridge elements, which is fire and explosion hazard during operation of the equipment.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a high-performance, reliable in operation and providing conditions of fire and explosion safety technologies and equipment for dismantling the PSO.

The technical result obtained from the invention is to create a method and device for removing a cartridge, eliminating the dispersion of gunpowder and powder dust on the actuators of the equipment and cartridge elements (sleeve, bullet) and providing an explosion-proof system for collecting gunpowder into transported containers and removing these containers without stopping the equipment .

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the extraction of the bullet from the sleeve is carried out with the vertical location of the cartridge bullet up in two stages. At the first stage, the bullet is previously removed from the sleeve by an amount that allows air to pass into the sleeve, but which delays the dispersion of gunpowder from the sleeve. The second stage is the final extraction of the bullet from the sleeve. In this case, the extracted bullet is forcibly released from the grabs and freely pushed into the receiving tank. The sleeve is freed from gunpowder in an explosion-proof armored cabin made with two chambers isolated from each other, in which containers for receiving gunpowder are installed. As one of the containers is filled with gunpowder, the latter is weighed, and the gunpowder is sent to the free tank of another insulated chamber of the armored car, which is blocked for opening. This allows you to remove the container filled with gunpowder without stopping the machine and thereby ensure continuous operation of the equipment in compliance with safety requirements. Monitoring of filled containers can also be carried out according to the dose of emptied.

The achievement of the specified technical result is possible when using the device proposed for the implementation of the aforementioned method.

More specifically, the claimed method and device are explained using the drawings, which show:

figure 1 - General view of the automatic dismantling of the cartridge;

figure 2 - schematic representation of the machine (top view);

figure 3 is a view of the tanks located in the armored car;

figure 4 - General view of the tool block dismantling the cartridge;

5 is a schematic illustration of the operations of dismantling the cartridge on the transitions.

The cartridge dismantling machine (FIGS. 1, 2) contains a bed 1 on which two automatic loading devices 2 with feeders are installed, supplying a transport rotor 3, a technological rotor of dismounting a cartridge 4 with tool blocks 5, a receiving rotor 6, an armored car 7, a receiving tray gunpowder 8, a rotary receiving tray 9, a container for receiving gunpowder 10, a weight control sensor for gunpowder 11, a rotary latch 12, a door lock 13, an electromagnet 14 for controlling the rotary tray and the latch. A drum 15 is mounted on the shaft of the technological rotor with axially movable sliders 16. An annular copier 17, along the profile of which a slider moves with its roller, is fixed in the cabinet 18.

Figure 2 shows the machine in top view with the receiving trays of the bullet 19 and the sleeve 20.

Figure 3 is a view of the weighed containers 10 installed in the cameras of the armored cab with a stationary tray 8 and a rotary tray 10.

The tool unit 5 (Fig. 4) comprises an upper housing 21 in which a movable slider 22 is mounted freely connected to the rotor slider 16. On the slider 22, freely swinging grippers 23 are fixed, a spring-loaded sleeve 24, which compresses the grippers 23 and the spring-loaded ejection punch 25. The cam 26 and the stop 27 are rigidly fixed to the housing 21. The cartridge is attached to the groove in the lower housing 28 of the block.

Figure 5 shows the technological process of dismantling the cartridge along the transitions (pos.1-6).

Pos. 1 shows the moment the cartridge is installed in the tool block.

On pos.2 shows the moment of capture of the bullet.

Pos. 3 shows the moment of preliminary removal of the bullet from the sleeve.

Pos. 4 shows the moment of the final extraction of the bullet from the sleeve, the release of the bullet from the grips and its ejection.

Pos. 5 shows the moment of removal of the sleeve from the tool block.

Item 6 shows the moment of the initial position of the tool.

The machine works as follows. The cartridges oriented in the loading devices 2 (FIG. 1) are transferred to the position of the supply transport rotor 3, which, as it rotates, transfers the cartridges with the bullet up into the tool blocks 5, in which the cartridge is dismantled. The slider 16 of the technological rotor moves, as the rotor rotates, in the drum 15 along the copy 17 and controls the movement of the slider 22 of the tool unit.

According to the technological process (figure 5), the cartridge transport rotor is installed in the lower housing 28 of the tool block (1). The slider 22 lowers down and clamps the grip 23 bullet (2). Next, the slider rises up, previously removing the bullet by a certain amount, and stops for the purpose of air passage (pos. 3), excluding the splashing of gunpowder from the sleeve.

With further rotation of the rotor, the slider after stopping in the axial direction again rises up, finally removing the bullet (item 4).

The grips 23 run over the cam 26 with their outer shoulder, rotate about their axis and release the bullet. To guarantee the delivery of the bullet from the block with further movement of the slider, the punch 25 runs into the support 27, stops, acts on the bullet remaining in the grips, and pushes it into the tray 19 (figure 2).

Next, the slider falls down to its original position, and the sleeve is captured by the transport rotor (pos. 5) and in the armored cab zone it is rotated by an angle of 160 to 200 ° and pours the powder into the tray 8 (Figs. 1, 2, 3), along which the powder is poured in the rotary tray 9 and then into one of the containers 10. The sleeve with further rotation of the transport rotor is reset to the tray 20 (figure 2).

As the capacity is filled according to the signal of the powder weight control sensor 11, the tray, under the influence of, for example, the drive of the electromagnet 14, rotates around its axis and is mounted above the free capacity. At the same time, the latch 12, mounted on an axis, releases the lock 13 on the chamber door and locks the door of the other chamber. The filled tank is removed from the armored car without stopping the machine.

The invention used in the machine, provides fire and explosion safety, high productivity of the process of dismantling the PSO, reliability in operation during operation, simplicity of design.

Claims (10)

1. The method of dismantling small arms cartridges containing a sleeve with a capsule, gunpowder and a bullet, including placing cartridges in positions of continuously rotating transport and technological rotors, removing a bullet from a sleeve and removing a sleeve, bullet and gunpowder, characterized in that the bullet is removed from the sleeve in two stages, moreover, at the first stage of rotation of the technological rotor, the bullet is removed by an amount that allows air to pass and eliminates the dispersion of gunpowder, and then after stopping the axial movement of the bullet at the second stage, it is finally o removed from the sleeve and with further axial movement released from the grips, and forced to push into the receiving tank, and the sleeve is transported to the area of the armored car and released from gunpowder. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the trajectory of the actuator for extracting the bullet is provided by the profile of the annular copier along which the roller of the rotor slide moves. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the release of the sleeve from gunpowder is carried out when the sleeve is rotated in the range from 160 to 200 ° in the armored cab zone into a removable container that reacts by means of control to the amount of gunpowder filling. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when using a two-chamber armored car, gunpowder is alternately poured into one of the free containers. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that when the powder is filled with any of the tanks of the armored car, the corresponding chamber is blocked for opening. 6. A device for dismantling small arms cartridges, comprising continuously rotating transport and technological rotors with actuators and tool blocks evenly spaced around the circumference, characterized in that the device is equipped with an armored car for receiving gunpowder, and the technological rotor in the upper part is equipped with sliders movable along the axis, in contact with a circular copier located around the circumference, and freely connected to the sliders of the tool block with the springs placed in them with axial bullet ejectors and spring-loaded swaying two two-arm grippers that contact the inner shoulder with the surface of the bullet, and the outer shoulder with axial movement contacting for disclosure with a stationary cam installed in the block. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the two-shoulder grips are pressed into the initial position by a movable spring-loaded sleeve. 8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the ejector punch located in the spring-loaded sleeve rests with its shoulder in the end face of the sleeve, and the other end with axial movement - on a fixed support for ejecting the bullet. 9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the sleeve is held from axial movement behind the flange by the annular protrusion of the receiver of the tool unit. 10. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that when the armored car is double-chambered, the powder receiving tray is configured to switch from a camera with a container filled with gunpowder to a camera with a free tank.

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