RU2409974C1 - Method for improvement of sow milk-yielding capacity and milk quality - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method consists in addition of Minvit L preparation to the basic diet with regard to nutrient value of fodder allowances and the animals' need for nutrients. Minvit L preparation is included in basic daily diet 5-10 days prior to farrow and during lactation up to piglet ablactation, mixed with fodder and fed by group mode in a quantity of 1.4% of daily mixed fodder standard allowance.

EFFECT: improvement of lactating sows milk-yielding capacity and milk quality.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of animal husbandry, in particular pig breeding, and is intended to improve the quality of milk and milk production of lactating sows.

It is known the use of protein-vitamin-mineral feed additives containing protein components, vitamins, as well as chelate compounds of salts of citric acid - citrates of zinc, iron, copper, manganese, cobalt, when feeding pigs for fattening [1]. The disadvantage of this method is that this BVMD allows to increase the growth rate of pigs and their productivity, but does not increase the quality of milk of lactating sows.

A known method that increases the milk production of sows, increase in live weight and the safety of piglets. The method includes the use of peat oxidate as a feed additive for both piglets and sows. However, this method does not improve the quality of sows milk [2].

The invention is aimed at developing a method for improving the quality of colostrum, and milk, and sows milk, which allows the use of a complex preparation based on macro- and microelements in an easily accessible form, amino acids, vitamins, normalizing the nutritional value of colostrum and sows milk during lactation.

This is achieved by the fact that the proposed method includes the introduction of the drug "Minvit L" into the main diet of lactating sows, containing substances in the form of chelated compounds of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP) with trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co), sodium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamins ( A, D ₃ , B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₅ , B ₁₂ , C) and amino acids (lysine and methionine).

The novelty of the proposed technical solution and inventive step consists in the fact that the diet includes “Minvit C”, 100 g of which contains: Vitamin A (retinol acetate) - 55.94 thousand ME; Vitamin D ₃ (cholecalciferol) - 5.0 thousand ME; Vitamin B ₂ (riboflavin) - 45.81 mg; Vitamin B ₃ (nicotinamide) - 383.24 mg; Vitamin B ₄ (choline chloride) - 2822.08 mg; Vitamin B ₅ (calcium pantothenate) - 182.82 mg; Vitamin B ₁₂ (cyancobalamin) - 236.48 mcg; Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) - 202.52 mg; Vitamin E (α-tocopherol acetate) - 146.61 mg; NaH ₂ PO ₄ - 54.57 g and salts of HEDP with trace elements (Fe - 3398.56 mg; Cu - 918.47 mg; Zn - 3876.86 mg; Mn - 1850.55 mg; Co - 211.35 mg) and amino acids (Lysine (lysine hydrochloride) - 25.2 g; methionine - 11.17 g).

The drug "Minvit L" is a white powder with a grayish tint, odorless; the composition includes minerals in the form of complex compounds (HEDP) with trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co), sodium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamins (A, D ₃ , B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₅ , B ₁₂ , C) and amino acids (lysine and methionine).

Minerals, vitamins and amino acids have a wide spectrum of action in the body of an animal.

They are necessary for the body of the animal for the normal course of lactation and the functioning of organ systems, in particular the mammary gland and the activation of milk synthesis and increase its quality. High quality milk and a set of necessary biologically active substances contribute to the maintenance of resistance, normal growth and development of suckling pigs.

The method was carried out as follows.

Example 1. The validation of the drug "Minvit L" was carried out on sows of large white breed at the age of 3 years. To work out the dose and effectiveness of the drug, 4 groups were formed, in each group 12 sows. Sows in the control group received a basic diet based on concentrates. Sows in the experimental groups received the main diet with the drug "Minvit L", which was introduced into the main diet 5-10 days before farrowing and during lactation before weaning piglets at 60 days, mixing with concentrates and feeding in a group way, in doses,% of daily feed rate: in the first - 1, in the second - 1.4, in the third - 1.7.

The results are given in tables 1-3. The nutritional control of colostrum and milk was carried out on the 1st and 30th days of the day after farrowing.

Table 1 Biochemical composition of sows milk ^* Indicators Experienced 1 Experienced 2 Experienced 3 Control Ca, g / l 2.12 ± 0.03 2.16 ± 0.03 2.12 ± 0.03 1.85 ± 0.01 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 1.75 ± 0.03 1.84 ± 0.04 1.71 ± 0.02 1.75 ± 0.02 <0.05 P, g / l 1.70 ± 0.01 1.70 ± 0.01 1.69 ± 0.01 1.44 ± 0.01 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 1.35 ± 0.02 1.43 ± 0.02 1.38 ± 0.02 1.34 ± 0.01 <0.05 Sugar,% 3.08 ± 0.05 3.18 ± 0.06 3.09 ± 0.05 2.84 ± 0.05 <0.01 <0.05 <0.01 5.29 ± 0.09 5.17 ± 0.09 5.09 ± 0.09 5.26 ± 0.09 Fats,% 4.67 ± 0.06 4.78 ± 0.06 4.69 ± 0.06 4,5 ± 0,07 > 0.05 <0.05 <0.05 6.56 ± 0.11 6.53 ± 0.11 6.47 ± 0.10 6.56 ± 0.11 Note: ^* milk: the first line (colostrum) - on the day of farrowing, the second line - on the 30th day of lactation

The calcium content in colostrum on the first day of lactation is higher in the second group by 0.31 g / l (14.4%, P <0.001). On the 30th day of lactation, the calcium content in milk is higher in animals of the second group by 0.09 g / l (4.9%, P <0.05) than in the control and in the first experimental group; 0.13 g / l (7.1%, P <0.05) than in the third experimental group. The phosphorus content in sows milk on the first day of lactation in the experimental groups is at the same level and significantly higher than in the control, P <0.001. The phosphorus content in the milk of animals of the second group on the 30th day of lactation is higher by 0.09 g / l (6.3%, P <0.05) than in the control; 0.08 g / l (5.6%) higher than in the first group; 0.05 g / l (3.5%) higher than in the third group. The increase in calcium and phosphorus in sows milk has a positive effect on the growth of sucking pigs, as these elements are the building material for bone tissue.

On the first day of lactation in the second experimental group, the sugar and fat content exceeds the same indicators in the first and third experimental groups: sugar content - 3.18 ± 0.06% (0.34% more than in the control, P <0.05 ), protein - 18.60 ± 0.20% (1.1% more than in the control, P <0.01), fat - 4.78 ± 0.06% (0.28% more than in control, P <0.05). The nutrients supplied by sows milk to the body of piglets contribute to the activation of protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism, resulting in accelerated growth and development of piglets.

table 2 Protein composition of sows milk ^* Indicators Experienced 1 Experienced 2 Experienced 3 Control Protein,% 18.40 ± 0.20 18.60 ± 0.20 18.50 ± 0.20 17.50 ± 0.20 <0.05 <0.01 <0.01 6.15 ± 0.13 6.24 ± 0.09 5.53 ± 0.16 6.19 ± 0.10 <0.01 Immunoglobulins, g / l 79.60 ± 0.80 83.10 ± 1.10 79.64 ± 1.20 72.20 ± 1.16 <0.005 <0.001 <0.005 8.20 ± 0.20 8.90 ± 0.25 8.73 ± 0.19 8.28 ± 0.19 <0.05 Note: ^* milk: the first line (colostrum) - on the day of farrowing, the second line - on the 30th day of lactation

The content of immunoglobulins in milk on the first day of lactation in animals of the second experimental group is 10.9 g / l more (13.1%, P <0.001) than in the control; 3.5 g / l (4.2%, P <0.05) than in the first group; by 3.46 g / l (4.2%, P <0.05) than in the third group. By the 30th day of lactation, the content of immunoglobulins in milk is significantly higher only in animals of the second group, by 0.62 g / l (7%, P <0.05) than in the control; 0.7 g / l (7.9%, P <0.05) higher than in the first group; 0.17 g / l (1.9%) than in the third group. The intake of immunoglobulins in the body of piglets helps to increase the resistance of piglets, which increases their safety compared to the control, where sows receive only the main diet.

The content of iron, zinc, copper in the milk of sows of all experimental groups was significantly higher than in the control. The highest iron content on the first and 30th day of lactation is observed in animals of the third group, higher by 1.31 mg / l (16.8%, P <0.001) than in the control. The copper content in the milk of animals of the second experimental group on the first day of lactation is slightly higher than in the first and third experimental groups, higher by 0.57 mg / l (17.7%, P <0.001) than in the control. The zinc content in milk in the first and 30th in the third group is slightly higher than in the first and second. The content of manganese and cobalt on the first and 30th day of lactation is higher in the second experimental group than in the first and third. On the first day, the cobalt content in the milk of animals of the second group is 0.06 mg / l higher (15.8%, P <0.01) than in the control; 0.03 mg / l (7.9%, P <0.05) than in the first group, 0.02 mg / l (5.3%) than in the third group.

Table 3 Mineral content in colostrum and sows milk ^* , mg / l Indicators Experienced 1 Experienced 2 Experienced 3 Control Fe 7.71 ± 0.13 7.74 ± 0.13 7.81 ± 0.14 6.50 ± 0.16 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 6.27 ± 0.09 6.37 ± 0.10 6.43 ± 0.10 5.78 ± 0.13 <0.05 <0.001 <0.001 Cu 3.21 ± 0.04 3.22 ± 0.06 3.20 ± 0.04 2.65 ± 0.04 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 2.98 ± 0.05 3.04 ± 0.04 3.07 ± 0.04 2.66 ± 0.05 <0.005 <0.001 <0.001 Zn 17.70 ± 0.17 18.00 ± 0.20 18.30 ± 0.10 15.90 ± 0.20 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 16.60 ± 0.20 16.55 ± 0.14 16.59 ± 0.16 14.70 ± 0.10 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 With 0.35 ± 0.005 0.38 ± 0.004 0.36 ± 0.005 0.32 ± 0.004 <0.05 <0.01 <0.05 0.29 ± 0.006 0.35 ± 0.005 0.34 ± 0.004 0.28 ± 0.007 <0.001 <0.001 Mn 0.06 ± 0.004 0.09 ± 0.004 0.08 ± 0.004 0.05 ± 0.004 <0.001 <0.01 0.03 ± 0.004 0.06 ± 0.004 0.05 ± 0.003 0,03 ± 0,003 <0.001 <0.001 Note: ^* milk: the first line (colostrum) - on the day of farrowing, the second line - on the 30th day of lactation

The manganese content on the 30th day of lactation is higher in the second group by 0.03 mg / l (50%, P <0.001) than in the control and the first group; 0.01 mg / l (16.7%) than in the third experimental group. An increase in the content of minerals in sows' milk is a positive factor in the nutrition of sucking piglets, as metal ions are involved in metabolic processes necessary for the growth and development of the young organism.

The sows milk content was determined on the 21st day after farrowing, the weight of the nest for weaning was determined on the 60th day. The results are given in table 4.

Table 4 Sows milk and weaning weights Indicators Groups, n = 12 Experienced Control one 2 3 Milkness, kg 41.1 ± 3.4 43.6 ± 1.7 42.5 ± 1.2 38.6 ± 1.2 <0.05 Nest mass, kg 136.2 ± 4.5 144.9 ± 2.6 138.3 ± 2.8 128.6 ± 3.7 <0.01 <0.05

Milk content is higher in the second experimental group by 2.5 (5.7%), and 1.1 kg (2.5%) than in the first and third experimental groups, respectively, and was 43.6 ± 1.7 kg against 38 , 6 ± 1.2 kg in the control, 5 kg more (11.5%, P <0.05). Low milk production in the control group is associated with a deficiency of macro- and micronutrients and vitamins in the main diet of sows during lactation, which leads to impaired protein, carbohydrate, and mineral metabolism, as a result of which milk production and milk production are disrupted, which leads to a decrease in the growth of piglets. This affects the mass of the nest for weaning.

The weight of the nest in the second group is 144.9 ± 2.6 kg, which is 8.7 kg higher (6%, P <0.05) than in the first group; 6.6 kg (4.6%, P <0.05) than in the third group; 16.3 kg (11.2%, P <0.01). An increase in the weight of the nest for weaning shows that the piglets for weaning have a higher mass, which positively affects the effectiveness of subsequent feeding of young animals.

The drug "Minvit L" has a positive effect on the milk production of sows.

The research results showed that the optimal dose of the drug "Minvit L" for lactating sows is 1.4% of the daily feed intake.

Sources sources

1. RU No. 2162287, C1, cl. A23K 1/16, 01/27/2001.

2. RU No. 95100159, A1, cl. A23K 1/00, 05/27/1997.

Claims (1)

A way to improve the quality of milk and milk production of sows, including the introduction of the drug "Minvit L" into the main diet, taking into account the nutritional value of the diets and the animal's nutritional needs, and sows are included in the main diet "Minvit L" 5-10 days before farrowing and during lactation before weaning piglets, daily, mixing with food and feeding in a group way, at a dose of 1.4% of the daily feed intake.