RU2403470C1 - Transfer gear for three-axis wheeled vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: transfer gear is intended to be used in driveline of three-axis wheeled vehicle and contains housing (1) in the form of casing with parallel carrying walls (2) and (3). Input shaft (4) with gear wheel (5) is installed in the wall (2) and cover (7). In the wall (3) and cover (10), shaft (9) is installed coaxially with the shaft (4) for actuating the rear driving axle. The shat (9) is connected with the shaft (4) via gear clutch (8). In the walls (2, 3), intermediate shaft (15) is installed. It has gear wheel (14) engaged with gear wheel (17) installed in walls (2, 3) on bearings (18). Output shafts (19) and (20) for actuating the front driving axle and another rear driving axle are interconnected via cone-shaped differential gear (21) covered with cap (24). Carrier (22) of the gear (21) is made in the form of stepped socket the journal (23) of which is inserted into axial hole in the gear wheel (17).

EFFECT: increased reliability of transfer gear and its functionality enhancement.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to wheeled vehicles. It concerns the transfer case of the transmission of a three-axle wheeled vehicle.

There are various designs of transfer cases for multi-axle wheeled vehicles, shown in copyright certificate No. 1055664 issued in the USSR, in patent of the Russian Federation No. 2149773, in security documents issued in Germany No. 3942069, in the USA No. 4280583, in France No. 2583354.

The closest analogue is a transfer case for a vehicle, presented in USSR author's certificate No. 522971, containing a housing in which the input shaft with the gear wheel is located, the first output shaft mounted in a separate support coaxially with the input shaft with the possibility of communication with the gear a clutch for driving a power take-off shaft, an intermediate shaft with a gear wheel meshing with a gear wheel of the input shaft, second and third output shafts for driving the front and two rear driving mos s, connected to each other through a planetary differential mechanism located inside the housing, on the carrier of the differential mechanism is fixed a gear wheel meshing with a gear wheel freely mounted on the intermediate shaft with the possibility of coupling with a gear clutch, in addition, a gear wheel is freely mounted on the carrier a wheel with the possibility of communication with him gear coupling and constantly engaged with the gear wheel of the intermediate shaft. However, with this embodiment of the transfer case, a relatively large length of its shafts is obtained, due to which their rigidity decreases and, accordingly, the gearing conditions of the gears are worsened. In addition, with such a transfer case, a constant rigid connection is obtained between the rear drive axles, due to which parasitic power circulation can occur between them, causing increased wear of tires and gears of the rear drive axles.

The task is to create a transfer case for a three-axle wheeled vehicle with reduced axial dimensions to improve gearing conditions for the gears, which makes it possible to turn off the drive of one of the rear driving axles when the wheeled vehicle moves along paved roads and turn on its drive when driving on the ground.

The solution to this problem is provided by the fact that the transfer case for a three-axle wheeled vehicle contains a housing made in the form of a case with load-bearing walls parallel to each other, an input shaft with a gear mounted on rolling bearings in the housing wall and in its cover, the output a shaft for driving the rear drive axle, mounted coaxially with the input shaft with the possibility of communication with a gear clutch and having a support inside the input shaft and in another housing cover, mounted in the walls of the housing and on rolling bearings, an intermediate shaft with an intermediate gear located on it, having a permanent engagement with the input gear gear, mounted on the rolling walls of the housing on a rolling bearings, a gear having a permanent gear with the intermediate gear, coaxially located output shafts for driving the front drive axle and another rear drive axle, connected by a conical differential mechanism, which is located outside the housing and closed With this, attached to the housing wall, the carrier of the differential mechanism is made in the form of a stepped cartridge whose neck of a smaller diameter is inserted into the axial hole in the gear wheel engaged with the intermediate gear wheel and fixed in it.

With this embodiment of the transfer case, characterized by the above set of features, by rational placement of gears and a differential mechanism, the axial dimensions of the transfer case are reduced and, accordingly, the distance between the bearing walls of the housing in which the shaft supports are located is reduced. This helps to increase the stiffness of the shafts, reduce their deformation under load and, therefore, improve the gearing conditions of the gears, which increases the reliability of the transfer case. At the same time, it is possible to turn off the drive of one of the rear driving axles when the wheeled vehicle is moving along a paved road and turning on the drive of this driving axle when driving on the ground.

In the cap is a device for forcing the differential mechanism when the wheeled vehicle moves on soft ground.

The transfer case of a three-axle wheeled vehicle, shown in the drawing, comprises a housing 1 made in the form of a case with load-bearing walls 2 and 3 parallel to each other and equally spaced along their entire length, which absorb the main load during gear operation. In the housing 2 is located the input shaft 4, having a drive from the power plant of the wheeled vehicle. A gear wheel 5 is made at the same time with the input shaft. The input shaft 4 is mounted on tapered roller bearings 6 in the wall 3 of the housing 1 and in its cover 7 attached to the wall 2. An output gear 4 is connected coaxially with the input shaft 4 and can be connected to it by a controlled gear coupling 8 shaft 9 for driving one of the rear drive axles. The shaft 9 has a support inside the input shaft 4 and in the cover 10 of the housing attached to the supporting wall 3. Inside the cover 10 on the rod 11 of the power member 12 there is a fork 13 that moves the gear coupling 8. With the gear 5 has an intermediate gear 14, fixed on the intermediate shaft 15 in the middle between the walls 2, 3. The intermediate shaft 15 is installed in the housing 1 on tapered bearings 16 located in the bearing walls 2, 3 and covered by covers attached to these walls. With the gear wheel 14 of the intermediate shaft, the gear wheel 17 is permanently engaged, mounted in the bearing walls of the housing 1 in the middle between them on tapered bearings 18, covering the hub of the gear wheel 17.

The transfer case contains coaxially located output shafts 19 and 20 for drive through cardan drives of the front drive axle and another rear drive axle. The shafts 19 and 20 are kinematically connected to each other by means of a bevel differential mechanism 21, consisting of a carrier 22, bevel gears connected to the shafts 19, 20, and bevel satellites located inside the carrier 22 for interconnecting said bevel gears. The carrier 22 is made in the form of a stepped cartridge, the neck 23 of which is of a smaller diameter is inserted into the axial hole made in the gear wheel 17 and fixed in it. The neck 23 of the aforementioned cartridge is connected with the gearwheel 17 surrounding it by means of a press or splined connection.

The differential mechanism 21 is located outside the housing 1 and is closed by a cap 24 attached to the housing 1 and its supporting wall 2. In the cap 24 is a device 25 for blocking the differential mechanism 21 when the wheeled vehicle moves on soft ground.

When a wheeled vehicle moves along a paved road, the rotary (torque) moment coming from the power unit to the input shaft 4 is transmitted through gears 5, 14, 17 constantly engaged to each other to the carrier 22 of the differential mechanism and distributed between the front drive axle having drive from shaft 19, and a rear drive axle having a drive from shaft 20.

Before driving on a dirt road, as well as on weak soil in a meadow or arable land, connect the output shaft 9 to the input shaft 4 with a gear clutch 8 and, if necessary, block the differential mechanism 21. Then the turning moment enters all the driving axles, which increases the cross-country ability of the wheeled vehicle, especially when driving on soft ground, on which the tire grip is weak.

During the transmission of a turning moment through the transfer case for driving the drive axles, all its gears, due to their placement in the middle between the bearing walls on the short shafts, have optimal gearing conditions between themselves, which increases the reliability of the transfer case. At the same time, when moving on paved roads to reduce resistance to movement, include the drive of only one of the rear drive axles with the front drive axle turned on and the ability to drive both of the rear drive axles when driving on a dirt road to increase traction, as well as the ability to increase to pass on soft ground to block the drive of all the driving axles expands the functionality of the transfer case.

Claims (2)

1. Transfer case of a three-axle wheeled vehicle, comprising a housing made in the form of a case with load-bearing walls parallel to each other at the same distance, an input shaft with a gear mounted on rolling bearings in the housing wall and in its cover, an output shaft for driving the rear drive a bridge mounted coaxially with the input shaft with the possibility of communication with a gear clutch and having a support inside the input shaft and in another housing cover, mounted in the walls of the housing on the rolling bearings intermediate a shaft with an intermediate gear located on it, having a constant engagement with the input gear gear, mounted on the rolling walls of the housing on the rolling bearings, a gear having a constant gear with the intermediate gear, coaxially located output shafts for driving the front drive axle and another rear drive axle having communication with each other by means of a conical differential mechanism, which is located outside the housing and is closed by a cap attached to the wall of the housing, Dilo differential mechanism made in the form of a stepped cartridge neck is of smaller diameter inserted into an axial bore in the toothed wheel, meshes with an intermediate gear, and fixed therein. 2. Transfer case according to paragraph 1, characterized in that in the cap is a device for blocking the differential mechanism.