RU2382859C1 - Method for restoration or reconstruction of multi-storied building or structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the field of construction, in particular to method for reconstruction or restoration of multi-storied building or structure. Method includes reinforcement of collapse area and step-by-step restoration of structures. Reinforcement of collapse area is carried out by means of installation of at least one column with adjacency to longitudinal vertical element with the possibility of assembly and disassembly, at the same time column is arranged as through, passing via ceilings, at least by one storey higher and lower than collapse area. Column ends are fixed to undamaged longitudinal vertical elements higher and lower arranged storeys with temporary joints. In section of column arranged in collapse area, power mechanism is installed, which provides for possibility of transmission of previously calculated load, value of which should not exceed force acting in vertical longitudinal element prior to its damage. After repair-restoration works, column is unloaded and dismantled.

EFFECT: reduced manhours spent for restoration or reconstruction of multi-storied building or structure, improved reliability and reduced material intensity.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and relates to a method for the restoration or reconstruction of a multi-story building or structure.

There is a method of unloading the supporting structures of an operated building, which consists in the fact that on each floor, racks are installed one under the other under the crossbars, supported by the supporting structure, and then the voltage is created in the racks successively from the bottom up, starting from the first floor. To create a voltage, a load is used that is equal to the constant load from the overlapping of the unloaded floor. Tension is created in several stages. The number of the latter corresponds to the number of floors of the operated building. At the first stage, the racks are subjected to a force equal to the constant load from the ceiling of the upper floor, and in subsequent stages, the force equal to the constant load from the lower floor with respect to the unloaded floor is sequentially taken (see RF patent No. 1747648, E04G 23/00, 04.10. 89).

The known solution solves only part of the problem facing the proposed invention, and, in addition, has a number of significant disadvantages, which include the following:

- the need to install racks under the crossbars on each floor;

- actually applies to a certain class of structures, mainly to frame buildings;

- the need to create loading in several stages, equal to the number of floors of the building, creates difficulties in organizing unloading and its large volume;

- in case of damage in the upper or middle floors of the building, it becomes necessary to unload all elements of the building, and in the lower floors it is necessary to create a full load;

- there is no accounting of loads caused by vertical structural elements.

Closest to the proposed solution in terms of technical nature and the achieved result is a way to restore a building with partially collapsed structures, including strengthening the collapse zones and elementwise restoration of structures (see USSR author's certificate No. 949136, E04G 23/100, 1980).

The strengthening of the collapse zones is carried out by installing along the perimeter of the collapse zone of the formwork, which is filled in layers with a porous solution, and then the structures are cleaned one by one, after the final restoration of each of which they proceed to the next one.

However, the known solution requires a very large amount of temporarily used material and in connection with this there is a significant complexity of the work performed. All materials cannot be disposed of and recycled.

The proposed solution allows you to provide a small amount of repair work to strengthen large and complex structures without disassembling the entire building; reduce material consumption and quickly and reliably include in the work the repaired and reconstructed elements of a building or structure.

The technical result is a reduction in labor costs for the restoration or reconstruction of a multi-story building or structure while improving reliability and reducing material consumption.

This is achieved by the fact that in the method of restoration or reconstruction of a multi-storey building or structure with longitudinal vertical elements and ceilings, including strengthening the collapse zone and elementwise restoration of structures, strengthening the collapse zone is carried out by means of an assembly adjacent to the longitudinal vertical element with the possibility of assembly and disassembly, at least at least one column, mainly metal, which is made through, passing through the ceiling, at least one floor above and below the collapse zone, the ends of the column are fixed to the undamaged longitudinal vertical elements above and below the floors located by temporary connections, a power mechanism is installed on the column section located in the collapse zone, the inclusion of which enables the transfer of a previously calculated load, the value of which should not exceed the force, acting in a vertical longitudinal element until it is damaged, from upstream floors through the column to lower floors, unloading those most affected by the longitudinal vertical element and allowing either to remove or to repair and after repair work unload column and produce its dismantling.

In addition, several parallel rows of columns are installed, mainly metal, arranged at least oppositely to each other and connected by beams in the longitudinal and transverse directions with the formation in plan of at least rectangles, the vertices of each of which are connected diagonally by bonds while the power mechanism is installed in the collapse zone in each of the columns.

The unloading of the column is carried out either by means of a power mechanism, or by injecting a mortar with prestressing cement into the joints between the restored longitudinal vertical element and the adjacent elements of the building or structure.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

figure 1 shows a multi-story building or structure in plan, a fragment with a collapse zone.

In Fig.2 is a section aa in Fig.1.

The method of restoration or reconstruction of a multi-storey building or structure with longitudinal vertical elements 1 and 2 and ceilings 3, including strengthening the collapse zone 4 and the elementwise restoration of structures, is as follows. In the collapse zone 4, adjacent to the longitudinal vertical element 2 is installed with the possibility of assembly and disassembly, at least one column 5, mainly metal, which is made through, passing through the ceiling 3, at least one floor above and below the collapse zone 4. Fix the ends of the column 5 to the undamaged longitudinal vertical elements 1 above and below the floors with temporary ties 6. Temporary ties can be made, for example, in the form of dowels.

On the section of the column 5 located in the collapse zone, a power mechanism 7 is installed. As a power mechanism, jacks or bellows exciters can be used.

If necessary, can be installed several parallel rows of columns 5, mainly metal. The columns are positioned at least oppositely to each other and are interconnected by beams 8 in the longitudinal and transverse directions with the formation in plan of at least rectangles. The vertices of each of the rectangles are connected diagonally by ties 9.

In each of the columns 5 in the caving zone, a power mechanism 7 is installed either in the form of jacks or in the form of bellows-type exciters.

The inclusion of power mechanisms 7 provides the ability to transfer pre-calculated according to the current regulatory documents load, the value of which should not exceed the force acting in the vertical longitudinal element until it is damaged, from the upper floors through the columns to the lower floors. As a result of this, the damaged longitudinal vertical element 2 is unloaded, after which repair or removal of these damaged elements is carried out.

After carrying out repair and restoration work, the load from the columns is removed either by means of a power mechanism, or by injecting a mortar with prestressing cement into the joints between the restored longitudinal vertical element and the adjacent elements of the building or structure.

The method was applied during the restoration of the victims of the explosion of apartments on Koroleva Street in Moscow.

Claims (3)

1. The method of restoration or reconstruction of a multi-storey building or structure with longitudinal vertical elements and ceilings, including strengthening the collapse zone and elementwise restoration of structures, characterized in that the strengthening of the collapse zone is carried out by installing adjacent to the longitudinal vertical element with the possibility of assembly and disassembly, at least at least one column, mainly metal, which is made through, passing through the ceiling, at least one floor above and below e collapse zones, fasten the ends of the column to the undamaged longitudinal vertical elements above and below the floors located by temporary connections, install a power mechanism on the column section located in the collapse zone, the inclusion of which enables the transfer of a pre-calculated load, the value of which should not exceed the force, acting in a vertical longitudinal element until it is damaged, from higher floors through the column to lower floors, unloading the damaged vertical vertical element and allowing it to either be removed or repaired, and after the repair work, the column is unloaded and dismantled. 2. The method of restoration or reconstruction of a multi-storey building or structure according to claim 1, characterized in that several parallel rows of columns are installed, mainly metal, arranged at least oppositely to each other and connected by beams in the longitudinal and transverse directions with the formation in plan, at least, of rectangles, the vertices of each of which are connected diagonally by bonds, while the power mechanism is installed in the collapse zone in each of the columns. 3. The method of restoration or reconstruction of a multi-storey building or structure according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the unloading of the column is carried out either by means of a power mechanism, or by injecting a mortar with prestressing cement into the joints between the restored longitudinal vertical element and the adjacent building elements or facilities.

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