RU2401677C1 - Chamber of low-factor foam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fire-fighting equipment, namely to systems of fire extinguishing in reservoirs with highly inflammable liquids (HIL). In chamber of low factor foam, containing foam generator, connected with cylindrical body, which has detachable bottom and discontinuous preventive membrane, simultaneously isolative cavity of body with foam generator from internal cavity of reservoir. Into internal volume of reservoir opens coaxially located with cylindrical body cylindrical tip, which ends with gap orifice, having nozzles of rectangular section, forming fantail foam jet, section of one of nozzles being in plane, parallel to axis of cylindrical tip and perpendicular to axis of foam generator, sections of other nozzles being located in plane, inclined to plane of connecting flange and being symmetrical with respect to vertical axis of cylindrical tip. Foam generator contains cylindrical body with flanges on butt ends, in one of which placed is nozzle for supply of foam former water solution and in lateral surface of body - branch-pipe for air supply, and placed inside the body opposite the nozzle mixing chamber.

EFFECT: increase of efficiency of foam generator, producing foam of low factor at boundary values of foam generator operation conditions.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, and in particular to fire extinguishing systems in tanks with flammable liquids (LVF).

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a foam generator (description of RF patent No. 2145680, MKI 7 F04F 5/02, publ. 02.20.2000), containing a cylindrical body with flanges at the ends, in one of which a nozzle is installed for supplying an aqueous solution of a foaming agent, and in the side surface of the casing there is a radial gas supply pipe installed inside the casing opposite the nozzle is a cylindrical mixing chamber with expansion at the inlet and a cone-shaped diffuser at its exit.

A disadvantage of the known foam generator is the inability to produce foam of low multiplicity at boundary values of the operating conditions of the foam generator.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the foam generator that produces foam of low multiplicity with boundary values of the operating conditions of the foam generator.

This is achieved by the fact that in the low-foam chamber containing a foam generator that is connected to a cylindrical body having a removable bottom and a bursting safety membrane installed in the body, the cylindrical body has a docking flange in which a bursting safety membrane is installed that simultaneously insulates the body cavity with the foam generator from the inner cavity of the tank, and a cylindrical tip coaxially located with the cylindrical body extends into the inner volume of the tank k, ending with a slotted nozzle having rectangular nozzles forming a fan stream of foam, with a cut of one of the nozzles lying in a plane parallel to the axis of the cylindrical tip and perpendicular to the axis of the foam generator, and sections of other nozzles lying in a plane inclined to the plane of the docking flange, and symmetric about the vertical axis of the cylindrical tip, and the foam generator contains a cylindrical body with flanges at the ends, in one of which there is a nozzle for supplying an aqueous solution of foam the nozzle, and in the side surface of the housing there is a nozzle for supplying air, and a mixing chamber installed inside the housing opposite the nozzle, while the nozzle for supplying an aqueous solution of a foaming agent has a conical part connected to a flange for supplying an aqueous solution of a foaming agent, and a cylindrical part coaxial to it, mounted opposite confuser of the mixing chamber, and in the side surface of the housing is located perpendicular to the axis of the housing pipe with a check valve for supplying air, and the mixing chamber is made with a cylinder part and a diffuser at its outlet, attached by a large base to the flange, while it has an additional support in the form of an elastic ring connecting the cylindrical part to the body.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a foam generator, figure 2 is a camera of low-level foam, figure 3 is a diagram of the location of the nozzles on the slotted nozzle of the chamber.

The low-foam chamber consists of a foam generator 1 (Fig. 1), which is connected to a cylindrical body 12 (Fig. 2) having a removable bottom 13. This bottom serves to audit the bursting safety membrane 14 and replace it. The cylindrical body 12 has a docking flange 15, in which a safety bursting disc 14 is installed, which simultaneously isolates the cavity of the body 12 with a foam generator from the internal cavity of the tank 16. A cylindrical tip 17 coaxially located with the cylindrical body 12 extends, ending with a slotted nozzle, having a nozzle 18, 19 and 20 (figure 3) of rectangular cross section, forming a fan stream of foam. In this case, the cut of one of the nozzles 18 lies in a plane parallel to the axis of the cylindrical tip 17 and perpendicular to the axis of the foam generator 1. The sections of the nozzles 19 and 20 lie in a plane inclined to the plane of the docking flange 15 and are symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis of the cylindrical tip 17.

The foam generator contains a cylindrical housing 1 with flanges 2, 3 fixed at its ends, a nozzle 4 is installed in the flange 2 for supplying an aqueous solution of a foaming agent. The nozzle 4 has a conical part connected to the flange 2 for supplying an aqueous solution of a foaming agent, and a cylindrical part 5 coaxial to it, mounted opposite the confuser 8 of the mixing chamber. In the side surface of the housing 1 there are holes (not shown) or perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1 - pipe 6 with a check valve 7 for supplying gas (air). The mixing chamber is made with a cylindrical part 9 by a diffuser 10 at its outlet, attached by a large base to the flange 3. The mixing chamber has an additional support in the form of an elastic ring 11 connecting the cylindrical part 9 with the housing 1.

The low-foam chamber operates as follows.

In the event of a fire in the reservoir with the flammable liquid and the fire extinguishing system is triggered, the foaming agent water solution is pumped by a pumping unit or a fire engine (not shown in the drawing) under pressure into the foam generator, where low-level foam is generated from the fluorosynthetic foam generator solution. When the fire extinguishing system is activated, the foam generator 1 begins to produce foam, under the pressure of which a fluoroplastic film (not shown in the drawing) is stretched of the bursting membrane 14, which, in turn, touches the multi-tooth knife (not shown in the drawing), is cut, opens the cavity of the cylindrical tip 17 , after filling with which foam slotted nozzles having nozzles 18, 19 and 20 form a wide fan stream of foam falling into the combustion zone, localizing and eliminating the fire.

The foam generator operates as follows.

The water solution of the foaming agent under pressure through the inlet holes of the nozzle 4 (first conical and then cylindrical) enters the confuser 8. Due to the kinetic energy of the jet, the air outside (or gas under pressure) is entrained (sucked) by the outer surface of the jet moving at high speed into the mixing chamber where the formation of foam of the required multiplicity occurs.

The proposed design of the foam generator can be used in systems for extinguishing fires in tanks with LVH, it provides the formation and supply of flat fan jets: on the inner wall of a steel or reinforced concrete tank; into the annular gap zone between the pontoon or the floating roof and the tank wall (not shown in the drawing).

The low-foam chamber is designed for combined fire extinguishing systems in tanks with flammable liquids. They produce foam of low multiplicity and feed it in the form of a fan stream onto a mirror of flammable liquid or into the annular gap between the tank wall and the floating roof (pontoon).

It works on a 6% aqueous solution of fluorine-containing foaming agents of the type "Sublayer", "Multipena" and their analogues.

Specifications.

Foaming agent working pressure 0.9 ± 0.1 MPa Foaming agent flow rate not less than 5 l / s Foam ratio  not less than 8 Foam Fan Angle not less than 90 ang. hail. The length of the coverage of the foam jet perimeter of the tank (when the camera is located from the pontoon or floating roof at a height of 6.0 m) not less than 15 m

Claims (1)

A low-foam chamber containing a foam generator that is connected to a cylindrical body having a removable bottom and a bursting safety membrane installed in the body, characterized in that the cylindrical body has a docking flange in which a bursting safety membrane is installed that simultaneously isolates the cavity of the body with the foam generator from the inside cavity of the tank, and a cylindrical tip coaxially located with the cylindrical body extends into the internal volume of the tank, culminating in a slotted nozzle having rectangular nozzles forming a fan stream of foam, while a section of one of the nozzles lies in a plane parallel to the axis of the cylindrical tip and perpendicular to the axis of the foam generator, and sections of other nozzles lie in a plane inclined to the plane of the docking flange and are symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis of the cylindrical tip, and the foam generator contains a cylindrical body with flanges at the ends, in one of which there is a nozzle for supplying an aqueous solution of foam atelier, and in the side surface of the housing - a pipe for supplying air, and a mixing chamber installed inside the foam generator housing opposite the nozzle, while the nozzle for supplying an aqueous solution of a foaming agent has a conical part connected to a flange for supplying an aqueous solution of a foaming agent, and a cylindrical part coaxial with it installed opposite the confuser of the mixing chamber, and in the lateral surface of the foam generator housing is located perpendicular to the axis of the housing pipe with a check valve for air supply, and and mixing formed with a cylindrical portion and a diffuser at its output, a large base attached to the flange, while it has an additional support in the form of a resilient ring, which connects with the cylindrical portion of the foam generator body.

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