RU2714774C1 - Centrifugal disk shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: disintegrators and crushing devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for grinding material. Disclosed is a centrifugal disk shredder comprising a cylindrical housing with loading and unloading pipes, opposed top and bottom disks. Upper surface of lower disk and lower surface of upper disc are tapered with angle of inclination of generatrix α>ϕ, where ϕ is angle of natural slope of material. On the upper surface of the lower disc and on the lower surface of the upper disc there are concentric ledges and grooves of a semicircular cross-section, the size of which decreases from the center of the disks to their periphery from 2D_max to (0.1…0.5)D_max, where D_max is the maximum size particles of ground material. Ledges of upper disc with process clearance enter into grooves of lower disk, protrusions of lower disc have tangential rectangular cutouts along entire length of circle in direction of rotation of upper disk, height and width of each cut coincides with depth and width of corresponding groove.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at improvement of grinding process efficiency.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for grinding various materials and can be used in the production of building materials, as well as in other industries.

A known design of a centrifugal impact mill (USSR Author's Certificate for the invention No. 671839, V02C 13/14, publ. 07/05/1979, bull. No. 25), containing a step housing, each subsequent stage in which, counting in the direction of movement of the material, made a larger diameter horizontally located in the case of a stepped rotor with beater, loading and unloading pipe.

The technical problem of the known design is the low efficiency of the grinding process and low fineness.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one adopted as a prototype is a centrifugal disk chopper (RF Patent for utility model No. 145376, V02C 13/20, publ. 09/20/2014, bull. No. 26), containing a cylindrical body with loading and unloading nozzles, oppositely rotating flat upper and lower disks with percussion elements, percussion elements are made in the form of a spiral, which are directed in opposite directions on the upper and lower disks.

With the essential features of the claimed invention the following set of features of the prototype coincides: a cylindrical body with loading and unloading nozzles and oppositely rotating upper and lower disks.

However, the known device is characterized by low efficiency of the grinding process. This is due to the low intensity of movement of material particles in the working space between the upper and lower disks and minor crushing loads on the crushed material.

The invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of the grinding process by increasing the intensity of the movement of particles of the material, as well as the selective effect on the material depending on its size.

This is achieved by the fact that the centrifugal disk grinder comprises a cylindrical body with loading and unloading nozzles, oppositely rotating upper and lower disks. According to the proposed solution, the upper surface of the lower disk and the lower surface of the upper disk are conical with an inclination angle of the generatrix α> ϕ, where ϕ is the angle of repose of the material. Concentric protrusions and grooves of a semicircular cross section are made on the upper surface of the lower disk and on the lower surface of the upper disk, the size of which decreases from the center of the disks to their periphery from 2D _max to (0.1 ... 0.5) D _max , where D _max is the maximum particle size of the crushed material. The protrusions of the upper disk with a technological gap are included in the grooves of the lower disk. The protrusions of the lower disk have tangential rectangular cutouts along the entire circumference in the direction of rotation of the upper disk. The height and width of each cutout matches the depth and width of the corresponding groove.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows a section AA in FIG. 2; in FIG. 2 - section BB in FIG. 1 (lower disk); in FIG. 3 is a section bb in FIG. 1 (top drive).

The centrifugal disk grinder contains a cylindrical body 1 with loading 2 and discharge 3 nozzles. The upper disk 4 is attached to the loading nozzle 2. The lower shaft 5 is located in the lower part of the housing 1, to which the lower disk 6 is rigidly attached, for example, by welding. The upper surface of the lower disk 6 and the lower surface of the upper disk 4 are conical with an inclination angle α> ϕ, where ϕ is the angle of repose of the material.

On the upper surface of the lower disk 6 and on the lower surface of the upper disk 4, concentric protrusions 7 and 8 and grooves 9 and 10 are made, respectively, having a semicircular cross section. The semicircular cross-sectional size decreases from the center of the disks 4 and 6 to their periphery from 2D _max in the central part of the disks to (0.1 ... 0.5) D _max - at their periphery, where D _max - the maximum particle size of the crushed material. The protrusions 8 of the upper disk 4 with a technological gap enter the grooves 9 of the lower disk 6. The protrusions 7 of the lower disk 6 have tangential rectangular cutouts 11 along the entire circumference in the direction of rotation of the upper disk 4. The height and width of each tangential rectangular cutout 11 matches the depth and width the corresponding groove 9. To prevent jamming of the material in the vertical gap between the troughs of the grooves of the lower disk 6 and the protrusions 8 of the upper disk 4, a spring support 12 is installed, by means of which the upper disk 4 cr pitsya to the feed pipe 2.

Centrifugal disk grinder operates as follows. The crushed material, for example limestone, with a humidity of up to 2%, enters the loading nozzle 2, then into the gap between the conical surfaces of the lower 6 and upper 4 discs rotating in opposite directions from the lower shaft 5 and the loading nozzle 2, respectively. Particles of material move along the paths of the concentric grooves 9, having a semicircular cross section and located on the lower disk 6. With this movement during the oncoming rotation of the disks 4 and 6, the material particles are crushed due to crushing and abrasion in the gaps between the grooves 9 of the lower disk 6 and the protrusions 8 of the upper disk 4, as well as between the grooves 10 of the upper disk 4 and the protrusions 7 of the lower disk 6. Upon reaching the required size, the particles are carried out by centrifugal force into tangential rectangular cutouts 11 on the protrusions 7 of the lower disk 6 and go into the following concentric grooves 9 of this disk. Unbreakable pieces of material are unloaded by lifting the upper disk 4 while compressing the spring support 12. The finished product flies out of the housing 1 through the discharge pipe 3. To ensure the movement of particles from the center of the lower disk 6 to its periphery, the upper surface of the lower disk 6 and the lower surface of the upper disk 4 are conical with an inclination angle of the generatrix α> ϕ. Since the particles of material, when moving from the center to the periphery of the lower disk 6, are reduced in size, the cross-sectional dimensions of the concentric grooves 9 and 10 and the protrusions 7 and 8 of the lower 6 and upper 4 disks are reduced, as well as the cross-sectional dimensions of the tangential rectangular cutouts 11 in the protrusions 7 located on the lower disk 6. The presence of tangential rectangular cutouts 11 on the protrusions 7 of the lower disk 6 ensures timely removal of the finished material by size, located between the concentric channels vkami 9 and 10 and protrusions 7 and 8, respectively, of the lower 6 and upper 4 disks. The design of a centrifugal disk grinder with oppositely rotating lower 6 and upper 4 disks having conical working surfaces on which concentric grooves 9 and 10 and protrusions 7 and 8 are made with a decreasing semicircular cross section allows increasing the intensity of the impact on the particles of the crushed material depending on their size and provide a selective effect on the crushed material.

All of the above will improve the efficiency of the grinding process, thereby increasing productivity in the finished class of crushed material.

Claims (1)

A centrifugal disk grinder, comprising a cylindrical body with loading and unloading nozzles, oppositely rotating upper and lower disks, characterized in that the upper surface of the lower disk and the lower surface of the upper disk are conical with an inclination angle of the generatrix α> ϕ, where ϕ is the angle of repose of the material , on the upper surface of the lower disk and on the lower surface of the upper disk, concentric protrusions and grooves of a semicircular cross section are made, the size of which decreases from Centralized discs to their periphery by 2D _max to (0,1 ... 0,5) D _max, wherein D _max - maximum particle size of the crushed material, with the top disc protrusions technological gap includes a lower disc grooves, the lower disc protrusions are tangential rectangular cutouts along the entire circumference in the direction of rotation of the upper disk, the height and width of each notch coincides with the depth and width of the corresponding groove.

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