RU2374446C1 - Method for development of boulder gravel deposits of minerals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to mining industry and may be used in overburden and getting operations in gravel deposits of minerals, with application of bulldozer-scraper aggregates. Method includes overburden operations, excavation and transportation of sands by bulldozer-scraper aggregate to enrichment equipment. Primary transportation of sands is carried out to specially prepared or developed space with arranged trench in bedrock along lower edge of bench with creation of slant, and secondary transportation of sands to enrichment equipment is done from slant of bench.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of getting equipment.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for overburden and mining operations at placer mineral deposits using bulldozer-scraper units.

There is a known bulldozer method for extracting permafrost and seasonal freezing of placers, consisting in layer-by-layer cutting of thawed rock with a bulldozer blade and transporting it to a receiving bunker with subsequent washing (Emelyanov V.I. Technology of bulldozer development of permafrost placers. - M .: Nedra, 1976. P.163 -177).

The disadvantages of this method are the low technical and economic indicators due to the high energy intensity of the process of transporting the rock to the receiving hopper, a small rational way to move the rock and the associated small size of the mining block, the ineffective work of bulldozers in the development of boulder rocks.

There is also a fan-ring method for developing sand with bulldozers and wheeled scrapers. By this method, the scrapers are cut and transported from layers far from the hopper of the mining block sections and transported by scrapers, and bulldozers are removed from nearby sections (G. Sulin, Technique and technology for opencast mining of placers. - M .: Nedra, 1974. P.211-213 )

The disadvantage of this method is the ineffective operation of wheel scrapers in the development of boulder rocks, which are common, due to the relatively low tractive effort realized on the wheels, high tire wear when interacting with sharp edges of boulders and low fillability of buckets.

As a prototype, a method for the development of alluvial deposits was adopted, which consists in layer-by-layer excavation of a sand with a powerful bulldozer and their subsequent transportation to a temporary dump at the bunker, and with a second bulldozer of small capacity, the sands are fed into the bunker (Leshkov V.G. Development of alluvial deposits. - M .: Nedra , 1985. S.200-203).

The disadvantages of this method are ineffective work in the development of boulder placers, a significant decrease in the performance of both mining and processing equipment due to the need for cleaning boulders.

The objective of the invention is to increase the productivity of mining equipment in the development of boulder alluvial mineral deposits by cleaning boulders in a specially prepared space.

This is achieved by the fact that in the method of developing boulder alluvial mineral deposits, the primary transportation of sand is carried out in a specially prepared or mined space with a trench passed along the raft along the lower edge of the mining ledge, and the secondary transportation of sand to the processing equipment is carried out from the slope of the mining ledge, and the slope of the mining ledges perform with the possibility of stable placement of sand and unstable for boulders, and the continuation of the mining ledge they are sculpted along a concave arc with a smooth transition into the trench.

The essence of the proposed method of mining at alluvial boulder deposits is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a diagram of the layer-by-layer primary movement of sand with a bulldozer to the slope of the mining ledge; figure 2 is a view in plan of figure 1; figure 3 - diagram of the secondary movement of the sand scraper unit; figure 4 is a plan view of figure 3;

where: 1 - trench; 2 - sands; 3 - slope of the production ledge; 4 - bulldozer; 5 - boulders; 6 - block scraper installation; 7 - scraper installation.

After overburden operations along one side of the mining block, there is a mine that will form a mined space, the mine depth is equal to the power of the sands, then a trench 1 passes in the lower part of the mine. The technical solution of this method consists in layer-by-layer movement and discharge of sand 2 from the slope 3 of the mining ledge with a bulldozer 4 and segregation of the latter by size on the slope 3. Boulders 5, having a large size and roundness, slide into a special trench 1, and the sands linger on the slope 3 of the production ledge. Moreover, if slope 3 of the production ledge is steep, then sands 2 and boulders 5 will slide along slope 3 into trench 1, so the meaning of this method will be lost. If the slope 3 of the production ledge is flat, then the sands 4 and boulders 5 will linger on it and the effect will be similar. With this in mind, the slope angle 3 of the production ledge is performed with the possibility of stable placement of sands 2 and unstable for boulders 5. The trench 1 adjacent to the production ledge is performed along a concave arc with a flattening in the lower part, since this form of the slope provides greater kinetic energy of rolling boulders 5 and their removal to a large distance from the lower edge adjacent to the mining ledge of the trench. The latter provides free access for mining the lower horizons of the placer. After storing a certain amount of sand 2, block 6 is fixed on the slope 3 of the production ledge in the lower part of the slope 3, and a scraper installation 7 is installed on the upper platform of this ledge. Then, the sands 2 are scraped onto the receiving platform of the cable scraper 7 with subsequent transportation to the processing equipment. As the development of sand 2 on the mining block, the scraper installation 7 moves along the slope 3.

The essential features that distinguish the method of mining at alluvial deposits from the closest prototype, allow to obtain the following technical result:

- a significant increase in the productivity of mining (and concentration) equipment in the development of boulder alluvial deposits;

- conducting mining on boulder rocks with large dimensions of the mining block and thereby eliminating the placement of flushing equipment within the quarry field.

Claims (3)

1. A method of developing boulder alluvial mineral deposits, including stripping, excavation and transportation of sand by a bulldozer-scraper aggregate to processing equipment, characterized in that the primary transportation of sand is carried out in a specially prepared or mined space with a trench in the raft along the lower edge of the mining ledge with the formation of a slope, and the secondary transportation of sand to the processing equipment is carried out from the slope of the mining ledge. 2. The method of developing boulder alluvial mineral deposits according to claim 1, characterized in that the slope of the mining ledge is performed with the possibility of stable placement of sand and unstable for boulders. 3. The method of developing bouldery alluvial mineral deposits according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the continuation of the mining ledge is performed in a concave arc with a smooth transition into the trench.

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