RU2347560C2 - Method for treatment of neat cattle necrobacteriosis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: infected hoof is prepared by means of its cleaning and cutting. Afterwards formalin-based medication is immediately applied. After formalin-based medication has been applied, hoof is treated with panthenol in amount of 30-40 g. Then if required, it is additionally treated with 10% zinc ointment or 10% Ichthyol ointment or successively with both ointments.

EFFECT: lower number of treatments, increased resistance of skin to different unfavourable effects, lower number of complications.

1 tbl, 7 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine, in particular to methods for treating animal necrobacteriosis.

A known method of treatment and prevention of necrobacteriosis of ruminants by running them through a bath with 10% formalin solution (Instruction GUV Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR, 1971 for the prevention and elimination of necrobacteriosis of sheep and goats. / Veterinary law. T. 1. - M .: Kolos, 1972. - C.263).

Formalin - 37.5% solution of formaldehyde in water.

Formaldehyde is an aldehyde of formic acid (CH ₂ O). Colorless gas with a sharp peculiar odor. At -21 ° C it turns into a liquid, and at -92 ° C it freezes. It dissolves in water and alcohol in any ratio. It is obtained by passing hot air (45-50 ° C) through a pair of methyl alcohol over hot copper.

Formaldehyde easily polymerizes, turning into dioximethylene (C ₂ H ₄ O ₂ ), trioxymethylene (C ₃ H ₆ O ₃ ) and other polymers. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, with phenol, camphor, menthol, thymol and resorcinol. In the presence of sulfuric acid it polymerizes, with ammonia and ammonium salts it is neutralized with the formation of urotropine (CH ₂ ) ₆ N ₄ .

Formalin is used for disinfection of enclosed spaces, for the disinfection of linen, non-bulky care items, as an anti-scabbing agent (2-5 -% liniment); as a cauterizing and antimicrobial agent in the form of a 10% solution for animal necrobacillosis (Mozgov I.N., Pharmacology. - M .: Kolos. - 1969. - P.340.).

A significant disadvantage of this method is the low therapeutic and prophylactic effectiveness in necrobacteriosis and the appearance of unwanted complications and relapses. In addition, formalin solution has a pronounced mummifying effect, i.e. denaturing proteins (Pharmacotherapy in dentistry / Marchenko A.I., Kononovich E.F., Solntseva T.A. - K .: Health, 1986. - P.28).

In the treatment of acute cases of necrobacteriosis, a sanitizing dressing based on hydrophilic clay with the addition of 20% formalin or gypsum with the addition of 15% formalin is used as an etiotropic drug with reduced irritating properties. Clay with water acquires a creamy consistency at a concentration of 55-65%, and gypsum, respectively - 71-76%. In this condition, the drug is easily applied to the affected limb with a brush or a wooden spatula and is well fixed, acquiring the properties of a sanitizing dressing (K. Melnikova. Method for the treatment of cattle necrobacteriosis. / K.V. Melnikova // RU 2175867 - C2, 7 A61K 31/00, 35/78, A61D 7/00, 11/20/2001, Bull. No. 32).

As an anti-inflammatory, local anesthetic, antiseptic, 10% ichthyol ointment is used (Klyuev M.A. Medicines: 5000 kinds of drugs and their forms: Reference book / M.A. Klyuev, V.A. Ermakova, R. S. Skulkova // Edited by M.A. Klyuyev. - M .: Book House LOCUS, RIPOL CLASSIC, 2004. - p.239). Ichthyolum (Ichthyolum), ammonium salt of sulphonic acids of shale oil. With prolonged use causes irritation (Handbook of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy / Chekman I.S., Poleshchuk A.P., Pyatak O.A. et al .; edited by I.S. Chekman, A.P. Poleshchuk, O .A. Pyatakeka. - K.: Health, 1987. - P.696.)

In medical practice, with long-term non-healing aseptic wounds, trophic ulcers, and fissures, panthenol is used, a spray that has an anti-inflammatory effect, promotes granulation and epithelization of wounds. The active principle of the drug dexpanthenol on the surface of the wound passes into pantothenic acid, which, as an integral part of coenzyme A, plays an important role in the processes of acetylation and oxidation, is involved in carbohydrate, fat metabolism and acetylcholine synthesis. 100 g of panthenol spray contains 4.63 g of dexpanthenol, the rest is excipients: liquid wax, emulsifying cetyl stearyl alcohol, liquid paraffin. (Klyuev M.A. Medicines: 5000 names of medicines and their forms: Reference book / M.A. Klyuev, V.A. Ermakova, R.S. Skulkova // Edited by M.A. Klyuev. - M .: Book House LOCUS, RIPOL CLASSIC, 2004. - p.424. Instructions for medical use. Reg. No. 012187 / 01-2000).

The objective of the invention includes: increasing the therapeutic effectiveness of formalin by reducing the frequency of treatments; reducing the number of complications, treating long-term non-healing necrobacterious lesions of the limbs, increasing the resistance of the skin to various adverse effects.

This is achieved by the use of etiotropic and pathogenetic drugs that inactivate the pathogen and associated microflora, reduce inflammation and stimulate regenerative processes, increase the density of the surface tissue of the hoof.

If the causative agent is first eliminated with formalin on the surface of the ulcer, then subsequent use of drugs with a resorptive and anti-inflammatory effect: 10% ichthyol and 10% zinc ointments in combination with panthenol will have a good therapeutic effect.

Before providing medical care, sick animals are isolated in a disinfected dry room

A method of treating necrobacteriosis includes preparing an infected hoof by clearing and removing the overgrown parts of the horn shoe. Before cleaning, they are inspected and the degree of growth and destruction of the horny parts, the presence of cracks and creases, the condition of the skin of the set of fingers and its sections are determined.

Depending on the complexity of the surgical treatment, the following tools are used: an ungulate knife, secateurs or ungulate mites.

For the treatment of cows with necrobacteriosis (ulceration in the skin of the plantar surface of the fingers and corolla of the 2nd and 5th fingers, purulent-necrotic processes of the skin base of the hoof, stronger regrowth and partial exfoliation of the wall of the hoof of the hoof), the group method of treating animals in baths filled with a sanitizing mass containing formalin and clay, recommended for individual treatment and heated to 40-45 ° C in combination with panthenol, zinc ointment and ichthyol. For control, drugs are used individually or in combination, but without panthenol.

21 days after the last treatment, the treated animals were examined. As a result, a complicated form of necrobacteriosis (extensive inflammatory edema, soreness, osteitis and hoof joint arthritis) was found in 83 (31%) of 263 cows treated with 10% formalin solution. The causative agent of the disease Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus - anaerobic toxin-forming microorganisms were found in 22 cows (27%), which indicates the possibility of sepsis.

For the treatment and prevention of sepsis, it was more economical and appropriate to use a dressing in combination with panthenol, zinc ointment and ichthyol.

In this case, the affected area is treated with a sanitizing mass of formalin and clay, after three days - with panthenol, applying a plentiful foam (30-40 g, in a bottle - 130 g) of the drug to the affected area, followed by the application of a sealing cotton-cellophane dressing for 1 day. Then, the affected limb surface is additionally treated with 10% ichthyol ointment every other day, and another day with 10% zinc ointment. The use of drugs was alternated every day until the animal was completely cured.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by examples.

7 groups of animals were formed with approximately the same degree of damage to the hooves.

Example 1. Cows of the first control group (263 heads) with an acute form of lesion are treated with 10% formalin solution according to the guidelines.

The diagnosis of necrobacteriosis is made in the presence of the following symptoms: soreness, swelling, an increase in the local temperature of the hoof, ulceration of the skin of the crumb, corolla, and inter-hoof gap. The surface of the ulcer is covered with ichoric exudate with a specific odor. The animal does not rely on a sick limb. Microscopy of fingerprints prepared from the surface of ulcers reveals characteristic gram-negative bacilli connected in a thread - Fusobacterium necrophorum.

The hooves are cleared and trimmed with hoof tongs. Necrotic tissue is removed with a hoofed knife. Pollution is washed away by a stream of water.

A bath is prepared with a known composition - 10% formalin solution (control group). They drive the animals through the prepared bath (with the obligatory immersion of the limbs into the solution) with exposure to it for two minutes. After that, the cows are transferred to a dry and clean area and kept on it for two hours.

The treatment with formalin solution (by running the animals through the bath) is repeated three times in three days, with the treatment repeated in a week.

The animals are then kept under normal conditions and monitored. The cure of the animals was observed after 21 days.

The recovery of a sick animal is considered to be: the disappearance of lameness, painlessness, normal local temperature and the absence of a specific smell in the limbs, the cessation of the formation of ichorotic exudate, and the wound is coated with granulations. In smear-prints, at first, the stick of necrosis disappears, and then coccal and gram-positive microflora.

Example 2. Cows of the first experimental group (17 goals) with signs of necrobacillosis disease (the diagnosis was established analogously to example 1) is treated with a combined method.

Immediately after clearing and trimming, a sanitizing dressing is applied to the diseased hoof. Three days later, in the absence of ichorotic exudate, a panthenol emulsion is applied to the surface of the wound. Every 1-2 days, dressings with panthenol are changed.

A sanitizing dressing is prepared as follows: hydrophilic red clay (Clay (honey) // BSE. - 3rd ed. - M., 1971. - T. 6. - p. 591) is dried to constant weight in an oven at a temperature 70-80 ° C, pour formalin (3: 1). Before use, water (boiling water) is added to the resulting mass to obtain a concentration of 55-60%. As a result of the experiment, we established the absorption of some microorganisms by clay. So, the amount of E. coli in a liquid medium in the presence of clay is reduced by three to four times.

Formaldehyde acts by drying and neutralizing necrotic tissues after their devitalization.

Cows are treated immediately after their preparation. Treated cows are kept in a dry and clean area for 2 hours. The therapeutic effect is carried out and determined analogously to example 1.

Example 3. Cows of the second experimental group (34 heads), with a clinic of acute necrobacteriosis (the diagnosis was established analogously to example 1), treated with a combined method.

A sanitizing dressing is applied to diseased hooves after clearing and trimming. A day later, panthenol is applied to the inflamed tissue under a bandage, a day later 10% zinc ointment, and a day later 10% ichthyol ointment. The course of treatment is repeated 3 days before recovery. Exposure exposure and therapeutic effect is carried out and determined analogously to example 1.

Example 4. Cows of the third experimental group (23 heads), with signs of necrobacteriosis (the diagnosis was established similarly to experiment 1), treated with a combined method.

After clearing and trimming the hooves are covered with a sanitizing dressing, and after 1-2 days they are smeared with 10% zinc ointment, and another day with panthenol. Exposure exposure and therapeutic effect is carried out and determined analogously to example 1.

Example 5. Cows of the second control group (11 goals) with acute necrobacteriosis are treated with panthenol according to the instructions.

After clearing and trimming the hooves are covered with panthenol emulsion.

Exposure exposure and therapeutic effect is carried out and determined analogously to example 1.

Example 6. Cows of the third control group (9 goals) with acute necrobacteriosis, (the diagnosis is established analogously to example 1) is treated with 10% zinc ointment according to the instructions.

After clearing and trimming the hooves are covered with zinc ointment.

Exposure exposure and therapeutic effect is carried out and determined analogously to example 1.

Example 7. Cows of the fourth experimental group (25 animals) with signs of necrobacillosis (the diagnosis was established analogously to example 1) is treated with a combined method.

After clearing and trimming the hooves are covered with a sanitizing dressing, and after 1-2 days they are smeared with 10% ichthyol ointment, and another day with panthenol. Exposure exposure and therapeutic effect is carried out and determined analogously to example 1. The results of all tests are shown in the table.

Table Test results for the treatment of cows with necrobacteriosis Method of treatment Example Number The number of animals in the experience The healing effect of healthy animal heads,% Number of treatments Relapses and complications of goals,% one 2 3 four 5 6 10% formalin solution one 263 92 35 6 83 31 Sanitary dressing in combination with panthenol 2 17 10 58 four - - Sanitary dressing in combination with panthenol, ichthyol and zinc ointments 3 34 27 79 5 - - Sanitary dressing in combination with panthenol and zinc ointment four 23 12 52 four - - Panthenol 5 eleven 5 46 6 - - Zinc ointment 6 9 3 33 6 - - Sanitary dressing in combination with panthenol and ichthyol ointment 7 25 12 48 5 - -

From the data in the table it follows that, compared with the control group (example 1), the proposed method provides:

- increase the therapeutic effect from 35 to 79%, i.e. more than twice;

- elimination of side complications and recurrent diseases;

- no special bathtubs required;

- a reduction in the consumption of the main substance by 5-8 times (when applying formalin in the form of a solution per animal, 2-2.5 liters of solution or 200-250 ml of pure formalin are consumed, when applying formalin in the form of a sanitizing dressing, 200 g of treatment is used per animal mass or 40 g of pure formalin);

- reduction in the number of treatments from 6 to 4;

- the economic efficiency of the method is from 700 to 2000 rubles per cow (in the treatment of initial cases of the disease, treatment is associated with restoration of milk production only, in the treatment of subacute, chronic and especially complicated course of animals with reduced weight - restoration of appetite and fatness, which bring significant benefits );

- drugs are available, environmentally friendly, do not require the construction of special bathtubs, are widely and universally found in all areas of the country.

Information sources

Instruction GUV Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR, 1971 on the prevention and elimination of necrobacteriosis of sheep and goats. / Veterinary legislation. t.1 - M .: Kolos, 1972. - p.263.

Klyuev M.A. Medicines: 5000 names of medicines and their forms: Reference book / M.A. Klyuyev, V.A. Ermakova, R.S. - M.: Book House LOCUS, RIPOL CLASSIC, 2004. - 768 p.

Instructions for medical use of panthenol spray. Reg. No. 012187 / 01-2000.

Melnikova K.V. A method for the treatment of necrobacteriosis in cattle / K.V. Melnikova // RU 2175867 - C2, 7 A61K 31/00, 35/78, A61D 7/00, 11/20/2001, Bull. Number 32.

Mozgov I.N. Pharmacology. - M .: Kolos. - 1969. - p. 340.

Clay (honey.) // TSB. - 3rd ed. - M., 1971. - T. 6. - S.591.

Pharmacotherapy in dentistry / Marchenko A.I., Kononovich E.F., Solntseva T.A. - K .: Health, 1986. - p. 28.

Handbook of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy / Chekman I.S., Poleschuk A.P., Pyatak O.A. and etc.; under the editorship of I.S. Chekman, A.P. Poleshchuk, O.A. Pyataka. - K .: Health, 1987. - P.696.

Claims (1)

A method for treating cattle necrobacteriosis, which involves preparing an infected hoof and treating it with a formalin-based preparation, characterized in that after applying the preparation with formalin, the hooves are treated with panthenol in an amount of 30-40 g, then, if necessary, additionally treated with 10% zinc ointment or 10% ichthyol ointment or sequentially with both ointments.