RU2393953C2 - Ultrasound tool for strain hardening and relaxation processing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building and is intended for strain hardening and relaxation processing of surfaces. Proposed tool comprises casing, acoustic system, elastic-inertial system, fixed handle and key-like guides. Fixed handle houses ultrasound generator remote IN/OUT system that supplies acoustic system. The latter is accommodated in the cup. Said cup is arranged in said casing to reciprocate therein and is enclosed in shell. Said outer shell has scratch marks and accommodates ring-like reinforced-rubber clamp that can move in lengthwise direction.

EFFECT: expanded performances.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates mainly to hand tools with ultrasonic excitation for vibro-shock surface treatment, accompanied by plastic deformation and sonication of the treated surface by ultrasound, and can be used in various engineering industries, for example, bridge building, shipbuilding, oil and gas industries for relaxation and hardening processing of metal structures, for example, heat-affected zones and seams of welded joints and other surfaces.

Known ultrasonic processing tool with liquid cooling (see RF patent No. 2266805, IPC ⁷ V24V 39/00, publ. 12/27/2005, BI No. 36), which includes an acoustic system, which includes a magnetostrictive transducer and an oscillatory transformer rigidly connected to it speed (waveguide), to which a waveguide-extender is connected through a threaded connection, placed in a housing equipped with a cooling system, in which a spring is installed on the same axis with the speaker system with the ability to exert pressure on it Corollary to the object to be processed. In the nodal region of the extension waveguide, a groove is made in which balls are freely located on which an indenter glass with through holes in the end is mounted, in which rods with thickenings are mounted with the possibility of reciprocating motion, and thickenings of rods are placed between the end of the glass and the radiating surface.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the inability to carry out processing with a constant uniform force of pressing the tool to the work surface, as well as the inability to preset the pressure force.

A device for ultrasonic surface finishing is known (see RF patent No. 2201863, IPC ⁷ V24V 39/00, 39/04, publ. 04/10/2003, BI No. 10), including an acoustic system including a magnetostrictive transducer connected to the body with a concentrator, on the end part of which an ultrasound transducer (waveguide) is fixed, the end of which is made in the form of a working tip, a spring installed along the longitudinal axis of the speaker system between the end part of the housing and the concentrator, which is an elastic element with low inertial ability, and a locking element located on the hub side. In addition, the device is equipped with an elastic element with a high inertia ability, an additional locking element, a tightening nut and a shaped plate with an insulating element having spring properties, mounted on the end face of the magnetostrictive transducer for complete internal reflection of the energy of the ultrasound emitter, and a movable sleeve coupled to the speaker system wherein the spring is located between the tightening nut and the shaped cover, an elastic element with a large inertial ability it is laid on the opposite side of the spring from the magnetostrictive transducer between the housing and the movable sleeve, and the locking elements are installed in the housing from the hub.

The analog is mounted on the machine and is designed to work only in stationary mode, and the clamping force is controlled by replacing the calibrated spring, for which it is necessary to disassemble the device, and the necessary static clamping force of the tool to the workpiece surface is provided, for example, by means of a transverse screw-cutting support machine tool.

Known vibration-shock tool with ultrasonic excitation and air cooling (see RF patent No. 2259912, IPC ⁷ V06V 1/08, VVV 1/12, V24V 39/00, V25D 9/14, publ. 10.09.2005, BI No. 25), including a housing, an excitation source, consisting of a series-connected electro-acoustic magnetostrictive emitter (waveguide) and a waveguide acoustic transformer and placed inside the housing with the possibility of reciprocating stroke of a given length, and a clip with strikers mounted coaxially with the waveguide acoustic transformer. The excitation source is fixed in the sleeve located inside the housing with a gap on the slide guides made in the form of prismatic keys, which are laid to the through grooves of the housing through elastic vibration-isolating gaskets and at the same time in the blind grooves in the sleeve, which is mounted on the waveguide acoustic transformer with an interference fit, the force of which corresponds to its radial deformation exceeding the amplitude of the transverse vibrations of the waveguide acoustic transformer in the node of longitudinal vibrations when it is bot idling; elastic inertia system is made in the form of a spring shock absorber (prototype).

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device adopted as a prototype include the fact that there is no possibility to perform processing with a constant uniform force of pressing the tool to the surface to be machined, and there is also no possibility to preset the pressure force.

The technical result is the expansion of the technological capabilities of the device by treating various surfaces by providing a constant uniform clamping force of an ultrasonic tool to the workpiece surface and pre-setting the required clamping force.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the claimed device, like the known device (prototype), contains a housing, an acoustic system, movable in the axial direction relative to the housing, an inertia-free system and a fixed handle, in which a remote start-stop system UZK- is installed generator, powering the speaker system, sliding guides made in the form of dowels. A feature of the claimed device lies in the fact that the speaker system is rigidly fixed in a cup mounted in the housing and made with the possibility of its axial movement, covered with an outer shell, on which there is a thrust ring made in the form of a clamp, with the possibility of its longitudinal movement and risks.

The drawings show: FIG. 1 is a diagram of an ultrasonic processing tool; figure 2 - a view of figure 1; figure 3 - view B of figure 1; figure 4 - view In figure 3.

An ultrasonic processing tool (see Fig. 1) consists of two piezoceramic rings 1, mounted on the end of the waveguide 2 with a pin 3 and a nut 4 (hereinafter, positions 1 ... 4 are combined under the general name “acoustic system”), the acoustic system is rigidly fixed in metal cup 5, coated on the outside with an outer shell 6 (hereinafter, positions 5 and 6 are combined under the general name "cup"), using a removable casing 7 (see Figs. 1 and 3), made in the form of a nut, in which there is an insert 8 of sound-absorbing material between the glass and eat The soundproofing gasket 9 is installed in the casing 7, the glass is installed in the housing 10, on which the fixed handle 11 with the remote start-stop system in the form of a trigger 12 is mounted, which absorbs vibrations and is designed to supply the connecting cable 13, and movable (rotating around the axis of the housing 10) the handle 14, the elastic inertia system is made in the form of a calibrated spring 15, one end of which abuts against the inner wall of the housing 10, and the other into the outer end of the glass. In turn, the glass is made with the possibility of axial movement relative to the housing 10, and the movements are given by the size difference of the blind keyway 16 and the key 17 inserted into it (see Fig. 4); wire 18 is used to supply the control signal from the trigger 12 to the ultrasonic generator (conditionally not shown), and the high voltage cable 19 serves to supply power to the speaker system from the ultrasonic generator.

The inertia-inertial system serves to regulate the pressing force of the ultrasonic processing tool to the workpiece surface being machined. To ensure a constant uniform force of pressing the tool to the work surface on the outer shell 6 risks 20 are applied (see figure 2), against which a thrust ring 21, made in the form of a reinforced rubber clamp, is attached to the outer shell 6, which allows not to increase the rigidity of the structure the claimed device. To prevent the rotation of the waveguide 2 around its axis during assembly, two grooves are milled in the waveguide 2, and two pins are pressed into the metal cup 5, into which the waveguide 2 is mounted with its grooves, the grooves and pins are not shown conditionally.

After assembling the device on the adjusting stand, it is calibrated for compliance with each of Fig. 20 (see FIG. 2) with the applied clamping force.

Ultrasonic processing tool operates as follows.

To implement the technological process (TP), it is necessary to install the thrust ring 21 on one of the figs 20, corresponding to the required clamping force of the tool, in accordance with the specified TP, located on the outer shell 6 (see figure 2), and fix it with a screw (screw conditionally not shown). Then, press the waveguide 2 of the ultrasonic processing tool to the surface to be contacted until the end of the housing 10 contacts the thrust ring 21. The elastic-inertia system is compressed, and thereby the operator provides a constant uniform force of pressing the ultrasonic tool to the surface to be processed throughout the entire TP. Then, by pulling the trigger 12, the ultrasonic generator is started and voltage is applied to the piezoceramic rings 1 from the ultrasonic generator through the cable 19, which causes ultrasonic vibrations in them transmitted through the waveguide 2 to the surface to be treated. The waveguide 2, in contact with the surface to be treated, begins to act on it with ultrasonic vibrations - at the same time, the surface is sonicated with ultrasound and its plastic deformation occurs. As a result of this, processing is carried out with constant effort.

To change the clamping force of the tool to the work surface, it is necessary to unfasten the thrust ring 21 and move it to one of the notches 20 corresponding to the required clamping force, and fix it again.

Claims (1)

An ultrasonic processing tool for strain hardening and relaxation processing, comprising a housing, an acoustic system, an elastic inertia system and a fixed handle, in which a remote start-stop system for the ultrasonic generator is installed, which feeds the acoustic system, and guides made in the form of dowels, characterized in that the acoustic the system is rigidly fixed in a glass, which is installed in the housing and made with the possibility of its reciprocating movement in the housing and covered with an outer shell on which the ring is placed, made in the form of a reinforced rubber clamp with the possibility of its longitudinal movement, and risks are incurred.

Images