RU2353431C1 - Desintegrator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engineering industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for crushing various materials. Desintegrator consists of a cylindrical housing with axial charging mechanism and tangential discharging mechanism, and upper and lower horizontal plates with rows of striking elements rigidly fixed thereon. Each of them is located between rows of striking elements of the opposite plate, thus forming together with inner surface of the housing a milling chamber. Rows of striking elements are located along concentric circles, and axial clearances between rows of striking elements in cross section of the milling chamber vary uniformly along perimeter of the circle. Axial clearances have maximum and minimum value every 180°. Cross section of the striking element at minimum axial clearance between the rows represents a rectangle or a shape similar to rectangle with b and h sides, where h=1.1…1.2b. Cross section of the striking element at maximum axial clearance between rows represents a square or a shape similar to the square with b side. Distances between the striking elements in one row are equal to each other, or decrease in the direction from the milling chamber centre to periphery of plates.

EFFECT: intensifying milling process, and improving fineness of ready product.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for grinding various materials and can be used in the production of building materials, as well as in other industries.

A known design of a disintegrator containing a cylindrical body, inside of which there are two rotors rotating in opposite directions in the form of disks with shock elements in the form of blades and rotated at an angle in adjacent concentric rows (USSR author's certificate No. 1572694, class V02C 13/22, 1990) .

A disintegrator is also known, the last row of shock elements of which is made in the form of fingers. The outlet pipe is located tangentially to the cage of the disintegrator (USSR copyright certificate No. 908383, class B02C 13/22, 1979).

The disadvantages of the known designs is the lack of efficiency of the grinding process and the low fineness of grinding.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a disintegrator containing a case in which horizontal disks are placed coaxially above each other, containing shock elements mounted on the sides of the squares with a common center (USSR author's certificate No. 1694211, class V02C 13/22, 1989).

However, this device is characterized by low efficiency of the grinding process. This is due to low crushing and abrasion forces on the material due to the significant inter-row space and low tensile forces due to the large maximum axial clearance between the rows.

The invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of the grinding process by increasing the number of particle collisions in the grinding chamber and enhancing the crushing-abrasion effect.

This is achieved by the fact that in a disintegrator containing a cylindrical body with axial loading and tangential unloading devices and with upper and lower horizontal disks placed in the body with the possibility of counter rotation with rows of shock elements rigidly fixed on them, each of which is located between the rows of shock elements of the opposite the disk, forming a grinding chamber with the inner surface of the housing, while according to the proposed solution, the rows of shock elements are arranged in concentric conditions, and the axial gaps between the rows of percussion elements in the cross section of the grinding chamber vary equally along the circumference and have a maximum and minimum value, respectively, every 180 °, and the cross section of the percussion element with a minimum axial clearance between the rows is a rectangle or a figure close to a rectangle with sides b and h, where h = 1,1 ... 1,2b, and the cross section of the impact element with a maximum axial clearance between the rows is a square or a figure close to quad mouth with side b, while the distances between the shock elements in each row are equal to each other and decrease from the center of the grinding chamber to the periphery of the disks.

On the upper surface of the Central part of the lower disk can be rigidly fixed device for uniform accelerated supply of material to the rows of shock elements.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a disintegrator, a longitudinal section aa; figure 2 is a disintegrator, a longitudinal section BB, figure 3 is a transverse section BB of the grinding chamber, figure 4, 5, 6 are respectively a longitudinal section GG, a longitudinal section DD and a transverse section EE with a device for uniform accelerated material supply to the rows of percussion elements.

The disintegrator consists of a cylindrical housing 1, in the lateral part of which a discharge device is installed in the form of a tangential discharge pipe 2, and in the center, on the upper part of the cylindrical housing 1, is installed, for example, in a bearing support (not shown in FIG.) Mounted on a cylindrical the housing 1 by means of a bolted connection, the axial loading pipe 3 rotatably, while the rotation of the axial loading pipe receives from the electric motor through a V-belt transmission (not shown in Fig.). To the lower end of the axial loading nozzle 3 is rigidly fixed, for example, by bolting, the upper horizontal disk 4, which contains the shock elements 5 located along its concentric circles.

In the lower part of the cylindrical housing 1, a lower horizontal disk 6 is mounted for rotation on a shaft 7 mounted in a bearing assembly (not shown in FIG.) Mounted on the lower surface of the outer side of the cylindrical housing 1, for example, by a bolted connection. The lower horizontal disk 6 receives rotation from the electric motor through a V-belt drive (not shown in FIG.).

The lower horizontal disk 6, like the upper horizontal disk 4, contains percussion elements 8 arranged in concentric circles, and the percussion elements 5 of the upper horizontal disk 4 are located between the percussion elements 8 of the lower horizontal disk 6. The working surface of the percussion elements is traditionally flat. The upper horizontal disk 4 and the lower horizontal disk 6 together with the inner surface of the housing form a grinding chamber, in which the height of the shock elements is the maximum possible, taking into account technological gaps.

A device for uniform accelerated distribution of the material is a horizontal disk 12 with vertical blades, rigidly, for example, bolted, mounted on the lower horizontal disk 6, while the vertical blades are rigidly, for example by welding, mounted on the disk 12 and bent towards the rotation of the disk 6 .

If on the lower horizontal disk 6 there is no device for uniform accelerated distribution of the material, the function of the horizontal disk 12 is performed by the first inner row of impact elements, which somewhat reduces the grinding efficiency.

The axial clearances 9, 10, 11 between adjacent rows of percussion elements belonging to the upper and lower disks in the cross section of the grinding chamber vary equally along the circumference and have a maximum and minimum value every 180 °. The cross section of the shock element with a minimum axial clearance between the rows is a rectangle or a figure close to a rectangle with sides b and h, where h = 1,1 ... 1,2b, and the cross section of the shock element at the maximum axial gap between the rows is a square or a figure close to a square with side b, while the distances between the shock elements in each row are equal to each other, and between the rows decrease from the center of the grinding chamber to the periphery of the disks.

The maximum axial cross-sectional dimension of the shock elements is determined from the condition h = 1,1 ... 1,2b, where b is the minimum cross-sectional dimension of the shock element. Based on the uniformly varying dimensions of the axial clearances, the geometrical shape of the shock elements in the cross section also varies equally from b × b dimensions (for example, 10 × 10 mm) to b × h sizes (for example, 10 × 12 mm). In this case, the axial distances between the rows of shock elements of the upper disk and the rows of shock elements of the lower disk placed between them vary within 180 ° from 0.7 ... 1.3 to 2.7 ... 3.3 mm.

The installation of shock elements with a stated change in axial clearances in the cross section of the grinding chamber in this connection with the other elements of the disintegrator allows to increase the number of interactions of material particles with each other and the shock elements, crushing force and increase the effect of destruction of the material from the action of abrasive forces due to an increase in the concentration of material particles between in rows while decreasing the inter-row axial clearance, which is cyclical in nature, which leads to an increase in ti grinding process and increase productivity disintegrator class finished crushed material.

The disintegrator works as follows. The crushed material, for example limestone with a humidity of up to 10%, enters the axial loading pipe 3, after which it is sent to the lower disk 6 and, under the action of centrifugal forces arising from the rotation of the lower disk 6 and the disk 12, is discarded to the first row of impact elements 5, where partial grinding. Having passed the first row of shock elements, the material falls into the inter-row axial clearance 9 having a variable cross section. In this gap, the material is subjected to intense impact and abrasion loads, which are cyclical in nature due to the successive decrease and increase in the row spacing formed by the axial gap and the height of the grinding chamber, after which, under the action of centrifugal forces, the material is in the axial spacing 10 and 11, in which the material also subjected to intense shock and abrasive loads (Fig.1-6). After passing the inter-row space, the finished product is removed from the disintegrator through the tangential unloading device 2.

Claims (2)

1. A disintegrator comprising a cylindrical body with axial loading and tangential unloading devices and with upper and lower horizontal disks placed in the body with the possibility of counter rotation with rows of shock elements rigidly fixed on them, each of which is located between the rows of shock elements of the opposite disk, forming with the inner surface of the housing grinding chamber, characterized in that the rows of percussion elements are arranged in concentric circles, and the axial gaps between the rows of percussion of the elements in the cross section of the grinding chamber vary equally along the circumference and have a maximum and minimum value every 180 °, and the cross section of the impact element with a minimum axial clearance between the rows is a rectangle or close to a rectangle with sides b and h, where h = 1 , 1 ... 1,2b, and the cross section of the shock element at the maximum axial clearance between the rows is a square or close to a square with side b, while the distances between the shock elements in each row are equal to each other oh, and decrease from the center of the grinding chamber to the periphery of the discs. 2. The disintegrator according to claim 1, characterized in that on the upper surface of the Central part of the lower disk is rigidly fixed device for uniform accelerated supply of material to the rows of shock elements.

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