RU2390468C2 - Method of emergent delivery of payload to isolated object - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to emergent air delivery of payload required for settlement, restraint or prevention of the state of emergency. Proposed method comprises aimed fire on the object by combat pilotless aircraft wherein payload is accommodated instead of integral or cassette-type combat section with similar version of payload packages. Delivery is performed by single launching of aforesaid apparatus with particular load or in series of launches at intervals assigned subject to actual or forecasted development of emergent situation.

EFFECT: reduced risks, higher efficiency.

8 cl

Description

The invention relates to methods for delivering a payload to an object. More specifically, to methods of delivery by an aircraft of a cargo that is extremely necessary for resolving, containing or preventing an emergency situation at an isolated facility of limited size. These include: an island, a section of the water area, a ship (vessel), a polar station, an offshore oil production platform, the location of a military unit, etc., with the exception of orbital and other space objects. Depending on the class of emergencies that have arisen or are prevented, with the defining signs “danger source - safety item” / 1 /, the list of goods of primary necessity includes:

means of salvation and life support for people exposed to a source of danger (for example, low-temperature unlimited air and water environment - in case of sea disaster);

means of neutralizing real or potential sources of danger (for example, aggressive or infected environments, criminal elements when they commit illegal actions or to prevent them);

ammunition and medicines for the personnel of the unit conducting the battle in the environment or in other special conditions identified with sources of danger in an emergency;

equipment and devices for visual observation, sensory detection, notification of the location of sources of danger and tracking the dynamics of the development of hazardous processes at an emergency site (video cameras, radio sensors of environmental conditions, etc.);

means for marking the boundaries of the emergency site (light, radio and sonar beacons, etc.).

Known methods for emergency delivery (transportation) of cargo by manned vehicles, including military ones, such as transport (military transport) aircraft, amphibious aircraft and helicopters, are reduced to two main ones:

flight with cargo and unloading at the landing site;

the same, and landing of cargo on the delivery object.

Unloading from a helicopter, performed from hovering mode, is identified with unloading at the landing site. The landing is carried out by dropping and then transferring the load to the object in free fall or lowering it by parachute. Improvements to these methods at the level of inventions are not considered, since they do not exclude the risks of transportation inherent in each of them in emergency situations.

The risks of transportation by known methods, fraught with delay in delivery or loss of cargo and, possibly, the apparatus itself with the crew in emergency situations, can be caused, separately or in aggregate, by the following objective reasons:

limiting the flight speed of most of the vehicles of the fleet used within 250-750 km / h, depending on the type of vehicle / 2 /;

the impossibility of landing an aircraft, including amphibian, and a helicopter hovering in adverse circumstances - from the lack of a landing pad in the emergency area to weather or other conditions that prevent landing (helicopter hovering mode, amphibian mooring) at the destination;

a decrease in the accuracy of getting during landing of cargo on an object of limited size as the speed and / or height of the flight of the device increases at the time of cargo separation, as well as with a deterioration of weather conditions in the area of the delivery object;

dangerous external influences on the apparatus and crew in the emergency area;

possible in an emergency situation crew errors in the calculation of separation (dumping) of cargo when approaching the delivery object or the crew refuses to enter the danger zone, including with the existing technical ability to land with unloading on the spot.

Of the above transportation methods, the only acceptable method in case of emergencies may be a method with cargo landing on the delivery object. It is implemented, for example, by military transport aircraft when delivering goods to a combat zone or to a natural disaster area, using known means such as a cargo platform equipped with stabilization and damping devices for reducing the speed. At the same time, the risk of losing the carrier and the platform with the load from external influences, for example from shelling from outside the object, also remains if there is an autonomous or external control of the platform lowering parameters.

A well-known concept to reduce the risks of transportation by the introduction of external control of a manned vehicle or the installation of an on-board robotic system on it / 3 /. The concept was developed in relation to emergencies caused by the seizure and attempt of unauthorized use of a vehicle. It does not solve the problem of reducing transportation risks with possible losses of vehicles, crews and cargo from external influences and emergency situations in the area of the destination. The risk of being late with cargo delivery due to insufficient speed (unacceptable time) of transportation remains insurmountable regardless of undesirable subjective factors and dangerous external influences. In the same way, the risk of a miss with the probable loss of part or all of the cargo outside the object is reduced to acceptable only when landing from extremely low altitudes. In practice, this is only feasible when flying over a flat terrain or free water area under conditions of exercises similar to those described in the Nezavisimaya Gazeta May 22, 1993 (O. Rubnikovich, “The Consequences of the Noginsk Disaster” were “liquidated”).

The objective of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of operations for the emergency delivery of cargo to an isolated object in an emergency situation or preventively, by minimizing the risks of transportation. The required technical result is achieved by using an unmanned military vehicle, in which the cargo is placed instead of (instead of) a monoblock or cluster warhead (warhead), with the same design of cargo packages, and such a device is used in the targeted shooting mode at the delivery target. The safety of falling onto the object of the apparatus and cargo for people and buildings, as well as the safety of the cargo, is provided by known methods and devices that implement them. For example, there is a known method of “instantaneous” termination of free fall of a skydiver in a long jump by opening the canopy of the parachute at the moment the person is at the minimum permissible height from the underlying surface. A similar method of damping the fall velocity is reproduced in mechanical systems, such as cluster warfare elements, for example, the MUSPA / 4 / mine mounted from the air.

For cargo delivered by the proposed method to obviously uninhabited objects, for example, devices for remote monitoring of radiation conditions, a safe fall on the object is not provided and only its safety is ensured by the necessary hardening of the package or by other known methods and means. Including taking into account the permissible in emergency situations, the apparatus and / or packaging with cargo in the building or structure. If possible, established in advance by modeling emergency situations or reliable information about a specific situation, for example, in a natural disaster area, an uninhabited area of shelling is isolated and designated at the delivery site, also ensuring only the safety of the cargo in the event of a fall. The definition of "isolated object of limited size" directly refers to the specified area. The same is with the placement of people, for example, special forces soldiers, in any suitable shelter, similar to that carried out during shelling, but precisely at the appointed time, by prior agreement of the parties delivering and receiving cargo. All such objects are considered uninhabited, including having life and human health as an object of safety in emergency situations. Accordingly, the technical requirements for the re-equipment of the combat vehicle in cargo and in the specific design of cargo packages do not provide for the safe delivery of cargo to such facilities.

The final stage of delivery, depending on the characteristics of the object, the conditions and circumstances (class) of the emergency, is implemented in the following options:

direct hit of the device with the cargo stored during impact for subsequent unloading (selection of cargo) at the place of impact or for its autonomous or remotely controlled operation;

dumping (separation) of the cargo compartment at a predetermined distance from the object at the command of the on-board or external control system, so that the compartment reaches the object along the calculated path;

the same - opening a cargo cassette (container) and forcibly ejecting cargo packages in the expectation of a predetermined dispersion of their drop points within the facility or its selected area.

Cargoes intended for delivery by the proposed method are manufactured and packaged, or finished packaging is used in dimensions that allow their rational placement on the apparatus in the warhead compartment (cartridge, container) of a standard size range. For example, the automatic water control station ASK-300 is installed and operates in a capsule with a diameter of 0.534 m and a length of 0.783 m (publication in the Izvestia newspaper dated November 30, 1993 No. 229). With such capsule dimensions, it is possible to place one or more stations in a large-caliber guided vehicle, such as the AGM-86 cruise missile or the guided warhead (UHF) of a Trident-2/4 / ballistic missile. The same - PSN 6M inflatable liferaft in a container 1.15 m long and 0.60 m in diameter / 5 / or a radiation reconnaissance robot in dimensions 1 × 0.95 × 0.6 m / 6 /. According to the developer (Musson, Sevastopol), a marine emergency radio beacon of the Cospas-ARB-M type has dimensions (with packaging) of 0.19 × 0.194 × 1.175 m, which allows you to place up to 40 such devices, for example , instead of combat elements in a cluster warhead missile AGM-130/4 /. Two emergency monsoon beacons “Monsoon-501” with dimensions of 0.25 × 0.403 m (according to the same data) can be placed in each of the 10 individual guidance units (ID) of the separable UHF type MIRV rocket SS-18 ICBM Mod 4 / four/.

For a selected group of uninhabited facilities, a standard series of freight packages of a certain purpose in the simplest and least costly design is developed in advance, as well as methods and devices for their placement on the apparatus and unloading at the facility. For example, instead of the explosive charge of a monoblock warhead, loading into the volume of the charging chamber - for delivery with unloading (selection) on the site of a direct hit. Or the same in the case of a cluster warhead, as shown in the example below using a MUSPA mine, to implement the final stage of delivery by trajectory unloading of packages from a standard cartridge or container.

In general, the priority range of goods intended for delivery by the proposed method is formed by limiting the above initial list in relation to the objects and classes of emergency situations / 1 /, similar to the limitation of the specific nomenclature of weapons and ammunition used to destroy typical targets of theater of operations. The preferred means of delivery (apparatus) in each of the typical cases, its type of accessory (carrier, launching device), cargo composition, unloading option and the corresponding structural solution of the cargo compartment are justified in a simulation of the delivery process and the actual unloading as its final stage. The information on emergencies and facilities used in this case is taken according to typical source data compiled on the basis of classification features of emergencies by hazard sources and safety items / 1 /. For example, a source of danger is a natural disaster or a man-made accident; the subject of safety is the life and health of people. Subclassification signs: subclass of the emergency facility (industrial, transport, inhabited, uninhabited, etc.), geographical area of its location (climatic zone), size (in the “from and to” groups), type of immediate threat (flooding, infection, and etc.), time of year (weather conditions) and others characterizing the specific features of the emergency and the facility. The above explanations are given in confirmation of the possibility of creating a single information and methodological support as the primary basis for imparting the technical implementation of the proposed method of a systemic nature, in contrast to the selective demonstration. Equally feasible, for the same purpose, a unified concept of using the formed fleet of carriers for the use of “cargo” vehicles in the operating area of the species association. It provides for the addition of the operational regime tasks in the designated area by maintaining the readiness for the use of forces and means in a specific load, involved in a rescue or preventive operation in an emergency response order. It is also possible to model in advance and test practice tactical methods of cargo delivery by shooting at an object from carriers or sub-launching installations.

In general, for the implementation of emergency delivery by the proposed method of cargo of the indicated nomenclature, well-known combat guided unmanned vehicles of the main classes and subclasses are suitable:

short-range aviation guided missile (AUR);

tactical or long-range cruise missile (CR) of any of the known types of basing;

guided (adjusted) aircraft bomb (UAB, KAB);

one-time controlled aviation container (UAK);

ground or sea-based ballistic missile (BR) with UHF, including the MIRV type, which is divided into military warheads;

space warfare combat stage.

Targeted shooting at an object with a cargo vehicle, as well as combat, is performed in each of the indicated variants of the final stage of delivery by one or a group of designated carriers, launching installations in the following modes:

single start-up of the device in a specific load or a series of single starts at intervals assigned by the party receiving or delivering the cargo, depending on the actual or forecasted development of the emergency;

homogeneous or mixed by type of apparatus and composition of the cargo in one gulp of one or more carriers, launching installations - for delivery in one go of the cargo in the required quantity and assortment;

a queue of a given length and with a given rate of fire, sequentially at selected aiming points, for the necessary, for example, uniform distribution of the delivered cargo over the object or its selected section for the minimum possible period of time.

Massing the used means in a salvo or line allows, if necessary, to compensate for their relatively small load capacity, from 0.1 t (AUR) to 3.5 t (UHCh BR) / 4 /. In addition, firing at selected (spaced) aiming points in certain circumstances deliberately neutralize the "excessive" accuracy of the devices used. Moreover, the distribution of cargo over the object, in contrast to that implemented during landing by discharge from a manned vehicle, remains streamlined. That is, it is maintained close to uniform or otherwise specified up to the maximum dispersion of the hit points of individual devices or grouping centers of packages thrown by them with cargo - from several to several tens of meters, depending on the class of the device used and the mode of discharge of packages from the cartridge or container /four/.

If necessary, due to the specific characteristics of the delivery object, emergency situations, the composition of the loading of vehicles of various types and subspecies of basing, firing in one gulp or in a burst is carried out by designated carriers (launchers) from different locations (geographical areas). In this case, a volley or line with the necessary parameters is formed by mixing or distributing the devices used at the place and time they hit the object or exit to the unloading lines.

Of the aforementioned vehicles, UAB, KAB, UAK have the lowest autonomous flight speed - up to 300 m / s. However, the average (cruising) speed of flight of their carriers - tactical aircraft on the route to the object of cargo delivery is close to or higher than the speed of sound, that is, about 1.5-2 times higher than that of the fastest transport aircraft. When delivered to a range within the combat range, for example, up to 1000 km, the flight of a supersonic carrier will last less than 1 hour. The final delivery stage, implemented in attack mode with targeted bombing, can take from several to about 10 minutes, depending on the height and range of the attack line chosen by the crew or assigned by the flight mission. When using a supersonic AUR, this stage will take about several minutes at startup with a maximum range.

In the implementation of the proposed delivery method, in the absence of the need for covert flight at low altitude along a trajectory enveloping the terrain, and with a maneuver along the course, the use of subsonic RC of any kind is based. By launching a rocket along a route with a straight marching section and at a constant height, they minimize time or increase the required range of the Kyrgyz Republic. When using a BR in a dedicated operating area, the delivery time is reduced by starting it from the duty mode in the designated readiness for use with UGCH loaded in advance, for example, to ensure a marine rescue operation. When launching such a BR at full range from any starting position, for example, SS-18 ICBM Mod 4 from the deployment area in the South Urals / 4, 7 /, its UHF reaches the object or the unloading line in the shortest possible time - almost no more than half an hour from the moment of receipt coordinates of the delivery location. The necessary operations for aiming the BR and entering into the flight task data for separating the UHF from the rocket and the IN blocks from the UHF MIRV are feasible within a few minutes from the moment the coordinates of the aiming point are obtained.

In the general case, with the vehicle moving to the launch point by the carrier, the shortest possible route of the carrier, not necessarily straightforward, is laid out according to the results of the navigation study of its transition (flight) to the designated point. At the same time, the total time of cargo delivery is reduced to the minimum by choosing the distance of the vehicle’s launch point from the delivery object or unloading line: the smallest possible - with the vehicle’s flight speed, lower than the carrier’s speed of movement, and the greatest, up to the maximum speed, with the inverse ratio of these speeds. The time taken to complete the delivery by unloading at the end of the flight path of any of the above vehicles is calculated in seconds and may not be taken into account in calculating the minimum total delivery time.

Based on existing facilities, new unmanned aerial vehicles similar to them can be developed with characteristics optimized for emergency cargo delivery, for example, in the combination of range-speed-load-bearing capacity. Their creation, as well as the re-equipment of military equipment (see the example below), are feasible on the existing technical and technological basis. Its possible targeted improvement at the level of inventions is not considered here, and corresponding new devices are not offered, since they do not directly determine the implementation of the proposed delivery method. Here it is also necessary to make a terminological distinction from the definition used in some sources for “cargo ammunition” (cargo ammunition), which designates ammunition with cluster warheads. In the same way, the name “cargo” is found, including in patent sources (for example, / 8 /), with reference to aircraft ammunition, which in fact is intended to hit a target or imitate it. However, this name is not used in the detailed description of the device, the principle of operation and the method of use of the ammunition as such.

The closest analogue to the prototype of the proposed method using a controlled means of destruction as a means of emergency delivery of cargo, confirming the possibility of its technical implementation, is a known method of moving scientific equipment for space exploration in near-Earth space. The equipment is located in the UGCh BR and operates on the transatmospheric section of its flight to the territory of the military training ground. At the final stage of the flight, the equipment is removed from the UHF and special means ensure its safety from destruction when falling onto the ground. There is a publication in the newspaper Izvestia dated June 03, 1995 No. 101 about a similar launch of a BR made by a submarine-rocket carrier from an underwater position. It follows, in particular, that each such launch is unique and is carried out after lengthy preparation, despite the fact that the real delivery object is known from the moment of the general statement of the problem. The individual components of the technical and military (naval) support for such a launch are not presented in the form of a method or sequence of actions that reduce the risks of transportation in an emergency situation. In addition, the equipment delivered in this way is not literally a cargo accepted for further use as intended. It realizes its purpose not after, but before landing on a battlefield prepared in advance for its reception, an area of the order of hundreds of km ² . The search for equipment for transfer to the customer is carried out by forces and means of the landfill, delivered to the area of its landing from the places of their permanent or temporary deployment. A particular launching task - the transportation of equipment can also be considered resolved in case of its landing and detection at a considerable distance from a given area. That is, such a launch of the BR is practically no different from the usual polygon launch, performed, for example, to verify the accuracy of the withdrawal from the UHF MIRV to the target of the military unit IN / 4 /. At the same time, he demonstrates the technical and technological feasibility of equipping the military apparatus with a sophisticated technical device for its subsequent transportation and “soft” landing in a given area.

The implementation of the proposed delivery method is due to the implementation of a series of works on the re-equipment of military vehicles for the delivery of goods. The existing experience in the development (modernization), testing and use of them in combat equipment can be used to create a full range of cargo packages for specific subspecies devices: from borrowing the design methodology of warheads to using finished parts and assembly units. For example, it is possible to unify the body of an aircraft munition of the MIFF, MUSA / MUSPA / 4 / type for placing 5.56 mm unitary cartridges with a mass of 9.18 g for small arms 191. The dimensions of the cylindrical body allow stacking up to 300 cartridges in 2 rows according to its height, 6 circular layers in each row, with a total weight of 2.75 kg. The mass of the cargo packaging collected in this way remains, as with the ammunition, in the range of 3.5-4 kg. When filling the case with a low-density cargo such as finished dosage forms, dressings, etc., the required mass of the block can be restored by laying compensating weights in the case, for example, from high-density material. The fixation of the main and compensating weights in the housing can also be achieved by known simple methods and means, such as an inter-row diaphragm and a longitudinally-axial cylindrical spring or a rigid insert blocking lateral movements of the layers. In the UAK complex of high-precision aviation container weapons APACHE / CWS version III / 4 /, installed on aircraft such as Mirage, Tornado, it is possible to place, like MUSPA mines, 200 such cargo packages. Their delivery by container, for example, to an isolated position of a special forces unit with a characteristic size of about 350 m (possibly less) is feasible with a close to uniform distribution and practically no loss of cargo. It is implemented with all types of support, similar to ensuring the combat launch of the UAK, including its uncoupling at a safe distance for the carrier from the firing target (up to 50 km) and the correction of the final section of its trajectory. A high probability of bringing all or most of the packages to the borders of the object is ensured by unloading them at the optimal point of the trajectory according to an algorithm similar to that developed for UAK in combat configuration. Accordingly, the area and shape of the cargo dispersion zone on the ground fit quite accurately into the visible (marked) contour of the position of the special forces blocked by the opposing forces. The cargo at the delivery site can be removed from the housing, for example, through the mounting hole of the fuse (not available in this design) by removing its cover and longitudinally axial load lock. The unified fuse mounts used to install the retainer and cover are not deformed at the actual collision speeds of the cargo package (like mines) with the ground. This allows you to carry out these actions by any means at hand, for example from a set of accessories for small arms.

This example shows the technical feasibility of re-equipping military vehicles, using the elements of their combat equipment, for the placement and delivery of goods. The available resource for their modernization to increase range, flight speed, firing accuracy and warhead mass also extends to cargo modification vehicles. At the same time, the cargo packaging itself, as well as the devices for their fastening, trajectory ejection and damping of the fall speed, can be re-designed with the corresponding rearrangement of cargo in the compartment.

Under the conditions of the considered example with UAK, the proposed method of cargo delivery is uncontested due to the unacceptability of using a manned vehicle based on the expected level of losses. In cases where its use is permissible and is possible only by unloading on a flight over an object (landing), or if it is necessary to choose a preferred unmanned vehicle, an alternative decision is made according to the larger (largest) value of the cargo transportation efficiency indicator, calculated for each of the considered devices as the value

Where

P is the probability that the device will reach the delivery object (unloading line), calculated for known or expected external influences in the emergency area and equal to 1 in their absence;

M is the net mass of the cargo placed on the apparatus;

µ is the relative mass fraction of cargo falling directly onto the object after the unloading trajectory from unmanned or landing from a manned vehicle, calculated by known methods from the available source data and equal to 1 for the vehicle or detachable direct hit compartment;

T _N - the estimated time of movement of the device with the cargo or the cargo directly by a manned carrier from the place of basing to the point of separation of the device or landing of cargo, equal to 0 for vehicles launched from a stationary position;

_A T - calculated target approach time machine with a load of up to delivery of the object or abroad unloading of 0 delivery time manned machine. When choosing preferred devices for use by a group (in one gulp, a queue) with the total number of N devices, the factor P = P _N is the mathematical expectation of the number of devices that reached the object or the unloading line, equal to N in the absence of external influences.

For the considered example with the delivery of cargo to the special unit by launching the UAK of the APACHE / CWS complex from the Mirage aircraft, a comparative assessment with the known delivery method - landing from the transport aircraft S-212-300 shows the advantage of the proposed method by the time (speed) of delivery by about 3 times. This example compares the time T _H for a transport aircraft and T _H + T _A for a UAK. According to the net carrying capacity M, the S-212/2 / type aircraft has an approximately 2-fold advantage over two UAKs on the Mirage / 4 / aircraft. The value µ during trajectory unloading of packages from the container at the optimum point, like the release of MUSPA mines, is at least an order of magnitude higher than that achieved when unloading on the flight at altitudes safe for the aircraft — from 1 km or more. That is, even if there are no losses of transport aircraft (p = 1) during delivery in a known manner, an approximate - at the level of the order of magnitude, comparative evaluation of the efficiency of cargo delivery in terms of ∈ gives approximately 15-fold advantage of the proposed method. A comparative economic assessment, which should take into account the cost of the departure of the manned vehicle, and for the method using an unmanned vehicle, also the cost of using the carrier (launch complex) and the device itself, in this example, is not carried out. In general, it is accepted that the resolution or prevention of emergencies by the delivery of the necessary cargo, achieved both by known methods and proposed, is carried out as soon as possible at any affordable price.

The proposed invention is industrially and functionally feasible on the existing fleet of specific carriers (launch complexes) and samples of guided weapons used with all types of support, such as ensuring its combat use. The invention provides a reduction in risks and an increase in the efficiency of cargo transportation, which is extremely necessary in an emergency situation at an isolated object. An additional useful effect is achieved when it is used for industrial operation of morally obsolete but technically sound carriers (launch complexes) that are being decommissioned, and the disposal of an excess of the species fleets of guided weapons. The invention is not known from the available sources of information of the prior art, which clearly does not follow for a specialist in aircraft, that is, it meets the criteria of patentability in general.

Information sources

1. B.N. Porfiryev. “Systematic Concept of National Security”, Section 3: “Structure of National Security”. Safety issues in emergency situations, 1991, issue 4, pp. 8-14.

2. Donald D. The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aviation: Aircraft and Helicopters of the 20th Century. Per. from English

3. M.B. Ignatiev, M.E. Tikhomirov. “On the transformation of vehicles into autonomous robotic systems in extreme situations.” Questions of defense technology. Series 16. Technical means of countering terrorism, 2004, issue 3-4, pp. 26-34.

4. Jane's Weapon Systems, 1986-87, p.p.21-28, 169-191.

5. M.N. Alexandrov. "Human safety at sea." Ed. “Shipbuilding”, L., 1983, p. 153.

6. V.A. Lopota. "Mobile robotic systems for the search and evacuation of ionizing radiation sources." Protection and Security, 2005, No. 1, p. 10, 11.

7. Izvestia, November 20, 1993, No. 233, p. 8.

8. French patent FR 2864221 A1 for class ⁷ F42C 14/06, published June 24, 2005.

9. Lenaerts J. "The Advanced Combat Rifle Program." Military Technology No. 10/89, pp. 18-25.

Claims (8)

1. A method of emergency delivery to an isolated object of payload, including aimed shooting at an object with a military unmanned aerial vehicle, in which the cargo is placed in place of a monoblock or cluster warhead with the same design of cargo packages, characterized in that the delivery is carried out by a single launch of the device in a specific load or a series of such launches at intervals assigned depending on the actual or forecasted development of the emergency. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the delivery to a deserted object or section is completed by direct hit of the device with the cargo stored during impact for its subsequent selection at the place of impact or for its autonomous or remotely controlled operation. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the cargo in the required quantity and assortment is delivered to the object in one go, firing from one or more carriers, launchers in one gulp of a uniform or mixed composition by type and loading applied devices. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the necessary dispersal of the load within the object is ensured by firing a burst of a predetermined length sequentially at the selected aiming points, while the rate of fire is assigned in order to complete the delivery for the shortest possible period of time . 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the firing is from carriers, launchers of various types of basing and locations, forming a volley or line with the necessary parameters, reducing the devices used in time and place of getting them to the object or exit to the lines of unloading. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the total delivery time of the cargo by the device moved to the launch point by the carrier is minimized by selecting the distance of the starting point of the device from the delivery object or the unloading line in the range from minimum to maximum - inversely proportional to the ratio cruising speed of the carrier and the speed of the autonomous flight of the device. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the preferred apparatus for the delivery of goods is selected according to the highest value of the transport efficiency indicator ∈, calculated for each of the devices in question as a value:

where P is the probability of the apparatus reaching the delivery target or the line of unloading or landing of the cargo, calculated for known or predicted external influences in the emergency area and equal to 1 in the absence thereof;
M is the net mass of the cargo placed on the apparatus;
µ is the relative mass fraction of cargo falling directly onto the object after trajectory unloading from unmanned or landing from a manned vehicle, calculated by known methods from the available source data and equal to 1 for the vehicle or detachable direct hit compartment;
T _H - the estimated time of movement of the device with the cargo or the cargo directly by the carrier from the place of basing of the carrier to the point of separation of the device or landing of the cargo, equal to 0 for the device launched from a stationary position;
T _A is the estimated autonomous flight time of the vehicle with cargo from the start point to the delivery facility or unloading line, equal to 0 when the cargo is delivered by a manned spacecraft. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that in a comparative assessment of the efficiency of cargo delivery by a group of manned vehicles, in one gulp or in a queue of unmanned vehicles with a total number N, the value P = P _{N is} calculated as the mathematical expectation of the number of vehicles that reached the object or line of unloading, equal to N at lack of external influences.