RU2369309C1 - Rack structure of multilevel high-density warehouse for pallets with goods combined with transport tracks for cargo transporting devices - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: packing industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to stockpiling and storing of the goods on the pallets in a multilevel warehouse, the rack structure of the latter is combined with transportation tracks of cargo transporting devices made as a transporting carriage and a loading platform. The aim of the invention consists in the development of a rack structure containing maximal storage points in its depth; the transport tracks of the structure provide for the transportation of pallets with goods by a loading platform with no transhipment from the cargo reception zone to the storage point in the rack needed and with the use of a fixed load lift and transporting carriage. The pallets with goods are moved to the unloading zone after storage at the rack.

EFFECT: possibility of complete automation of receiving the pallets with goods, their transportation to the racks and warehouse unloading zone.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of warehousing and storage of cargo on pallets in multi-tier warehouses, the rack structures of which are combined with transport routes for cargo handling devices.

There are various designs of collapsible racks intended for storage, for example pallets with cargo. For example, a folding rack [1] is known, in which the racks are made of a C-shaped profile and have T-shaped windows located along the length of the slot for mounting the brackets of the cross bars. The brackets are C-shaped and rigidly fixed to the ends of the crossbar of one of the transverse shelves. The shelves are trough-shaped and rest on the crossbar. This design is intended for use in industrial buildings and in vehicles. It is assumed that the filling of the rack will be done either manually, or with a forklift or stacker. Such a rack does not have much depth for installing pallets. The loading and unloading mechanisms must be installed through two rows of racks, which makes it necessary to have large auxiliary areas in the warehouse. Other racks for storing pallets with cargo are also known. So known modular shelving related to folding structures [2]. The vertical racks of this rack are interconnected by transverse and longitudinal rungs. The end surfaces at the ends of the longitudinal bars are rigidly connected by rectangular bars. Each bar has 3 holes in the corners and is rigidly connected by a bolt located in the 4th corner. The holes and bolt of the strap are combined with the holes of the racks. The crossbars are equipped with brackets on which box-shaped floorings are hung in the intersectional space. Like the one above, this rack does not have a large loading depth and it is assumed that it is filled either manually or using a forklift (stacker).

Currently, there is a tendency to place pallets with cargo at great depths on shelves. This method of placing pallets with cargo makes it possible to significantly increase the density of cargo storage. However, this required a radical change in the method of loading and unloading pallets with cargo. Special loading and unloading devices are being developed that make it possible to transport and install pallets with cargo to a considerable depth of the rack structure, regardless of its specific manufacture. At the same time, shelving structures are used for two purposes: both as supporting structures for pallets with cargo, and as transport routes for moving loading and unloading devices on wheels. Significant work in this direction is carried out by Westfalia Sistemtechnik in Germany. In recent years alone, based on national patent documents, 3 applications have been filed with the European Patent Office [3, 4, 5]. Closest to the claimed technical solution is the application EP 1357061 A2 [3], adopted by the applicant for the prototype. This document presents the rack structure, which is both a structure for placing pallets and transport routes for moving a transport trolley and a cargo platform attached to it. The wheels of the transport trolley move along the upper shelf of the profile of the transport path, and the wheels of the cargo platform - along its lower part. The loading platform has a lifting device for raising and lowering pallets with cargo. The pallet with cargo is delivered to the warehouse and from the warehouse by conveyor, then it is fed to the loading platform attached to the transport trolley. At this time, both the loading platform and the transport trolley are on the turntable of a multi-tiered vehicle. A multi-tier vehicle is located in the warehouse passage between the racks of high-density long-tier storage of pallets with cargo and delivers the cargo platform and the transport trolley to the desired line and the desired tier to either side of the warehouse using a turntable. From the turntable, a cargo platform with cargo, driven by a transport trolley, moves to the rack structure of the warehouse.

During movement, the load on the loading platform is in the raised position. Upon reaching the storage location of the pallet, it is lowered by the load-lifting mechanisms of the cargo platform onto the rack structure of the warehouse. This completes the process of loading a pallet with cargo into the warehouse. Unloading a pallet with cargo from the warehouse is performed in the reverse order.

Such a device of the rack structure of a warehouse of high-density long-term storage of pallets with cargo and the adopted transport system has certain disadvantages. First of all, it should be noted that the transport trolley with the cargo platform on the hitch has a considerable length, which leads to the need to have a large passage width to accommodate a multi-tiered vehicle and the large dimensions of the latter. The uneven transport routes for the cargo platform and the transport trolley on the horizontal elements of the rack require the manufacture of a profile of complex construction and high costs of both metal and money. To deliver goods on pallets to and from the warehouse, an additional transport mechanism is required - a conveyor, which occupies a certain area in the warehouse. In addition, the transport trolley has no connection with the warehouse network, which is both an advantage and a disadvantage (for example, the need for constant charging of batteries and a limited service life).

Limited Liability Company MNPP Saturn has developed an integrated transport system for a high-density long-deck cargo storage on pallets. The integrated transport system of a high-density cargo warehouse on pallets includes the following developments.

1. “Transport system for high-density cargo storage on pallets”, where cargo handling mechanisms for transporting pallets with cargo are developed.

2. "Automatic transport control system of a multi-tier warehouse of high-density storage of cells with cargo."

3. "Computer program" Intelligent warehouse ".

4. "Method and device for winding and unwinding a cable in a vehicle with an electric drive."

5. “Shelf construction of a multi-tier warehouse of high-density storage of pallets with cargo, combined with transport routes for cargo handling devices.”

For the first four developments, independent applications have been filed for patents.

This application aims to obtain a title of protection - a patent for an invention - “Shelf construction of a multi-tier warehouse of high-density storage of pallets with cargo, combined with transport routes for cargo handling devices”. When developing the claimed rack structure, the following technical problems were solved. First of all, the task was solved of developing such a rack design that could accommodate in the depth of its location the maximum possible number of places for storing pallets with cargo. The depth of such a rack structure should essentially be limited either by the dimensions of the warehouse or its module, or by the possible length of the supply cable to the cargo handling devices, which must be wound on the drum or unwound from it in time when the transport trolley or cargo platform moves. At the same time, it was necessary to provide elements in the design of the rack and transport ways along which the cable could be laid out, and the rack itself and transport routes did not lose their strength characteristics. The task was to combine the rack structure with transport routes for both the transport trolley and the cargo platform. Moreover, the transport routes should ensure, without transshipment, the entire cycle of the movement of the pallet with cargo on cargo transferring devices and the forklift from the reception zone to the dispatch zone, inclusive, including its placement on the rack. Transport ways on the rack should be such that the wheels of the loading platform move on them and pallets with cargo are placed on them. One of the tasks was to create a collapsible assembly for connecting a vertical and horizontal rack structure combined with transport routes in order to be able to disassemble and reuse them.

For a multi-tier warehouse of high-density storage of pallets with cargo, special cargo handling mechanisms were developed - a transport trolley and a cargo platform on wheels, as well as a forklift. At the same time, the principle of automated transportation of pallets with cargo was implemented. The process for the delivery of pallets with cargo to any storage place on the rack, and then, if necessary, from the rack to the shipping area is automated and is not disclosed in this application. This process is described in another application for an invention.

A feature of this application is that the transport routes are also located on a forklift for a transport trolley, which can be combined with transport routes for a transport trolley on all tiers of the warehouse, as well as transport routes on the transport trolley itself, on which the cargo platform is located. Moreover, when moving a transport trolley along its transport routes with a cargo platform located on it, transport routes on the cargo platform have the opportunity to combine with transport routes on the rack and in the areas of reception and shipment of pallets.

Declared by LLC MNPP Saturn, the rack structure of a multi-tiered warehouse or its module for high-density storage of pallets with cargo, for example, is presented in figures 1-6.

Figure 1 presents a General top view of the warehouse or its module high-density storage of pallets with cargo; figure 2 - rack design of the warehouse or its module in space; figure 3 - cargo platform on wheels; figure 4 - transport trolley on wheels; figure 5 is a fragment of a view of the rack structure with a transport trolley, a loading platform and a forklift; figure 6 - collapsible node connecting a vertical and horizontal rack structure, combined with an element of the transport path.

In a multi-tier warehouse 1 or its module, shown in FIG. 1, the following are indicated: rack structure 13 with pallets with cargo 3 placed thereon, receiving area of pallets with cargo 2, unloading area of pallets with cargo 19, separate transport routes 10 for the transport trolley, forklift 12, the coupling elements 18 of the transport routes and transport routes 26 for the cargo platform 4 in the shipping area 19 pallets with cargo 3.

Figure 2 shows the following notation: 3 - pallet with cargo; 6 - transport routes for the cargo platform 4 in the reception area of 2 pallets with cargo 3; 10 - separate transport routes for the transport trolley 8; 12 - a forklift; 18 - coupling elements of transport routes; 20 - node connecting the vertical and horizontal structures of the rack; 25 - limiters of movement.

Figure 3 shows the following notation: 7 - transport routes for the cargo platform 4; 8 - transport trolley; 9 - wheels of the transport trolley 8; 16 - cable drum on a transport trolley 8.

Figure 4 shows the following notation: 4 - cargo platform; 5 - wheels of the loading platform 4; 15 - a special chain mechanism on a cargo platform 4; 17 - cable drum on a cargo platform 4.

Figure 5 shows the following notation: 3 - pallet with cargo; 4 - cargo platform; 8 - transport trolley; 10 - separate transport routes for the transport trolley 8; 12 - forklift.

Figure 6 shows the following notation: 20 - connection node of the vertical 21 and horizontal 22 structure of the rack 13; element of the transport path 23 and the latches 24.

Storage of pallets with cargo on the rack structure of a multi-tier warehouse or its module, combined with transport routes for cargo handling devices, is carried out as follows.

At the multi-tier warehouse 1 or its module in the reception zone 2 (figure 1) comes the pallet with cargo 3, which is packaged in plastic packaging and installed on a cargo platform 4 (figure 2). The cargo platform 4 has wheels 5 (Fig. 4), which are located on transport routes 6 in the area 2 for receiving pallets with cargo 3. At the command of the operator, the cargo platform 4 moves on transport routes 6 in the area 2 for receiving pallets with cargo 3 and is installed on transport track 7, which are mounted on a transport trolley 8 (figure 3). In turn, the transport trolley 8 with wheels 9 is placed on separate transport routes 10 (Fig. 5), which are joined with transport routes 11 located on the forklift 12. On separate transport routes 10, the transport trolley 8 moves on transport routes 11 of the forklift 12. In accordance with the operator’s command according to a given program, the forklift 12 rises to a certain tier of warehouse 1 or its module and is docked on this tier with separate transport routes 10 for the transport trolley 8. Then, according to the specified In the frame, the transport trolley 8 moves to the desired line of the rack structure 13, while the transport routes 7 on the transport trolley 8 are joined with the transport routes 14 in the rack structure 13. After that, the cargo platform 4 moves along the transport paths 14 of the rack structure 13 to the desired storage location of the pallet with cargo 3, where a special chain mechanism 15 pallet with cargo 3 is unloaded on the upper shelf of the transport path 14.

When moving the transport trolley 8 and the loading platform 4 with these cargo-moving devices, a cable (not shown) is unwound from the respective reels 16 and 17, which, when moving, is laid on the horizontal coupling elements 18 of the transport paths.

After the storage period, if it is necessary to send the pallet with cargo 3 from the multi-tier warehouse 1 or its module to the consumer, the operator types the appropriate program and the loading platform 4 arrives at the place of storage of the pallet with cargo 3 and a special chain mechanism 15 loads it onto itself. Further, in accordance with the above actions, only in the reverse order, the cargo platform 4 is sent to the shipment zone of 19 pallets with cargo 3, from where the consumer picks up the cargo.

The claimed rack structure 13 of the multi-tier warehouse 1 or its module are collapsible. The connection node 20 (Fig.6) of the vertical 21 and horizontal 22 structures of the rack 13 includes an element of the transport path 23 for the cargo platform 4, as well as latches 24.

In addition, the transport routes have movement limits 25 that prevent the transport carriage 8 and the loading platform 4 from traveling outside the transport routes. In the shipment zone of 19 pallets with cargo 3, transport routes 26 for a cargo platform 4 are placed, which leaves these tracks from a transport trolley 8 located on separate transport routes 10.

Transport routes 6, 7, 10, 11 and 14, depending on the storage conditions of pallets with cargo 3, general loads and other factors, can be performed with different profiles having upper and lower shelves. For example, these transport routes can be made of a channel or an I-beam. The lower shelf of the profile is designed for wheels of cargo handling devices 4 and 8, and the upper one is for installing pallets with cargo 3.

Information sources

1. USSR author's certificate No. 1623600 A1, А47В 47/02.

2. Copyright certificate of the USSR # 1743569 A1, А47В 47/00.

3. EP 1357061 A2, B65G 1/04.

4. EP 1357062 A1, B65G 1/04.

5. EP 1516832 A1, B65G 1/137.

Claims (3)

1. The rack structure of a multi-tier warehouse or its module for high-density storage of pallets with cargo, containing transport routes for cargo handling devices made in the form of a transport trolley and a cargo platform on wheels with the possibility of placing them on a forklift, while the latter has transport routes for a transport trolley, in the rack structure are transport routes for the cargo platform, which are simultaneously the basis for the installation of pallets with cargo, moreover, at the warehouse s zones of reception and shipment of the latter, characterized in that it additionally contains separate transport routes for the transport trolley, transport routes for the cargo platform located on the transport trolley, horizontal coupling elements of the transport tracks made with the possibility of laying out the supply cable for the cargo handling devices on them, limiters the movement of the latter, a folding unit for connecting the horizontal and vertical design of the rack, including one of the transport routes, and the reception and departure zones ki of pallets with cargo, allocated in separate sections, while the transport routes for moving the transport trolley are placed on tiers of the rack structure along the fence of the warehouse or along its module perpendicular to the transport routes in the rack structure with the possibility of joining with transport tracks on the forklift, transport routes on the transport trolley made with the possibility of combining with transport routes in a rack structure, and in the areas of reception and shipment of pallets with cargo placed trans tailor tracks for moving the cargo platform, perpendicular to the transport tracks for moving the transport trolley at the lower tier level; at the end of all transport tracks, limiters for the movement of cargo-moving devices are installed, the junction of the horizontal and vertical design of the rack includes one of the transport routes, the latter having a profile with upper and lower shelves, the lower shelf being designed for wheels of cargo handling devices, and the upper one for installing pallets with cargo th. 2. The rack structure of a multi-tiered warehouse or its high-density storage module for pallets with cargo according to claim 1, characterized in that the transport routes are made of a channel. 3. The rack structure of a multi-tiered warehouse or its high-density storage module for pallets with cargo according to claim 1, characterized in that the transport routes are made of I-beam.

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