RU2392106C1 - Ultra-sonic processing tool for deformation strengthening and relaxation treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: tool consists of cartridge, of case, of acoustic system, of elastic inertial system, of fixed handle damping vibration and designed to be connected to cable feeding acoustic system, and of movable handle. The elastic inertial system corresponds to a calibrated spring. The case is made as a metal cartridge coated outside with an external shell; the case performs reciprocal motions inside the cartridge by means of the calibrated spring. The acoustic system has piezo-ceramic rings and is rigidly fixed in the case by a removable jacket. Keys are secured on internal surface of the cartridge. Blind slots are made on the external shell of the metal cartridge; the said keys are laid into these slots. Difference between dimensions of the blind key slot and key laid into it is specified by the value of distance of reciprocal travel of the case inside the cartridge. The movable handle, the external shell of the metal cartridge, the cartridge and the removable jacket are made out of vibration and sound damping material.

EFFECT: increased functional efficiency of tool at simultaneous decrease of harmful vibration and acoustic effect on operator.

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Description

The invention relates mainly to hand tools with ultrasonic excitation for vibration impact surface treatment, accompanied by plastic deformation and sonication of the treated surface by ultrasound, and can be used in various engineering industries, such as bridge construction, shipbuilding, oil and gas industry for relaxation and hardening processing of metal structures, for example heat-affected zones and seams of welded joints and other surfaces.

Known vibration-impact tool with ultrasonic excitation and air cooling (see RF patent No. 2259912, IPC ⁷ V06V 1/08, VVV 1/12, V24V 39/00, B25D 9/14, publ. 10.09.2005, BI No. 25), including a housing, an excitation source, consisting of a series-connected electro-acoustic magnetostrictive emitter (waveguide) and a waveguide acoustic transformer and placed inside the housing with the possibility of reciprocating stroke of a given length, and a clip with strikers mounted coaxially with the waveguide acoustic transformer. In this case, the excitation source is fixed in a sleeve located inside the housing with a gap on the slide guides made in the form of prismatic keys, which are inserted into the through grooves of the housing through elastic vibration-isolating gaskets and at the same time in blind grooves in the sleeve, which is mounted on the waveguide acoustic transformer with an interference fit, the force of which corresponds to its radial deformation exceeding the amplitude of the transverse vibrations of the waveguide acoustic transformer in the node of longitudinal vibrations when it is bot idling.

During the operation of such a tool, the friction between the excitation source and the body will be less, therefore, the vibrational forces transmitted to the body during rebounds will also be smaller. A disadvantage of the analogue is the high level of noise generated by the waveguide. In addition, the significant mass due to the presence of an air supply pipe for the cooling system, and the use of a significant number of metal parts in the design limits the use of this device in the processing of vertical and ceiling seams of welded joints and other surfaces.

Known ultrasonic processing tool with liquid cooling (see RF patent No. 2266805, IPC ⁷ V24V 39/00, publ. 12/27/2005, BI No. 36), which includes an acoustic system, which includes a magnetostrictive transducer and an oscillatory transformer rigidly connected to it speed (waveguide), to which a waveguide-extender is attached through a threaded connection, placed in a housing equipped with a cooling system, in which a spring is installed on the same axis with the speaker system with the ability to exert pressure air on it ystvie on the object to be processed. In the nodal region of the extension waveguide, a groove is made in which balls are freely located on which an indenter glass with through holes in the end is mounted, in which rods with thickenings are mounted with the possibility of reciprocating motion, and thickenings of rods are placed between the end of the glass and the radiating surface.

The absence of shock absorbing and damping elements in the construction of the tool analogue determines the excessive rigidity of the structure, which leads to weak vibration protection. A disadvantage of the analogue is also the high noise level created by the open composite waveguide. In addition, the presence of a water cooling system that requires a fluid supply and pipelines supplying it, which increase the mass of the device, the use of a significant number of metal parts in the construction, limits the use of this device in the treatment of vertical and ceiling seams of welded joints and other surfaces.

A known ultrasonic tool for strain hardening and relaxation processing (AS No. 1759611 USSR, IPC ⁵ V24V 39/04, publ. 09/07/92, BI No. 33), comprising a housing with a lid, an acoustic system installed in the housing, consisting of a magnetostrictive a transducer rigidly connected to a speed oscillation transformer (waveguide), a holder with a hammer, and a cooling system; the transformer is connected to the housing by means of elastic cuffs, and a pneumatic chamber with a regulating pressure is placed in the housing cover, against which the magnetostrictive converter abuts; sound-absorbing inserts are installed in the case and cover, and protective covers with grooves for creating an air gap are installed outside; a handle is mounted on the roof that absorbs vibrations and is designed to output a cable supplying the field winding and supplying coolant, adopted as a prototype.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device adopted for the prototype include the fact that the decrease in the level of vibration shock loads experienced by the operator when working with it is achieved mainly due to the dissipation of the kinetic energy of rebounds due to viscous friction and sliding friction of elements its designs. It is ineffective in relation to vibration protection. Also, the prototype has the same disadvantages as its analogues, caused by the use of a liquid cooling system and a large number of metal parts.

The technical result is an improvement in working conditions by reducing harmful vibrational effects on the operator and tonality of the noise emitted by the device, as well as reducing its weight and reducing overall dimensions.

The specified technical result during the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the claimed device, like the known device (prototype), consists of a housing with an installed acoustic system, consisting of a transducer, which is rigidly connected to a transformer of speed fluctuations (waveguide), an elastic inertia system, an absorbing handle vibration and designed to output the power cable. A feature of the claimed device lies in the fact that the acoustic system — a piezoceramic transducer — is screwed (via a pin) to the end of the waveguide, which, in turn, is rigidly fixed to the movable cylindrical body, which is a glass, in its nodal region through a removable casing, inside of which is sound-absorbing material; the housing is also located in the outer cup with the possibility of axial reciprocating movement, the length of this movement is specified by the ability to maximize the compression of the spring installed in the outer cup and abuts against the end of the housing, and is limited by the dimensions of two blind keyways made in the housing; the dowels are mounted on the inner surface of the glass, serve as guides for reciprocating movements and at the same time serve as a stopper, preventing the housing from leaving the glass; the movable and fixed handles, the outer shell of the body, the glass and the removable casing are made of vibration-absorbing material.

The drawings show: FIG. 1 is a diagram of an ultrasonic processing tool; figure 2 - view A of figure 1, the movable and fixed handles are not shown; figure 3 - view B of figure 2.

The ultrasonic processing tool (see section 1) consists of two piezoceramic rings 1, mounted on the end of the waveguide 2 with a pin 3 and a nut 4 (hereinafter, positions 1 ... 4 are combined under the general name “acoustic system”), the acoustic system is rigidly fixed in the housing 5, made in the form of a metal cup, coated externally with an outer shell 6 (hereinafter, positions 5 and 6 are combined under the general name "housing"), using a removable casing 7 (see figures 1 and 2), made in the form of a nut, which is the insert 8 of the sound-absorbing ma Series, between the case and the removable casing 7 a soundproofing gasket 9 is installed, the case is installed in a glass 10, on which a fixed handle 11 with a trigger 12 is mounted, which absorbs vibrations and is intended for connecting cable 13, and a movable (rotating around the glass 10) handle 14, the inertia-inertial system is made in the form of a calibrated spring 15, one end of which abuts against the inner wall of the cup 10, and the other against the outer end of the housing. During operation of the ultrasonic processing tool, the body makes reciprocating movements inside the glass 10 along the guides, by means of a calibrated spring 15 made in the form of two dowels 16 (see Fig. 3), fixed on the inner surface of the glass 10, and moving the body in the glass 10 limited by the size of the blind keyways 17 made in the outer shell 6, in which the keys 16 are embedded; wire 18 is used to supply the control signal from the trigger 12 to the ultrasonic generator (conditionally not shown), and the high voltage cable 19 serves to supply power to the speaker system from the ultrasonic generator.

The inertia-inertial system serves to regulate the pressing force of the ultrasonic processing tool to the work surface. To prevent the rotation of the waveguide 2 around its axis during assembly, two grooves are milled in the waveguide 2, and two pins are pressed into the metal cup 5, into which the waveguide 2 is mounted with its grooves, the grooves and pins are not shown conditionally. This solution ensures the preservation without destruction of the soldered joints of the piezoceramic rings 1 with the cable 19 high voltage during Assembly and disassembly of the tool.

Ultrasonic processing tool operates as follows.

To implement the process, it is necessary to press the waveguide 2 of the ultrasonic processing tool to the surface to be treated. Compression of the elastic inertia system occurs. Then, by pulling the trigger 12, the ultrasonic generator is started and voltage is applied to the piezoceramic rings 1 from the ultrasonic generator through the cable 19, which causes ultrasonic vibrations in them transmitted through the waveguide 2 to the surface to be treated. The waveguide 2, in contact with the surface to be treated, begins to act on it with ultrasonic vibrations - at the same time, the surface is sonicated with ultrasound and its plastic deformation occurs.

The most favorable operation mode of the ultrasonic processing tool will be such when the operator holds the ultrasonic processing tool within the distance L (see Fig. 3) of the housing in the cup 10, and the size difference of the blind keyway 17 and the key 16 inserted into it is given by the distance L reciprocating movement of the housing inside the glass 10. In this case, not only the material from which the outer shell 6 is made will act against the inertia of the vibrating body in the glass 10, cup 10, fixed and movable handles 11 and 14, air gap due to landing with the gap of the body in the cup 10, but also an elastic inertia system (calibrated spring 15), which significantly reduces the vibrational speed of the body relative to the cup 10 and thereby significantly reduces excessive stiffness design of the claimed device.

The movable and fixed arms 14 and 11, the outer shell 6, the cup 10 and the removable casing 7 are made of vibration-absorbing material.

Claims (1)

An ultrasonic processing tool for strain hardening and relaxation processing, comprising a beaker, a body, an acoustic system, an elastic inertia system and a fixed handle that absorbs vibration and is configured to lead a cable supplying the acoustic system, characterized in that it is equipped with a movable handle made for rotation around the cup, the inertia-inertial system is made in the form of a calibrated spring, the body is made in the form of a metal cup, coated on the outside with the external shell, and made with the possibility of reciprocating movement inside the glass by means of a calibrated spring, the speaker system contains piezoceramic rings and is rigidly fixed in the housing by a removable casing, dowels are fixed on the inner surface of the glass, blind grooves are made in the outer shell of the metal glass, in which the mentioned dowels, and the difference in the sizes of the blind keyway and the keys embedded in it is set by the value of the distance of the reciprocating movement of the core pusa inside the glass, while the movable handle, the outer shell of the metal glass, the glass and a removable casing are made of vibration-absorbing material.

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