RU2359737C2 - Separator for fluid separation from gas flow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention serves for separation of fluid from gas flow. Separator includes cylindrical body with swirling device at inlet, drop catcher at outlet and rotation body - displacer between them - fluid drainage channel. Swirling device is performed from axial swirler and tangential swirler of smaller diametre coaxially arranged at axial swirler and providing the direction of flow swirling to the same side with axial swirler. Axial swirler is multi-stage with arrangement of each stage of smaller diametre at the stage of larger diametre. Displacer is performed in a form of end plug of tangential swirler with diametre larger than displacer diametre and with inclined teeth flanged along the edge towards drop catcher. Drop catcher is made of porous filtering material and performed in a form of cylinder, blind or open at one end, or rotation body expanding gas flow streamwise.

EFFECT: provision of effective liquid separation from swirled gas flow including changing loads for gas and fluid.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention is intended for the separation of liquid from a gas stream after its contact with a liquid or for separation of a gas-liquid stream and can be used in the gas, gas processing, chemical and petroleum industries. The invention can be used in processes and apparatus for the absorption of moisture by liquid absorbers, the separation of liquids from gas, for example, during the drying of natural and petroleum gas.

A device for separating a gas-liquid stream into a gas and liquid phase in the field of centrifugal forces when twisting the gas stream according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 1619528, IPC 5: B04C 3/06.

In the specified device produce:

- swirling the main gas flow on the swirl;

- separation of the gas-liquid flow in the field of centrifugal forces with the formation of a liquid film on the inner wall of the pipe;

- removal of the liquid film with a part of the gas through the channels, the gap between the nozzle and the cap film stripper.

The device includes a direct-flow centrifugal element, consisting of a cylindrical nozzle, a swirl at the inlet, a film stripper at the outlet, and a displacer between them for transferring fluid from the axis to the radius, and fluid withdrawal channels.

The disadvantage of this device is the inefficient separation of liquid droplets from the axial zone of the element, i.e. at small radii, due to small centrifugal forces, repeated crushing of fluid on the fastener elements of the displacer, crossing the pipe.

A device is known (RF patent No. 1769722, IPC B01D 45/12, 50/00) - a prototype that eliminates the above disadvantages due to additional filtering of the gas-liquid flow through a closed porous surface of the body of revolution and transfer of liquid droplets from the zero radius of the element axis to the selection channel liquids. This increases the efficiency of separating the liquid from the gas.

The device includes a base with direct-flow centrifugal elements, with swirls at the inlet of the cylindrical nozzles, cap film strippers at the outlet of the nozzles, displacers installed between them along the axis of the nozzle, made in the form of a body of revolution, which is located on the channel wall (tube) of the liquid supply filtering closed exit surface.

The disadvantages of the device are:

- reduced efficiency of the separation of the gas-liquid mixture due to repeated crushing of the liquid on the walls of the channel;

- non-uniformity of the diameter of the droplets falling off the edge of the displacer gas flow;

- significant hydraulic losses on a closed porous surface - filter;

- inefficient centrifugal separation of droplets of small diameter.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to create an effective device for separating liquid from a swirling gas stream, including under changing loads of gas and liquid.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the separator for separating liquid from the gas stream, including a cylindrical body with a vortex device at the inlet, a dropper at the outlet and a body of revolution - a displacer between them, the liquid sampling channels, the vortex device is made of an axial swirler and a tangential swirler of smaller diameter coaxially located on the axial swirler and the direction of flow swirl in one direction. The axial swirler is multi-stage, with the location of each step of a smaller diameter on the step of a larger diameter. The displacer is made in the form of an end plug of a tangential swirl with a larger diameter than that of it and with inclined teeth flanged along the edge towards the dropper. The dropper is made of porous filtering material in the form of a damped or open body of revolution or an expanding body expanding along the gas cylinder.

The technical solution improves the efficiency of the separation of liquid from gas due to the fact that:

- tangential swirling flow directed from the center to the periphery, at the intersection with the axial flow, additionally presses (transfers) and enlarges the finely dispersed drops of the axial flow to the pipe wall in a shorter section;

- separation is carried out in three stages with preliminary selection of fluid at the inlet, selection of fluid due to centrifugal forces and selection of filtered fluid on the porous surface of an open or closed body of revolution;

- possible separation of the liquid with recirculation of the gas-liquid flow at all stages of separation.

The authors and applicants are not aware of liquid separators from a gas stream in which an increase in separation efficiency and an extension of the range would be achieved in a similar manner.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the separator in section, figure 2 shows a vortex device, in section, consisting of eight axial swirlers and one tangential swirl; figure 3 shows a section bB in figure 2, figure 4 shows a section aa in figure 2.

The separator of Fig. 1 consists of a cylindrical body 1, inside of which a dropper 2 is installed at the inlet, behind which there is a vortex device 3 made of axial swirlers 4 and a tangential swirler 5. A displacer 6 is located behind the tangential swirler 5. At the outlet of the cylindrical body 1 there is a dropper 7 with a filter 8 of porous filter material. For the selection of liquid from the dropper 2, the cylindrical body 1 is equipped with a pipe 9 connected to a collector 10 for a previously separated free liquid. The liquid collector 10 is equipped with a recirculation tube for the gas-liquid mixture 11 connecting the gas cap of the liquid collector 10 and the cylindrical body 1 behind the dropper 2, fittings for level controllers 12 and a liquid withdrawal line 13 with a liquid discharge valve 14.

To take liquid from the dropper 7, the cylindrical body 1 is equipped with a nozzle 15 connected to a collector 16 for separating the separated and filtered droplet liquid. The liquid collector 16 is equipped with a gas-liquid mixture recirculation pipe 17 connecting the gas cap of the liquid collector 16 and the cylindrical body 1 along its axis in the reduced pressure zone behind the displacer 6 through the openings 18, fittings for level controls 19 and a liquid withdrawal line 20 with a liquid discharge valve 21.

The filter 8 can be made closed type with a plug-displacer 22 installed on its end and open - when it moves towards the displacer 6, in any case, the holes 18 are always between the displacer 6 and the plug-displacer 22.

The blades 23 of the axial swirler 4 are shown in figure 3; the channels 24 of the tangential swirl 5 are shown in figure 4.

The device operates as follows. The gas-liquid flow is directed to the inlet of the cylindrical body 1, where free liquid is taken from the inlet dropper 2 from the inner wall of the pipe with a part of the gas through the pipe 9 to the liquid collector 10, from where it is removed through the liquid withdrawal line 13 through the discharge valve 14 depending on the level, and the gas taken with the liquid is returned to the cylindrical body 1 through the recirculation tube of the gas-liquid mixture 11 due to the pressure difference at its inlet and outlet. The gas-liquid mixture after selection of the free liquid is directed to the vortex device 3, on which the flow is twisted, first part of the flow on the axial swirler 4, after which the remaining part of the gas-liquid mixture is moved on the tangential swirler 5. At the same time, large drops of liquid are discarded by the centrifugal field to the inner wall of the cylindrical body 1, where a film motion of the liquid is formed, which is directed towards the dropper 7.

Not discarded, finely dispersed drops of liquid coalesce with a tangential flow of a gas-liquid mixture directed from the center to the periphery at the intersection with the axial flow. The tangential flow additionally presses (transfers) and coarsens the finely dispersed droplets of the axial flow to the pipe wall in a short section of the cylindrical housing 1. Subsequent enlargement of the liquid droplets is performed on the teeth of the displacer 6, the displacer cover 22 and the filter surface 8. The fluid from the inner wall of the cylindrical housing 1 and the surface of the filter 8 is taken by a dropper 7 through the pipe 15 to the fluid collector 16, from where it is removed by level through the liquid sampling line 20 and the relief valve 21. The recirculated gas through the recirculation tube the gas-liquid mixture 17 through the holes 18 is returned to the axial zone of reduced pressure of the cylindrical body 1, located behind the displacer 6, where it is connected to the main rotating gas-liquid flow. The separated gas from the cylindrical body 1 in the form of a finished product is sent to the consumer.

This made it possible to create an effective device for separating liquid from a swirling gas stream, including at varying loads of gas and liquid.

Claims (4)

1. A separator for separating liquid from a gas stream, including a cylindrical body with a vortex device at the inlet, a droplet collector at the outlet and a rotary body — a displacer between them and liquid sampling channels, characterized in that the vortex device is made of an axial swirler and a tangential swirler of smaller diameter, coaxially located on the axial swirler and providing the direction of flow swirl in one direction with the axial swirler. 2. The separator for separating liquid from the gas stream according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial swirler is multi-stage, with the location of each stage of a smaller diameter on the stage of a larger diameter. 3. The separator for separating liquid from a gas stream according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacer is made in the form of an end plug of a tangential swirl with a larger diameter than it and with bevel teeth flanged along the edge towards the dropper. 4. The separator for separating liquid from the gas stream according to claim 1, characterized in that the dropper is made of porous filter material in the form of a damped or open body of rotation or expanding along the gas cylinder.

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