RU2355735C1 - Detergent additive to engine fuel and engine fuel containing this additive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to oil processing and petrochemistry, particularly to compositions of detergent-corrosion inhibiting additives to engine fuel for vehicles, specifically to vehicle benzenes and diesel fuel and can be used for reducing sediments in fuel tanks of vehicles and their protection from corrosion during storage. Detergent additive contains, wt %: product of boric acid concentration, diethanolamine and mixture of saturated and not-saturated fat acids of C₆-C₂₀ fraction at mole ratio 1:3:0.8 correspondingly 70-80 and mineral oil to 100. Mineral fuel contains the above said additive at volume of 2.0-10.0 wt %.

EFFECT: usage of suggested additive facilitates obtaining engine fuel with high detergent and corrosion-inhibiting properties and increasing storage time for vehicles to 2 years.

2 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to oil refining and petrochemicals, in particular to compositions of detergent-anti-corrosion additives for motor fuel for automotive vehicles, namely, automobile gasolines and diesel fuel, and can be used to reduce deposits in vehicle fuel tanks and protect them from corrosion during storage .

Known detergent additive to motor fuel, which is the product of the interaction of a mixture of fatty acid esters of C ₆ -C ₂₀ or C ₈ -C ₁₆ and mono- or di- (hydroxylhydrocarbyl) amine in a molar ratio of 1: 1. Coconut, palm, olive oil, etc. are used as the acid component. This additive is introduced into the fuel in an amount of 0.02-0.2 wt.% (Patent US 4729769, CL C10L 1/22, 03/08/1988).

The closest analogue of the proposed technical solution is a detergent additive for motor gasolines containing 40-60 wt.% The product of the interaction of distilled taly oil and / or fractions of fatty acids of taly oil with diethanolamine in their molar ratio of 3: 1, respectively, not more than 30 wt.% alkylbenzenes and up to 100 mineral oils. The additive is used in the composition of motor gasolines in a concentration of 0.03-0.2 wt.% (Patent RU 2235119 C1, class C10L 1/22, 08/27/2004).

The disadvantage of these additives is their relatively low protective efficiency, therefore, their introduction into motor fuel cannot prevent the development of corrosion processes in the fuel tanks of automotive vehicles during storage.

The objective of the invention is to provide an additive to motor fuel having both high detergent and anti-corrosion properties, and a fuel composition containing this additive.

To solve this problem, a detergent additive to motor fuel, including a nitrogen-containing product and mineral oil, as a nitrogen-containing product contains a condensation product of boric acid, diethanolamine and a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of the C ₆ -C ₂₀ fraction with a molar ratio of 1: 3: 0, 8, respectively, with the following ratio of components, wt.%:

The condensation product of boric acid, diethanolamine and a mixture of fatty acids in a molar ratio of 1: 3: 0.8 70-80 Mineral oil up to 100

It is also proposed motor fuel containing the above additive in an amount of 2.0-10.0 wt.%.

A distinctive feature of the proposed additive is that the use of a condensation product of boric acid, diethanolamine and a mixture of fatty acids as an active base in a ratio of 1: 3: 0.8 at the stated ratio of the components provides high detergent and anticorrosion properties of motor fuel.

Mineral oil plays the role of a solvent in the composition of the proposed additive, which reduces the viscosity of the additive.

The process of condensation of boric acid with diethanolamine and a mixture of fatty acids of the C ₆ -C ₂₀ fraction with other molar ratios of reagents other than those stated does not allow to obtain a product soluble in motor fuel.

As a source of the mixture of fatty acids in the preparation of the condensation product, vegetable oil (sunflower, coconut, linseed, soybean, etc.) is used.

As a mineral oil - industrial oil I-20 A, I-12 A (GOST 20799) or spindle oil AU (TU 38.101-12-58).

As motor fuel in the fuel composition, automobile gasolines and diesel fuels of any brands can be used.

A method of obtaining an active additive base is as follows.

Vegetable oil and diethanolamine (DEA) are charged into a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a Dean-Stark nozzle, a reflux condenser and a thermometer. The reaction mass is heated with stirring to 90-100 ° C, after which boric acid is introduced and the temperature of the reaction mixture is raised to 180-200 ° C, keeping it at this temperature for 2.0-2.5 hours until a homogeneous mass with amine forms number 60-80 mg HCl / g. The molar ratio of boric acid-diethanolamine-vegetable oil is 1: 3: 0.8.

The proposed additive is prepared by mixing the components at a temperature of 40-60 ° C with constant stirring. The resulting additive is introduced into the motor fuel in an amount of 2.0-10.0 wt.%, After which the mixture is stirred for 20-30 minutes.

Specific compositions of the samples of the proposed additives are given in table 1.

The test results of samples of fuel compositions containing the claimed additive are shown in table.2.

Determination of the washing efficiency of the additive was carried out on an IT motor unit according to the method included in the set of methods for qualifying grades of motor gasolines by determining the time for flushing with the test fuel compositions of contamination specially formed on the mesh element. The lower the total flushing time indicator, the greater the washing efficiency of the additive fuel.

The anticorrosive efficiency of the prepared samples of fuel compositions with the declared additive was evaluated according to GOST 18597.

Using the proposed additives allows you to get motor fuel with high detergent and anticorrosive properties and increase the shelf life of automotive vehicles up to 2 years.

Table 1 The composition of the samples of the proposed additives to motor fuel Name of components The content of components in the compositions, wt.% Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 The condensation product of boric acid, DEA and a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of the C ₆ -C ₂₀ fraction in a ratio of 1: 3: 0.8 70 75 80 69 81 Mineral oil thirty 25 twenty 31 19

table 2 Test results of motor fuel samples containing the proposed additive Indicators The declared additive additive motor fuel Prototype gasoline Base fuel one 2 3 four 5 The concentration of additives in motor fuel, wt.% 10.0 6.0 2.0 11.0 1,0 0.1 - Detergent properties: sediment washing time, min, no more than 60.0 13.9 13.5 12.3 14.0 15.0 25.1 55 Anticorrosion properties: corrosion activity of fuel under water condensation: change in the mass of a steel plate, g / m ² 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.4 1,0 2.5 4.8-7.2

Claims (2)

1. Detergent additive for motor fuel, including a nitrogen-containing product and mineral oil, characterized in that, as a nitrogen-containing product, it contains a condensation product of boric acid, diethanolamine and a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of fraction C ₆ -C ₂₀ in a 1: 3 molar ratio : 0.8, respectively, with the following ratio of components, wt.%:
The condensation product of boric acid, diethanolamine and fatty acid mixtures in a molar ratio of 1: 3: 0.8 70-80 Mineral oil Up to 100 2. Motor fuel containing a detergent additive, characterized in that as a detergent additive it contains the additive according to claim 1 in an amount of 2.0-10.0 wt.%.