RU2474447C1 - Plant of modular fire suppression - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-prevention facilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fire-fighting equipment. The plant of modular fire suppression comprises a vessel with extinguishing agent. The vessel is equipped with a device of reset the gas phase, combined with measuring probe for the extinguishing agent and lock-start gear. The lock-start gear is connected by pipeline to the foam generator. The foam generator consists of an outlet nozzle and swirler of compressed air flow. The swirler is made in the form of a mixing chamber. Compressed air enters the swirler through the air duct from the turbocharger. Signal to activate the turbocharger comes from the control unit of fire extinguishing system. For automatic mode of fire extinguishing the lock-start gear is connected via the control unit with smoke detectors. The sleeve is made with a throttle channel, and in the side wall of the sleeve there are tangentially directed channels. The irrigator is equipped with a device of orientation in the planes. The irrigator comprises a filter and a housing with a sprayer. The housing in the form of a fitting with male thread contains the inlet with a filter and the outlet, coaxially located in it. At the outlet of the housing the sprayer holder is mounted, designed in the form of a support ring rigidly attached to the housing, and three inclined ribs, one end of which is connected to the ring, and the other - to the sprayer. The sprayer in the form of cylinder is made integral to the ribs. On the sprayer on the side facing towards the outlet, a disc-dissector of the output flow is coaxially mounted, which is made concave from the side of the outlet.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of fire-fighting system.

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment.

A known fire extinguishing installation (Recommendations for the design of an automatic sub-layer fire extinguishing system in reinforced concrete tanks and steel vertical tanks with a fixed and floating roof at Transneft facilities. - M., 1996, p. 20, Fig. 7; p. 23, Fig. 10), in which the fire is extinguished by means of a vessel in which a fire extinguishing substance is stored and connected to a starting gas cylinder with a working gas (prototype).

A disadvantage of the known system is the relatively low fire extinguishing efficiency.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of fire fighting through the use of high-foam.

This is achieved by the fact that the installation of a modular fire extinguishing system contains a vessel in which a fire extinguishing agent is stored, a vessel in which a fire extinguishing substance is stored, is attached by brackets to the building structure of the room and is equipped with a gas phase discharge device combined with a measuring probe for the fire extinguishing substance and a locking and starting device , a device, for example, of an electromagnetic type, which is connected by a pipe to a pipe for introducing extinguishing fluid into a foam generator, which includes an output nozzle with a a diffusion chamber and a centrifugal swirl of compressed air flow, made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve, inside of which there is a cylindrical mixing chamber coaxially to the outer surface of the sleeve, where an air-mechanical foam is formed, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the coaxially located conical diffuser chamber, and the compressed air enters to the centrifugal swirl and mixing chamber through the duct from the turbocompressor, the signal for switching on which comes simultaneously with the signal for switching on a porno-starting automatic device from the fire extinguishing system control unit, moreover, to ensure automatic fire extinguishing mode, the switchgear and the turbocompressor are electrically connected through the control unit to smoke detectors, and the cylindrical sleeve, which serves as a centrifugal swirl of the liquid flow, is made with an axial throttling channel connected to the feed pipe fluid formed in its end wall, while the sleeve contains at least three tangentially directed channels, formed s in the side wall of the sleeve, wherein the supply produced mechanical foam made in the central line and then to the nodal point of the distribution network and the distribution network to all sprinkler, each irrigation or sprinkler unit is provided with a device orientation in one or two planes.

Figure 1 presents the installation diagram of a modular fire extinguishing, figure 2 presents a General view of the irrigator, figure 3 is a top view.

Installation modular fire extinguishing contains a vessel 1, which stores the fire extinguishing fluid. It is attached by brackets 3 to the building construction 4 of the room and has a device for dumping the gas phase 2, combined with a measuring probe for extinguishing agent. The vessel 1 is equipped with a locking-starting automatic device 5 (ZPU), for example, of an electromagnetic type, which is connected by a pipe 6 to a tube 13 for introducing extinguishing liquid into a foam generator 14, which includes an output nozzle 19 with a conical diffuser chamber 21 and a centrifugal flow swirl compressed air, made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve 15, inside of which a cylindrical mixing chamber 18 is located coaxially to the outer surface of the sleeve, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet coaxially located conically oh diffuser chamber 21. Compressed air enters the centrifugal swirl and mixing chamber 15 through the duct 8 from the turbocharger 7, the signal for the inclusion of which comes simultaneously with the signal for the inclusion of the shut-off and automatic device 5 from the control unit 9 of the fire extinguishing system. To ensure automatic fire extinguishing, the ZPU 5 and the turbocharger 7 are electrically connected via a control unit 9 to smoke detectors 10, 11, 12. A cylindrical sleeve 15, which performs the function of a centrifugal swirl of the fluid flow, is made with an axial throttling channel 16 connected to the fluid supply pipe 13 and formed in its end wall. The sleeve 15 contains at least three tangentially directed channels 17 formed in the side wall of the sleeve 15.

The resulting air-mechanical foam is supplied to the central pipeline 23, and then to the nodal point of the distribution network and through the distribution network 29 to all sprinklers 26. Each sprinkler 26 or sprinkler block 27 is provided with an orientation device 28 in one or two planes.

Each of the sprinklers 26 (FIGS. 2 and 3) contains a housing 30 made in the form of a fitting with an external thread, an inlet 31 coaxially located in it with a filter 36 mounted on it and an outlet 32, and a spray holder is installed at the outlet of the housing, consisting of a support ring 33, rigidly mounted on the housing 30, and three inclined ribs 34, one end of which is connected to the ring 33, and the other to the atomizer 35, made in the form of a cylinder, and the cylinder can be made integral with the ribs 34, while the axis of the cylinder coincides with the axis of the body and 30. On the side facing the outlet opening 32, the spray gun 6 is coaxially fixed disc 37 effluent divider. The disk-splitter 37 of the output stream can be made concave from the side of the outlet 32.

A small inlet 31, forming a jet of extinguishing agent, and a large outlet 32, protecting the jet from disturbing external influences, are made coaxial. In addition, the diameter of the small inlet 31 is equal to the diameter of the atomizer 35, which is located at a distance greater than its diameter. The support ring 33 is connected to the housing 30 in a known manner, for example by flaring.

Installation modular fire extinguishing works as follows.

When a fire occurs in the protected room (not shown in the drawing), the detectors 10, 11, 12 provide a signal to the control unit 9, which in turn generates an electrical pulse to open the switchgear 5 and turn on the turbocharger 7.

The liquid displaced from the tank 1 by compressed gas enters through an open locking and starting device 5, a tube 13 and an axial throttling channel 16 into a cylindrical mixing chamber 18 of a centrifugal swirler. In addition, when the turbocharger 7 is turned on, compressed air is supplied into the cylindrical cavity 22 of the foam generator 14, which forms a vortex air flow entering the mixing chamber 18 through the tangential channels 17. In the mixing chamber 18, the vortex air flows with the liquid to form a foam, which It is a dispersed system, where air bubbles are enclosed in thin shells of a non-combustible liquid (aqueous solutions of salts, acids, surfactants). The extinguishing effect of the foam is based on the isolation of the surface of the burning liquid from oxygen in the air and heated combustible vapors released from the surface of this liquid. Foam not only dramatically reduces the evaporation process, but also cools the surface of the burning liquid. Air-mechanical foam is formed by mechanical mixing of air and a surfactant (foaming agent PO-1 or PO-6). The air-mechanical foam contains about 90% (by volume) of air and 10% of an aqueous solution of a foaming agent. To extinguish fires, it is more efficient to use high-pressure air-mechanical foam, which contains about 99% (by volume) of air, 0.96% of water and about 0.04% of a foaming agent. The multiplicity of the usual air-mechanical foam is 8 ÷ 12, and the multiplicity is 100 or more. Durability of air-mechanical foam: from 20 to 40 minutes

The sprinkler works as follows.

The flow of extinguishing agent at a working pressure of more than 0.6 MPa, passing through the filter 36 and falling into a small hole 31, is formed into a stream that comes out of the hole 32, falling on the atomizer 35 with the disk-divider 37, is sprayed, forming a torch with drops, having an average diameter of less than 150 microns. Due to the alignment of the sprayer and the openings, the liquid stream hits exactly the cylindrical sprayer and breaks it into fine droplets, thereby providing a fine spray and preserving the correct geometry of the spray jet, which creates uniform irrigation. Foam should be used when burning cotton fiber other poorly wettable fibrous materials. Foam is especially effective in extinguishing fires of flammable liquids (LVH), as well as combustible liquids.

Claims (1)

A modular fire extinguishing installation containing a vessel in which a fire extinguishing substance is stored, the vessel in which a fire extinguishing substance is stored is attached by brackets to the building’s building structure and equip it with a gas phase discharge device combined with a measuring probe for the fire extinguishing substance and a locking and starting device, device , for example, of an electromagnetic type, which is connected by a pipe to a pipe for introducing extinguishing liquid into a foam generator, which includes an outlet nozzle with a conical a diffuser chamber and a centrifugal swirl of compressed air flow, made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve, inside of which a cylindrical mixing chamber is located coaxially to the outer surface of the sleeve, where an air-mechanical foam is formed, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the coaxially located conical diffuser chamber, and the compressed air enters centrifugal swirl and mixing chamber along the duct from the turbocompressor, the signal for switching on which comes simultaneously with the signal for turning on the shut-off automatic device from the control unit of the fire extinguishing system, moreover, to ensure automatic fire extinguishing, the switchgear and the turbocompressor are electrically connected through the control unit to smoke detectors, and the cylindrical sleeve, which serves as a centrifugal swirl of the liquid flow, is made with an axial throttling channel connected to the liquid supply pipe, formed in its end wall, while the sleeve contains at least three tangentially directed channels formed in the side the wall of the sleeve, while the supply of the resulting air-mechanical foam is carried out in the Central pipeline, and then to the nodal point of the distribution network, and through the distribution network to all sprinklers, each sprinkler or block of sprinklers is equipped with an orientation device in one or two planes, characterized in that the sprinkler contains a filter and a housing with a spray, the housing is made in the form of a fitting with an external thread, and contains an inlet coaxially located in it with a filter installed on it and an outlet e hole, and at the outlet of the housing, a spray holder is installed, consisting of a support ring rigidly mounted on the housing and three inclined ribs, one end of which is connected to the ring and the other end to the spray made in the form of a cylinder, and the cylinder can be made at the same time with the ribs, while the axis of the cylinder coincides with the axis of the housing, and from the side facing the outlet, a disc-splitter of the outlet stream is coaxially mounted on the atomizer, which is made concave from the side of the outlet.

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