RU2406765C2 - Method of unhairing pelts of rabbits using enzyme preparation protosubtilin g10h - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method refers to unhairing pelts of rabbits with the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10H and can be used in the leather industry. Rabbit pelts obtained by a mechanical removal in a slaughterhouse are cleaned from mechanical impurities, slits of connective and muscular tissue. Then they are treated with a solution of sodium sulfide at a concentration of 1% for 2 hours. The pelts are squeezed and treated with a solution of enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10H at a concentration of 0.7-1%. The treatment is carried out at a temperature 37-40°C and pH of process fluid 7-7.5 for 4-5 hours with stirring. The pelts are then squeezed, hair is removed, skin and hair are washed with water and dried.

EFFECT: improvement of quality of leather and wool, intensification of the process, improvement of safety and ecological compatibility of production, cost reduction of finished products.

1 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to light industry and can be used in the processing of fur raw materials.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a method of obtaining leather and wool, including soaking, their coatings, enzymatic treatment, removal of wool, golling of the gole and subsequent skin dressing [SU 1306481, A3].

The disadvantage of this method is that prior to the enzymatic treatment of the hides, a preliminary non-swelling acid pickling is carried out at 20-30 ° C for 6-48 hours, and then neutralization or alkalization of the pickled hides is carried out. In this case, for acid pickling, a solution is used that contains, g / l: sodium chloride in an amount of 30-80, ammonium sulfate - 5-10, inorganic or organic acid - 4-15 and nonionic surfactant (0.5) -1.5.

An object of the invention is to develop a method for dehairing rabbit skins using the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10X, which allows:

- to intensify the process of dehydration through the use of an enzyme preparation;

- get high quality leather and wool;

- increase the safety and environmental friendliness of production;

- reduce the cost of finished products.

To solve the technical problem of the invention, a method for hairless rabbit skins using the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10X is proposed, characterized in that the rabbit skins obtained by mechanical removal in a slaughterhouse, cleaned of mechanical impurities, cuts of the connective and muscle tissue, are treated with sodium sulfide solution with a concentration 1% for 2 hours, then the skins are squeezed and placed in a container equipped with a stirrer, filled with a solution of the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10X with concentration of 0.7-1% so that the skin was completely immersed in the solution of the enzyme preparation, and processing is carried out at a temperature of 37-40 ° C and a pH of the working fluid of 7-7.5, for 4-5 hours, with stirring the speed of the mixer 180 min ^-1 . After the enzymatic treatment, the skin is slightly wrung out, the coat is removed, the skin and coat are washed with water and dried.

The technical result consists in the intensification of the process of dehairing due to the exclusion of operations: soaking and degreasing, which allows to reduce the processing of skins by 1.5-2 times, increasing the environmental friendliness of the process, which additionally allows wool to be obtained in the manufacture of leathers.

The method of dehairing rabbit skins using the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10x is as follows.

As an enzyme preparation, Protosubtilin G10X with a standard activity of 100 units, an optimum pH of 7.2-7.6, an optimum temperature of 40 ° C, (STP 100-02-88, introduced 23.03.88), manufactured on an industrial scale, are used Vyshnevolotsk factory of enzyme preparations (settlement Zelenogorsk, Tver region). Skins of rabbits obtained by mechanical removal in a slaughterhouse, cleaned of mechanical impurities, cuts of the connective and muscle tissue, treated with a solution of sodium sulfide with a concentration of 1% for 2 hours, then the skins are squeezed and placed in a container equipped with a stirrer, filled with enzyme solution Protosubtilin G10X with a concentration of 0.7-1% so that the skin is completely immersed in a solution of the enzyme preparation, and the treatment is carried out at a temperature of 37-40 ° C and a working fluid pH of 7-7.5, for 4-5 hours under stirring with the stirrer speed to 180 min ^-1. After the enzymatic treatment, the skin is slightly wrung out, the coat is removed, the skin and coat are washed with water and dried. The method of dehairing rabbit skins using the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10x is illustrated by the following example.

Example 1

Samples of 5 × 5 cm in size pre-treated skins in a solution of sodium sulfide with a concentration of 1% for 2 hours, placed in flasks with a capacity of 250 ml and filled with a solution of the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10X with a concentration of 0.7% so that the skin was completely immersed in a solution of an enzyme preparation. Processing is carried out for 4-5 hours. To intensify the hydrolysis process, vibration shaking or stirring with a rotation frequency of 180 min ^{-1 is used} . After 4-5 hours of enzymatic treatment, the skin is slightly wrung out, the hair is removed, the skin and hair are washed with water and dried.

To assess the effect of the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10X on the rabbit skin during processing, the following were recorded: a change in the amount of total dissolved protein (biuret method) of working fluids, a change in the effort of hair detachment using a ZM-10 tensile testing machine. The skin tensile strength is usually determined by the tensile strength - tensile load per unit cross-sectional area of the sample.

Insufficient tensile strength of leathers leads to defects in the manufacturing process of products, reduces their wear resistance.

The value of tensile strength depends on the feedstock, type of tanning, leather finish.

The dynamics of the study of the deformation of the test samples from the applied load are presented in the drawing.

The drawing shows that the sample has a greater margin of safety compared to a control of 30.5%.

If the skin is treated with a solution of an enzyme preparation with a concentration of less than 0.7%, then this amount will not be enough to dehair the skins that can provide a positive effect, and if the skin is treated with a solution of an enzyme preparation with a concentration of more than 0.7%, or with higher activity, then the quality skin and coat will be low, their strength will decrease

The optimal processing time for rabbit skins with a 0.7% solution of the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10X is 4-5 hours.

If you keep the skin of rabbits in a solution of an enzyme preparation for less than 4 hours, then this time will not be enough, the quality of the skin and coat will not be high.

The proposed method for dehairing rabbit skins using the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10X allows you to:

- to intensify the process of dehairing by eliminating the operations of soaking and degreasing, which allows to reduce the processing of skins by 1.5-2 times;

- the technology is environmentally friendly, allowing you to additionally get wool in the manufacture of leathers;

- the use of new technology will improve the environmental safety of production by eliminating from the production process sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, inorganic or organic acid surface-active substances (surfactants);

- the use of enzymatic dehydration will significantly reduce the production cycle and prevent economic losses.

Claims (1)

The method of dehairing rabbit skins using the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10X, characterized in that the rabbit skins obtained by mechanical removal in a slaughterhouse, cleaned of mechanical impurities, cuts of the connective and muscle tissue, are treated with a solution of sodium sulfide with a concentration of 1% for 2 hours , then the skins are squeezed and placed in a container equipped with a stirrer, filled with a solution of the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10X with a concentration of 0.7-1% so that the skin is completely w is immersed in a solution of an enzyme preparation, and processing is carried out at a temperature of 37-40 ° C and pH 7-7.5 working fluid for 4-5 hours, with stirring, the stirrer speed to 180 min ^-1, after enzymatic treatment sandpaper gently squeeze, remove wool, wash skin and coat with water and dry.

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