RU2409940C1 - Method of sow productivity increase - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: sow productivity increase method consists in addition of Minvit C preparation to the basic diet dosaged as follows: 0.37% of daily fodder allowance - during the first 84 days of gestation; 0.4% - during the last 30 days of gestation with regard to nutrient value of fodder allowances and the animals' need for nutrients with group mode feeding from productive insemination to farrow.

EFFECT: increased sow productivity, foetus size, multiple foetation rate and litter weight.

6 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of animal husbandry, in particular to pig breeding, and is intended to increase the productivity of sows.

There is a method of increasing the productivity of pregnant sows and the offspring obtained from them, providing an increase in milk production of sows and the safety of piglets, using spinach sorrel [1].

A known method of increasing the productivity of sows, including implantation of iodine under the skin of an animal [2].

A disadvantage of the known methods is the inability to increase productivity with a lack of vitamins, minerals and essential amino acids in the diet of sows and the use of these methods does not make up for the sow's body's need for many minerals and vitamins.

Known methods for the prevention of hypomacro- and microelementoses that promote productivity by normalizing mineral metabolism, using mineral supplements based on inorganic salts, which are absorbed in the body worse than their organic compounds [3, 4].

The present invention is the development of a means of increasing the productivity of sows, which increases the productivity of sows: large-fruited, multiple and the mass of the nest of sows.

The problem is solved in that the proposed method includes introducing into the main diet productivity enhancing agent “Minvit C” containing substances in the form of chelated compounds of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP) with microelements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co), sodium dihydrogen phosphate and vitamins ( A, D ₃ , B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₅ , B ₁₂ , C).

The novelty of the proposed technical solution and inventive step consists in the fact that the diet includes “Minvit C”, 100 g of which contains: Vitamin A (retinol acetate) - 137.46 thousand ME; Vitamin D ₃ (cholecalciferol) - 12.13 thousand ME; Vitamin B ₂ (riboflavin) - 107.31 mg; Vitamin B ₃ (nicotinamide) - 525.49 mg; Vitamin B ₅ (calcium pantothenate) - 400.07 mg; Vitamin B ₁₂ (cyancobalamin) - 600.55 mcg; Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) - 497.45 mg; NaH ₂ PO ₄ - 86.47 g and salts of HEDP with trace elements (Fe - 2545.97 mg; Cu - 1322.55 mg; Zn - 4912.99 mg; Mn - 2639.39 mg; Co - 531.73 mg) .

As a result of using “Minvit S”, the ration is balanced according to the content of minerals in an accessible form and vitamins, which allows normalizing metabolic processes and the course of gestation without any side effects. As a result of the proposed technical solution there is an increase in the productivity of sows.

Productivity enhancer “Minvit C” is a white powder with a grayish tint, odorless; the composition includes substances in the form of complex compounds (HEDP) with trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co), sodium dihydrogen phosphate and vitamins (A, D ₃ , B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₅ , B ₁₂ , C).

Minerals and vitamins are necessary for the body of the animal for the normal functioning of organ systems, maintain resistance and metabolism, and therefore, to ensure the normal course of gestation, growth and development of the fetus and the birth of a large healthy offspring.

The method was carried out as follows.

Example 1. The study of the action of "Minvit C" was carried out on sows of large white breed at the age of 3 years. To work out the dose and effectiveness of the drug, 4 groups were formed, in each group 12 sows. Sows in the control group received a basic diet based on concentrates. The optimal dose of the drug was established experimentally for sows, taking into account the nutritional value of diets and the need of animals for nutrients. Sows in the experimental groups received the Minvit C productivity tool in doses in the main diet in% of the daily feed intake: in the first 0.27, in the second 0.37, in the third 0.47 in the first 84 days of gestation ; in the last 30 days of gestation, the sows received the drug in doses of 0.29, 0.4 and 0.51, respectively, to the main diet (Table 1). Minvit S was fed to sows in a group way with concentrates, daily, during gestation from fruitful insemination to childbirth.

Table 1. The dose of "Minvita C" depending on the physiological need The physiological status of sows The dose of the drug, in% of the daily feed rate Experimental groups, n = 12 one 2 3 Pregnancy (first 84 days) 0.27 0.37 0.47 Pregnancy (last 30 days) 0.29 0.4 0.51

During the experiment, control over live weight and metabolic rate was carried out before the experiment, 30 days before the expected farrowing, 1-5 days before the proposed farrowing.

In the diet there is an excess of calcium and a lack of phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc, manganese and cobalt. In this connection, this diet should be balanced in a number of biologically active substances.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the method depending on the amount of the drug was carried out taking into account the following indicators: condition, multiple fertility, large-fry sows and the mass of the nest after farrowing and on the 21st day after farrowing. The results are presented in tables 2,3.

Table 2. Live weight of sows Live weight kg Groups, n = 12 Experienced Control one 2 3 At the beginning of the experiment 170.1 ± 1.5 170.1 ± 1.2 169.9 ± 1.8 169.9 ± 1.4 On the 84th day of gestation 186.6 ± 1.3 188.0 ± 1.1 187.1 ± 1.1 184.9 ± 1.1 1-5 days before farrowing 206.5 ± 1.2 207.4 ± 1.2 207.1 ± 1.0 200.4 ± 1.2 <0.05 * <0.001 <0.001 On the day of weaning 176.2 ± 2.4 178.4 ± 2.1 176.7 ± 1.9 170.0 ± 1.4 <0.05 <0.001 <0.001 Note: ^* In this and other tables, the confidence coefficient P compared with the control

The live weight of sows compared to control increased to farrowing by 6.1 (3%), 7 (3.4%) and 6.7 (3.2%) kg, and by weaning - by 6.2 (3.5 %), 8.4 (4.7%) and 6.7 (3.8%) kg in the first, second and third experimental groups, respectively (Table 3). The highest result for weaning was shown by animals of the second group - 178.4 ± 2.1 kg, 4.7% more control (P <0.001), 1.2 and 1% more than the live weight of the experimental animals in the first and third groups. Although the live weight of sows between the experimental groups does not have significant differences in such an important physiological period as during weaning, in animals of the second group the live weight is the largest. From these data it follows that the drug improves the conditions of sows due to providing their body with vitamins, minerals and essential amino acids, as a result of which metabolic processes normalize, and plastic and energy-intensive substances accumulate.

The most significant indicators of evaluating the effectiveness of the effect of the drug are productivity indicators: multiple fertility, large-fruited, the mass of the nest after weaning and on the 21st day after farrowing.

Table 3. Sows productivity Indicators Groups, n = 12 Experienced Control one 2 3 The number of pigs in sows Born, goal living 9.2 ± 0.3 10.8 ± 0.4 9.2 ± 0.3 8.75 ± 0.30 <0.001 stillborn 1.0 ± 0.2 0.8 ± 0.2 0.9 ± 0.2 1.25 ± 0.20 Fertility, kg 0.95 ± 0.02 1.04 ± 0.04 1.01 ± 0.02 0.90 ± 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 The mass of the nest after farrowing, kg 9.04 ± 0.28 11.1 ± 0.4 9.38 ± 0.25 8.09 ± 0.29 <0.05 <0.001 <0.05 The mass of the nest on the 21st day
after farrowing, kg 41.5 ± 3.4 53.6 ± 1.7 45.5 ± 1.2 38.6 ± 1.2 <0.001 <0.05

As Table 3 shows, the drug contributed to an increase in multiple pregnancy, a decrease in the number of stillbirth offspring, which is due to the beneficial effect of the drug's nutrients on the reproductive functions of sows. The increase in multiple pregnancy is a positive result, as it contributes to an increase in the repair and feeding stock. Multiple sows were of greatest importance in the 2nd experimental group and amounted to 10.8 piglets, which is 2.05 (19%) more than in the control, P <0.001, 1.6 (14.8%) more than in the first and third experimental groups, P <0.01. The number of stillborn piglets is significantly less in all experimental groups than in the control. Large sows were largest in the second experimental group 1.04 ± 0.04 kg per 0.14 kg (13.5%), more control, P <0.01, 0.09 kg (8.7%), more than in the first experimental group, P <0.05. The increase in large-fruity positively affects the mass of piglets for weaning.

After farrowing, the weight of the nest of sows of the second experimental group is higher by 2.06 (18.6%), P <0.01, and 1.72 kg (12.8%), P <0.05, than respectively the first and third experimental groups, and amounted to 11.1 ± 0.4 kg versus 8.09 ± 0.29 kg in the control, more by 3.01 kg (27.1%), P <0.001, which positively affects the further growth of piglets.

The increase in the mass of the nest by the 21st day after lactation is a consequence of an increase in the multiple pregnancy of sows.

The weight of the nest on the 21st day is higher in the second experimental group by 12.1 (22.6%), P <0.001, and 8.1 kg (15.1%), P <0.01, than in the first and the third experimental groups, and amounted to 53.6 ± 1.7 kg against 38.6 ± 1.2 kg in the control, more by 15 kg (28%), P <0.001. The low weight of the nest in the control group is associated with a deficiency of macro- and micronutrients and vitamins in the main diet of sows during the period of gestation, which leads to disturbances in protein, carbohydrate, and mineral metabolism, resulting in a reduction in sowing and large-fruited sows, as well as growth of piglets, which reduces the mass of the nest.

Example 2. The study of the action of "Minvit C" on metabolism was carried out by analyzing the blood for the content of mineral substances in blood serum and the activity of blood enzymes. The results are given in tables 4-6.

Table 4. The content of calcium and phosphorus in the blood serum of sows Indicators Groups, n = 5 Experienced Control one 2 3 Sa overall, 3.11 ± 0.05 3.12 ± 0.05 3.10 ± 0.04 3.16 ± 0.05 mmol / l 3.18 ± 0.06 3.16 ± 0.05 3.16 ± 0.03 3.20 ± 0.05 3.32 ± 0.05 3.37 ± 0.05 3.27 ± 0.06 3.24 ± 0.05 2.66 ± 0.04 2.62 ± 0.06 2.64 ± 0.06 3.17 ± 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 R inorg., 1.37 ± 0.02 1.36 ± 0.01 1.37 ± 0.01 1.35 ± 0.02 mmol / l 1.28 ± 0.01 1.33 ± 0.02 1.37 ± 0.03 1.34 ± 0.02 1.48 ± 0.01 1.5 ± 0.01 1.46 ± 0.02 1.33 ± 0.02 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 1.3 ± 0.05 1.27 ± 0.12 1.33 ± 0.10 1.33 ± 0.01 Sa: P 2.27 2.29 2.26 2,34 2.48 2,38 2,31 2,39 2.24 2.25 2.24 2.44 2.05 2.06 1.99 2,38 Note: ^* In this and other tables, the first line is at the beginning of the experiment, the second is on the 84th day of gestation, the third is before farrowing, and the fourth after weaning

By the weaning of piglets in the experimental groups, a decrease in the level of total calcium in the blood was observed compared with the control, and the content of inorganic phosphorus increased before farrowing, but by the weaning of the piglets it did not differ from the control. In this case, the normalization of the calcium-phosphorus ratio in the blood occurred - 2.05, 2.06, 1.99, respectively, in the first, second and third experimental groups compared to the control (2.38). The imbalance of calcium and phosphorus in the blood of experimental animals is associated with an excess of calcium and a lack of phosphorus and vitamin D in the main diet. Upon receipt of phosphorus, vitamin D with the drug, this imbalance was eliminated.

Table 5. The mineral content in the blood serum of sows Indicators, Groups, n = 5 μmol / l Experienced Control one 2 3 one 2 3 four 5 Fe 26.48 ± 0.30 26.20 ± 0.32 26.41 ± 0.30 26.68 ± 0.29 29.04 ± 0.39 29.42 ± 0.35 29.60 ± 0.36 27.36 ± 0.33 <0.05 <0.005 <0.005 28.36 ± 0.30 29.91 ± 0.28 29.59 ± 0.31 27.52 ± 0.30 <0.05 <0.05 26.70 ± 0.52 32.04 ± 0.38 30.09 ± 0.40 26.24 ± 0.29 <0.001 <0.001 Cu 38.68 ± 0.32 38.67 ± 0.37 38.71 ± 0.38 38.41 ± 0.32 42.78 ± 0.27 41.42 ± 0.49 41.99 ± 0.46 38.98 ± 0.33 <0.001 <0.005 <0.001 41.84 ± 0.24 44.22 ± 3.20 42.71 ± 0.34 39.35 ± 0.37 <0.05 39.82 ± 0.45 42.72 ± 0.86 43.02 ± 0.35 38.62 ± 0.34 <0.05 <0.005 Mn 0.56 ± 0.01 0.56 ± 0.01 0.56 ± 0.01 0.56 ± 0.01 0.59 ± 0.001 0.59 ± 0.001 0.60 ± 0.002 0.56 ± 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.61 ± 0.002 0.63 ± 0.001 0.61 ± 0.002 0.59 ± 0.001 <0.05 0.57 ± 0.02 0.57 ± 0.02 0.55 ± 0.03 0.55 ± 0.01

Zn 26.02 ± 0.26 25.97 ± 0.28 26.03 ± 0.27 25.86 ± 0.29 28.66 ± 0.28 29.20 ± 0.27 29.19 ± 0.27 26.81 ± 0.27 <0.005 <0.01 <0.01 28.38 ± 0.28 30.08 ± 0.28 28.24 ± 0.26 27.46 ± 0.31 <0.05 25.12 ± 1.58 27.15 ± 0.39 26.90 ± 1.37 26.22 ± 0.29 Co 0.67 ± 0.01 0.66 ± 0.01 0.67 ± 0.01 0.66 ± 0.01 0.71 ± 0.002 0.71 ± 0.004 0.72 ± 0.004 0.66 ± 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.70 ± 0.001 0.75 ± 0.002 0.70 ± 0.002 0.69 ± 0.002 <0.001 0.69 ± 0.003 0.78 ± 0.01 0.73 ± 0.06 0.66 ± 0.01 <0.001

The iron content (table 6) in the blood serum before farrowing had the greatest value in animals of the second experimental group, was 29.91 ± 0.28 μmol / L, which is 2.39 μmol / L more (8%) than in the control (P <0.05), significantly higher than in the first experimental group by 1.55 μmol / L (5.8%), P <0.05. The content of other minerals in the blood serum of sows also increased in farrowing compared to the control, to the greatest extent in the second experimental group: copper - 44.22 ± 3.20 μmol / L, higher by 4.87 μmol / L (11%) than in the control, P <0.05; 2.38 μmol / L (6.8%) than in the first experimental group, P <0.05; Manganese - 0.63 ± 0.001 μmol / L, 0.04 μmol / L higher (6.4%) than in the control, P <0.05; zinc - 30.08 ± 0.28 μmol / l, higher by 2.62 μmol / l (8.7%) than in the control, P <0.05; cobalt - 0.75 ± 0.002 μmol / L (higher by 0.06 μmol / L (8%) than in the control, P <0.001, higher by 0.05 μmol / L (6.7%) than in the first and the third experimental groups, P <0.005). An increase in the content of minerals in the blood serum indicates the activation of mineral metabolism in the body with the use of the drug "Minvit C".

The activity of blood enzymes (Table 6) in the sows of the experimental groups during pregnancy to weaning piglets had no significant differences with the control, which indicates the absence of side effects on the body of sows. The activity of alanine aminotransferase (AlAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT) indicates the state of the liver and myocardium, respectively. The absence of changes in the activity of these enzymes in the experimental groups compared with the control is evidence of the positive effect of Minvit C on the function of the liver of sows. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an indicator of bone tissue. An increase in the activity of this enzyme in the blood may indicate changes in bone tissue and impaired calcium and phosphorus metabolism. The absence of changes in the activity of this enzyme in the blood of animals of the experimental groups compared with the control indicates a positive effect of Minvit C on the bone tissue of sows.

Table 6. The activity of blood enzymes in sows, μmol / l · s Indicators Group, n = 5 Experienced Control one 2 3 AlAT 0.280 ± 0.03 0.257 ± 0.036 0.259 ± 0.039 0.286 ± 0.022 0.296 ± 0.043 0.310 ± 0.035 0.276 ± 0.017 0.304 ± 0.019 0.395 ± 0.036 0.368 ± 0.038 0.357 ± 0.025 0.380 ± 0.016 0.319 ± 0.034 0.264 ± 0.031 0.242 ± 0.015 0.28 ± 0.015 AsAT 0.239 ± 0.026 0.228 ± 0.033 0.214 ± 0.042 0.227 ± 0.018 0.282 ± 0.032 0.322 ± 0.044 0.294 ± 0.031 0.277 ± 0.027 0.357 ± 0.039 0.401 ± 0.033 0.354 ± 0.029 0.331 ± 0.028 0.262 ± 0.024 0.261 ± 0.02 0.242 ± 0.013 0.215 ± 0.018 Alkaline phosphatase 0.255 ± 0.039 0.296 ± 0.045 0.29 ± 0.028 0.276 ± 0.024 0.340 ± 0.04 0,307 ± 0,033 0.256 ± 0.023 0.282 ± 0.022 0.358 ± 0.031 0.315 ± 0.027 0.353 ± 0.022 0.322 ± 0.027 0.238 ± 0.026 0.258 ± 0.018 0.259 ± 0.022 0.274 ± 0.021

Thus, the results of experimental studies evaluating the effectiveness of "Minvit S" in the diet of pregnant sows indicates its positive effect on the productivity of sows and maintaining an optimal level of metabolism in their body. This can be explained by the action of biologically active substances - minerals and vitamins contained in the product. The intake of these substances into the body of the sow contributes to a favorable course of pregnancy, optimal nutrition of the fetus, the birth of large-fruited piglets, an increase in multiple pregnancy and, ultimately, an increase in the productivity of sows.

The results of the studies showed that the optimal dose of Minvit C for pregnant sows in the first 84 days and in the last 30 days of gestation is 0.37 and 0.4% of the daily feed intake, respectively.

Information sources

1. RU No. 2276842, C1, cl. A01K 67/02, 05.27.2006.

2. RU No. 98103695, A, cl. A01K 67/02, December 20, 1999.

3. RU No.2117477, C1, cl. A61K 31/00, 08.20.1998.

4. Polysalt trace elements. Specifications TU-46-12-612-79.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the productivity of sows, including the introduction into the main diet of the means of increasing productivity "Minvit C" in doses: 0.37% of the daily feed rate - in the first 84 days of gestation; 0.4% - in the last 30 days of gestation, taking into account the nutritional value of diets and the animal's need for nutrients when fed in a group way from fruitful insemination to farrowing.