RU2406511C1 - Medication for horse adaptation to sports loadings and method of its application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, veterinary. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to veterinary, namely to methods of horse adaptations to sports loadings. Medication includes extract from reindeer antlers, stabilisers nipagin and nipasol 1,2-propylene glycol with specified component ratio. Method of applying medication for horse adaptation for sports loadings lies in intramuscular introduction of said medication in dose 5 ml per head, trice, with 5 days interval. ^ EFFECT: application of claimed medication considerably accelerates adaptation of organism to sports loadings and favours recovery of animals after loading in optimal terms. ^ 2 cl, 9 tbl

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, and in particular to methods of adapting horses to sports loads.

Known drugs and methods of adapting horses to sports loads, including the introduction of horses to drugs that enhance the immune system and disease prevention. Such drugs include the preparations “Gamavit”, “Fosprenil” (RF Patent No. 2005475 C1 01.10.91 and RF Patent No. 2177788 C2 01.06.98).

However, the use of these drugs and methods has several disadvantages.

The disadvantage of using "Gamavit" and "Fosprenil" is the long-term administration of a large amount of the drug. For example, Gamavit is recommended to be administered to horses 20–25 ml intramuscularly twice a week for 1–1.5 months. At the same time, the time spent by veterinarians increases, the amount of drug needed per animal, the number of injections per head (with a full course of 8-10 injections). In addition, Gamavit has less pronounced adaptive properties. The drug "Fosprenil" is often used for the prevention of infectious diseases, as well as for their treatment, as a stimulant of natural resistance and immunity.

Also known is a preparation (biologically active additive) and a method for its use, which is a fine powder of reindeer antlers. The supplement is fed to horses by mixing with a small amount of moistened feed (oats) (Materials of the international scientific and practical conference "Problems of the development of horse breeding and equestrian sports in Russia", September 16-17, 2003, Novosibirsk, pp. 116-121).

The disadvantage of this drug and the method of its use is the poor eatability of the feed with the addition of a biological additive (the specific smell of the drug discourages horses), as well as a rather long course of use, which significantly increases labor costs.

The closest solution to the problem is the drug "Velcornin" and the method of its use. This preparation is a tonic of reindeer antlers with a high content of biologically active substances from extracting raw materials (antlers) (RF Patent No. 2008906 A61K 35/32, A61K 35/12 dated 03.15.1994).

However, Velkornin is an alcohol solution and practically cannot be used for horses for injection, as it causes a focus of irritation with subsequent inflammation at the injection site. The use of this drug inside is also almost impossible due to the biological characteristics of this animal species. The dose and frequency of use for adaptation of horses to sports loads have not been studied either.

The task of the invention is to expand the arsenal of tools that reduce the recovery time of horses after intense load and methods of their use.

The problem is solved in that in the preparation for adapting horses to sports loads, including an extract from antlers of reindeer, stabilizers and a filler, according to the invention, nipazole and nipagin are used as stabilizers, as a filler 1,2-propylene glycol, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

deer antler extract - 25-30, nipagin - 0.04-0.07, nipazole - 0,023-0,03, 1,2-propylene glycol rest.

The problem is also solved by the fact that in the method of using the drug to adapt horses to sports loads, including the introduction of the drug, according to the invention, the drug is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 5 ml per head, three times, with an interval of 5 days.

The drug was prepared as follows.

The preparation was prepared according to the methodology of V. G. Shelepov and N. S. Osintsev (RF Patent No. 2008906 dated 03.15.1994) by phased extraction of antlers of reindeer. The resulting extract was filtered, separated from alcohol by evaporation in a water bath. Then the extract was diluted with 1,2-propylene glycol pre-sterilized in an autoclave at 0.5 atm for 30 minutes, stabilizers nipazole (propylene ether of paraoxybenzoic acid) and nipagin (methyl ether of paraoxybenzoic acid) were added. The bottles were sealed, closed with pre-sealed corks and metal caps for running-in.

The resulting preparation on biochemical and biological properties met the requirements as a tonic (biologically active additive). Table 1 shows the mineral composition of the proposed drug and the drug "Velcornin", mg / kg:

Table 1 Element Experienced drug Velkornin one 2 3 AT 0.565 ± 0.054 0.74 ± 0.038 Wa 0.445 ± 0.026 0.55 ± 0.035 Be <0.0001 <0.0001 Sa 43.9325 ± 2.65 34.76 ± 1.35 Cd <0.0001 0.0041 With <0.001 <0.001 Cr <0.01 <0.01 Cu 1.06 ± 0.056 0.12 ± 0.012 Fe 2.19 ± 0.34 2.00 ± 0.35 Mg 41.325 ± 2.14 26.69 ± 1.54 Mn 0.030 ± 0.002 0.0195 ± 0.004 Mo <0.001 <0.001 Na 532.075 ± 11.64 442.52 ± 15.47 Ni 0.050 ± 0.002 0.046 ± 0.002 Se 0.0465 ± 0.002 0.032 ± 0.001 Sr 0.315 ± 0.042 0.165 ± 0.052 Ti 0.465 ± 0.064 0.67 ± 0.054 Zn 0.745 ± 0.024 0.42 ± 0.034

Table 2 presents data on the level of fatty acids in the experimental preparation and the drug "Velcornin", g / kg

table 2 Indicators Experienced drug Velkornin Lauric C12: 0 1.91 ± 0.03 0.34 ± 0.08 Myristic C14: 0 0.91 ± 0.03 0.56 ± 0.15 Palmitic C16: 0 36.39 ± 0.61 34.03 ± 0.78 Palmitoolein C16: 1 8.33 ± 0.32 0.98 ± 0.015 Stearic C18: 0 6.27 ± 0.035 6.47 ± 0.48 Oleic C18: 1 35.98 ± 0.58 33.18 ± 0.63 Linoleic C18: 2 13.50 ± 0.73 20.06 ± 0.45 Lenolenic S18: 3 2.37 ± 0.05 1.42 ± 0.03 Arachin C20: 0 0.51 ± 0.07 0.28 ± 0.001 Saturated 45.99 ± 0.21 41.68 ± 0.30 Unsaturated 60.18 ± 0.42 55.64 ± 0.31 Amount 106.17 ± 0.30 97.32 ± 0.31

The amino acid composition in the experimental preparation and the preparation "Velkonin", in%, is shown in table 3.

Table 3 Indicators Experienced drug Velcornine (control) one 2 3 Isoleucine 0.05 ± 0.002 0.02 ± 0.001 Threonine 1.22 ± 0.012 0.68 ± 0.034 Serine 1.01 ± 0.035 0.78 ± 0.022 Glycine 1.23 ± 0.03 0.99 ± 0.034 Alanine 1.59 ± 0.016 1.02 ± 0.011 Valine 1.30 ± 0.021 0.76 ± 0.023 Methionine 0.42 ± 0.002 0.18 ± 0.002 Glutamine 3.86 ± 0.344 2.86 ± 0.072 Proline 1.23 ± 0.008 0.12 ± 0.001 Phenylalanine 0.88 ± 0.007 0.47 ± 0.006 Lysine 2.77 ± 0.034 1.69 ± 0.045 Arginine 1.28 ± 0.015 0.92 ± 0.006 Amount 16.83 ± 0.54 10.49 ±

The vitamin content in the experimental preparation and the drug "Velcornin" (in (mg / kg)) are shown in table 4.

Table 4 Indicators Experienced drug Velcornine (control) one 2 BUT 17.10 ± 0.21 8.13 ± 0.14 E 5.87 ± 0.055 2.46 ± 0.025 IN 1 0.58 ± 0.002 0.18 ± 0.001 IN 2 0.88 ± 0.004 0.44 ± 0.007 IN 3 8.87 ± 0.023 3.02 ± 0.022 AT 6 1.17 ± 0.009 0.49 ± 0.005 AT 5 59.07 ± 1.45 19.89 ± 0.89 B12, mcg / kg 39.15 ± 1.01 19.65 ± 1.15

The hormone content in the experimental drug and the drug "Velcornin" is shown in table 5.

Table 5 Indicators Experienced drug Velcornine (control) one 2 3 Estradiol, pg / ml 3920.0 ± 23.7 1140.0 ± 22.4 Follicle-stimulating, µ And units / ml 0.263 ± 0.01 0.223 ± 0.03 Thyroid-stimulating, µ And units / ml 0.068 ± 0.002 0.102 ± 0.013 Thyroxine, nmol / L 24.67 ± 0.82 18.35 ± 0.63 Testosterone ng / ml 15.18 ± 0.76 6.43 ± 0.45 Progesterone, ng / ml 7.74 ± 0.99 4.80 ± 0.2 P <0.05

Thus, the presented data on the mineral, amino acid, vitamin composition, the level of hormones and fatty acids allow us to conclude that the proposed drug meets all the requirements for dietary supplements, and for some indicators has a higher level than the drug "Velcornin."

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. Determination of the optimal dose of the drug.

To work out the dose of the proposed drug, during the period of intensive training (preparation for the competition), 9 experimental and 1 control group of horses were formed according to the principle of analogues of 3 animals each (stallions and geldings aged 8-10 years). All animals were kept in similar conditions, received the same sports load. Table 6 presents the various doses of the drug and the frequency of their administration.

Table 6 Dose of the drug, ml 3 5 10 No drug one 2 3 four 5 10 injections every three days 5-7 5-7 9-11 7-9 3 injections every 5 days 7-9 3-5 3-5 7-9 3 injections every 10 days 7-9 5-7 3-5 7-9

From the results shown in table 6, it is seen that the recovery of horses after exercise was faster when the drug was administered in doses of 5 ml (once every 5 days 3 injections) and 10 ml (three times with an interval of 5 days and three times with an interval of 10 days) . Since the achieved effect from the administration of these doses was similar, the optimal dose was selected according to the effectiveness, frequency of administration, consumption of the drug, i.e. a dose of 5 ml three times with an interval of 5 days. The total consumption of the drug was 15 ml. Side effects in all cases of the use of the drug were absent or were insignificant and in some cases were manifested by the appearance of small painless swelling (1-2 cm in diameter), disappearing within 1-2 days.

Example 2. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the drug. During the eventing trials, an experimental and control group of horses was formed on the basis of analogues of 8 animals each (gelding, age 8-10 years). All animals carried the same sports load - riding, cross, jumping. The drug was injected a month before the competition in a dose of 5 ml three times with an interval of 5 days intramuscularly. The effectiveness of therapy was evaluated by reducing the severity of the clinical manifestations of fatigue in the experimental and control groups.

The criteria for assessing the load tolerance (recovery) were: physical condition in the training (after step-by-step posting), results of show jumping on the 3rd day of the competition, restoration of heart rate and breathing after 15 minutes of trotting on the cord.

Clinical indicators of horse recovery after exercise:

A) Physical condition in the training (points), after 15 minutes of posting in steps:

1 - free movement;

2 - apparent weakness of muscle tone;

3 - reluctant movement;

4 - stiffness on the move;

B) Results of the show jumping on the 3rd day of the competition (points),

1 - jump cleanliness (up to 4 penalty points);

2 - jump purity (up to 12 penalty points);

3 - jump cleanliness (up to 16 penalty points), delayed response to controls - 1-2 "showers";

4 - jump cleanliness (16 and above penalty points), poor controllability - several bouquets - removal from the route;

B) Recovery of heart rate and respiration after 15 minutes of trotting on the cord (points):

1 - recovery in 5-7 minutes;

2 - recovery in 12-15 minutes;

3 - recovery in 15-20 minutes;

4 - recovery of more than 20 minutes.

The maximum severity of each trait was 4 points. According to the results, the total symptom severity index (SIWS) was calculated. The recovery time of horses after an intense load is shown in table 7.

Table 7 Group The number of days of recovery after intense exercise (SIWS) one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 Control (without drug) 8.7 5.9 4.8 4.2 3.3 2.1 1.7 1,5 one Experience (with the drug) 6.7 3.6 2.6 1,1 one one one one one

From the results shown in table 2, it is seen that the horses of the experimental group recovered faster after a competitive load. The horses of the experimental group on day 5 showed the minimum number of points (= 1), corresponding to the indicators of full clinical recovery, while the horses of the control group reached this indicator only on the 9th day after the competition. The number of points on the first day is higher in all groups, since the results of jumping were taken into account only on the first day after the cross. This is the most significant indicator of horse recovery after a cross country race.

The results of biochemical studies of blood serum of animals of the experimental and control groups are shown in table 8.

The glycolytic mechanism of ATP resynthesis in skeletal muscle ends with the formation of lactic acid, which then enters the bloodstream. Its content in the blood increases significantly during intensive work. The accumulation of lactic acid in the blood coincides with its increased formation in the muscles.

From the results shown in the table, it can be seen that the lactic acid content in the blood serum of horses of the experimental group, after administration of the drug, was significantly lower: at rest (p <0.01), immediately after an intense load and an hour after it, in comparison with horses of the control group and background indicators of both groups. Thus, the use of the drug we offer reliably contributes to the improvement of anaerobic processes and energy savings in the animal body.

The rate of utilization of lactic acid during rest is one of the indicators of carbohydrate metabolism, used to assess the recovery of the body after exercise. So, in the experimental group it is significantly higher (p <0.01) of the background and control indicators.

The concentration of glucose in the blood serum of animals of the control group after an intense load was significantly reduced (p <0.01), which indicates a partial depletion of the energy reserves of the body. However, in animals of the experimental group (treated with the drug), fluctuations in the level of glucose in the blood serum were insignificant. Therefore, the use of the drug contributes to a more economical expenditure of carbohydrates in the body of animals at high loads. The total protein content in the blood serum of experimental animals changed slightly under the influence, while in the animals of the control group, after physical activity, the total protein indicators decreased (Table 8).

With significant physical exertion in the blood serum of horses, the isoform of the creatinine phosphatase (CPK) enzyme produced by skeletal muscle is determined. If physical activity causes a significant release of enzymes from the tissue into the bloodstream and their long circulation in it during the rest period, this indicates a low level of fitness, and possibly a pre-pathological borderline state of the body. In our studies, background CPK indices did not significantly differ in the experimental and control groups. At the end of the experiment, a significant decrease in CPK indices (117.75 ± 8.6) compared to the background (297.7 ± 3.3 (p <0.05)) and CPK indices (170.5 ± 11.9) of the control group. Thus, the above data show the adaptogenic effect of our drug for horses during exercise. The decrease in CPK (170.5 ± 11.9) in horses of the control group compared to the background (276.7 ± 10.3) is explained by an increase in the training of the animal organism during the competition period.

Changing the hormone content in the blood of animals is also one of the indicators of the adaptive capacity of the body to physical activity. The study of the level of cortisol in the blood is appropriate for assessing the mobilization reserves of the body. Cortisol is the main "stress hormone" and by increasing its concentration in the blood determine the body's response to physical activity. The results of a study of the blood serum of experimental animals showed (Table 8) that in horses that were injected with the drug, the level of cortisol after exercise was 131.71 ± 7.3 and did not significantly differ from background values (124.83 ± 6.0), whereas in the control group, cortisol indices (172.1 ± 7.2) were significantly higher than background ones -122.8 ± 8.6 (p <0.05). Adaptation of the body to physical activity is manifested by the lack of growth of cortisol in the blood, which, in turn, is indirectly confirmed by the regulation of glucose and total protein in the blood described above.

Monitoring the dynamics of changes in biochemical parameters of the functional state of the liver allowed us to conclude that the use of the proposed preparation from antlers of reindeer does not have a toxic effect on the hepatobiliary system of animals (table 3), indicators of AcAT, ALT, bilirubin, GGT are within the physiological norm and do not differ from those in control animals.

Example 3. The effect of the proposed drug on the performance of trotters agility. Under the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk hippodrome, 2 groups of horses (n = 5), Oryol trotters of 3 years of age, were selected on the basis of analogues. The animals belonged to the same training department, carried the same competitive and training load. The horses of the experimental group three times with an interval of 5 days were injected intramuscularly with the test drug in a dose of 5 ml. To determine the effectiveness of the drug, the best indicators of agility were evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the running season. The average best agility of horses of the experimental group by the end of the season was 2 m 18 s, and in the control group 2 m 24 s.

The speed indices of trotters of the experimental and control groups at the beginning and end of the running season are shown in table 9.

Table 9 Groups The best agility (travel time) at a distance of 1600 m (m, s) Season start End of season Experience 2, 28 ± 0.03 2, 18 ± 0.026 * The control 2, 26 ± 0.029 2, 24 ± 0.022 Note: ρ is the reliability of the results compared with the control. * p <0.1

Thus, from table 9 it is seen that, along with an increase in fitness in animals, muscle fatigue accumulates by the end of the season and performance indicators practically do not change, or their slight decrease occurs. The proposed drug can reduce overall fatigue, increases stamina to physical activity.

Thus, the use of the proposed drug significantly accelerates the adaptation of the body to sports loads and helps to restore animals after exercise in the optimal time.

Claims (2)

1. A preparation for adapting horses to sports loads, including an extract from reindeer antlers, stabilizers, a filler, characterized in that nipazole and nipagin are used as stabilizers, 1,2-propylene glycol is a filler, in the following ratio of components, wt.% :
deer antler extract 25-30 nipagin 0,047-0,07 nipazole 0,023-0,03 1,2-propylene glycol rest 2. A method of adapting horses to sports loads, including administering a drug, characterized in that the drug according to claim 1 is administered intramuscularly, at a dose of 5 ml per head, three times, with an interval of 5 days.