RU2340151C1 - Stepped disc-hoe boot - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: hoe boot consists of the hull with its attachment lug to the tow bar, arm, freely rotating flat disc, anker-scrapper bar with a fertiliser-seed guide pipe with side frames. Disc is arranged at an angle towards the movement direction. One side frame of the anker is made as a bent at an angle vertical wall. The wall is stretched along the external surface of the fertiliser-seed guide; its front part is turned till touching the disc. A flat freely rotating disc is used as the second side frame of the anker-scrapper bar. The arm is rigidly fixed to the hull. The arm is made as a plate with mount assembly and openings for fixation of the drag sealer and additional changeable anker-scrapper bar. Anker-scrapper bar with a seed-fertiliser guide pipe and additional anker-scrapper bar are set on the arm consecutively one after the other, shifted transversely and at levers over each other. Changeable anker-scrapper bar in one of the options is made as unilateral flattered wedge with a fertiliser-guide pipe. Top of the wedge is set 3...5 cm lower than the low-edge of the side frame of the anker-scrapper bar, and its generant is set with a tilt of 15...25° against the vertical. In the other option changeable anker-scrapper bar is made as a scuffle knife-wedge with a seed-fertiliser guide pipe. Vertex angle of the scuffle knife - wedge is less than 30°, lifting angle of the wedge is not more than 15°, and the top of the scuffle-knife is 2...3 cm above the lower edge of the side frame of anker-scrapper bar.

EFFECT: will ensure staged strip seeding and mineral fertiliser dressing.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the openers of seeders for sowing crops.

Known single-disc opener (SU 207509 A, 12/22/1967), comprising a housing with a mounting unit for its attachment to a leash, a flat disk mounted at an angle to the direction of movement, a seed guide parallel to the surface of the disk, and a follower installed behind it.

A disadvantage of the known device is that such a coulter does not produce strip sowing, does not provide a dense bed for seeds and tier placement of sowing materials.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a combined disc-anchor coulter (RU 2249936 C1, 04/20/2005) selected as a prototype, comprising a housing with a mounting unit for mounting it to a leash, an arm, a flat, freely rotating disk mounted at an angle to the direction of movement , an anchor-bed forger having a tube-seventy guide and sidewalls, one of which, made in the form of a vertical wall bent at an angle, is stretched along the outer side of the seventh guide with rotation of its front part d about touching the disc.

The advantage of the known device is that the combined disk-anchor opener provides a dense seed bed and strip sowing of crops.

A disadvantage of the known device is that such a coulter cannot produce tiered placement of sowing materials (seeds and fertilizers) - sowing is carried out only in one horizon.

An object of the invention is the implementation of longline strip sowing of seeds and the application of mineral fertilizers.

The task is achieved in that in a longline disk-anchor opener containing a housing with a mounting unit for its attachment to a leash, an arm, a flat, freely rotating disk mounted at an angle to the direction of movement, an anchor-layer having a guide tube and sidewalls, one of which made in the form of a vertical wall bent at an angle, stretched along the outer side of the seventh guide with rotation of its front part until it touches the disk, according to the invention as a second sidewall of the bed-anchor To eat, they use a flat, freely rotating disk, while the bracket is rigidly fixed to the body and is made in the form of a plate with a mounting unit and holes for fastening the anchor-bed forger with a tube-seven-guide and an additional anchor-bed former are mounted on the bracket one after the other with a shift in the transverse direction and tiered with respect to each other, and the interchangeable anchor-bed forger is made either in the form of a one-sided truncated wedge with a pipe-guide, the top of which is located 3 ... 5 cm lower than the lower edge of the sidewall of the anchor-bed forger, and its generatrix is inclined 15 ... 25 ° relative to the vertical or in the form of a one-sided flat-cutting paw-wedge with a tube-seed tube, the opening angle of which is less than 30 °, the wedge lifting angle is not more than 15 °, and its top is located 2 ... 3 cm above the lower edge of the sidewall of the anchor-bed forger.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a longline disk-anchor opener for strip sowing of grain seeds and placement of the main dose of mineral fertilizers at different depths below the seed level, side view; figure 2 is the same, a top view; figure 3 is the same, rear view; figure 4 - longline disk-anchor opener for strip sowing of grain seeds and sowing above their level - in the 1st tier - small seeded crops, side view; 5 is the same, a top view; 6 is the same, rear view.

The coulter contains a housing 1 with a mount to a leash 2, a flat freely rotating disk 3 with an axis 4, rigidly fixed to the housing 1; the bracket 5, rigidly connected to the housing 1, with the mounting unit 6 and the holes 7. To the bracket 5 with the mounting unit 6 sequentially one after another, offset in the transverse direction and tier relative to each other, an anchor-layer 8 with a tube-guide tube 9 is attached and removable (mounted for their intended purpose), bed-forming anchors 10 and 10a with their respective tube-guide 11 and tube-seed guide 11a with the corresponding flow guides 12 and 12a.

Longline disk-anchor opener works as follows.

With the start of operation, the coulter disc 3 cuts into the soil and opens a narrow groove; An anchor-layer 8 expands it, shifting the topsoil to the side, and prepares a compacted strip - a bed for seeds. Seeds arriving through the seed-guide tube 9 are distributed along the width of the entire strip between the first sidewall, made in the form of a vertical wall, and the second sidewall, made in the form of a freely rotating disk 3. If a starting dose of mineral fertilizers is applied, they are also placed on this strip together with the seeds .

Anchoring bed 10 in the fat version (Figs. 1, 2, 3) prepares an inclined bed next to the strip for seeds and below their level up to 5 cm, on which the main dose of mineral fertilizers entering through the pipe is placed at different depths - the main dose of mineral fertilizers is placed flowing through the pipe-guide 11 and flow guide 12. A small (starting) dose of fertilizers (30 ... 50 kg / ha) is introduced along with the seeds for the initial nutrition of plants. The main dose of fertilizers, equal to two to three starting ones, is intended for plant nutrition at subsequent stages and is applied up to 5 cm below the seed level with placement on a sloping bed at different depths, mainly from 3 to 5 cm, to nourish the root system as it grows deeper.

An anchor-layer 10a in the variant of sowing small-seeded crops (Figs. 4, 5, 6) prepares a bed also next to a strip of seeds of the main crop, but above their level - at a depth of 2-3 cm from the soil surface, where they are distributed over the entire width of the seed bed small seeds flowing through the seed tube 11a and the flow guide 12a. The depth of seed placement of any agricultural crops, including small seeds 2 ... 3 cm, is set by the initial requirements for the operation of sowing.

In this embodiment, the opener allows sowing of small-seeded crops (rapeseed, millet, herbs, etc.) to a depth of 2 ... 3 cm (1st tier) with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers to a depth of 4 ... 5 cm (2nd tier).

The closure of seeds and fertilizers by the soil occurs in part due to self-shedding of it from the walls of the furrow after the passage of bed-forming anchors, as well as by means of shorting (closing devices).

Therefore, using the proposed opener can be performed in various versions of technological operations.

The implementation of the invention will allow to increase the yield of grain crops by 15-25% due to the simultaneous sowing of seeds making the main dose of mineral fertilizers separately from them - deeper and with a shift to the side, as well as get on the field under the main crop (under the grain) with minimal cost additional yield of small-seeded crops, including fodder, due to sowing of seeds simultaneously with sowing of grain.

Claims (1)

A longline disk-anchor coulter containing a housing with a mount for mounting it on a leash, an arm, a flat, freely rotating disk mounted at an angle to the direction of movement, an anchor-bed forger with a guide tube and sidewalls, one of which is made in the form of an angle bent vertical wall, stretched along the outer side of the seventh guide with the rotation of the front part to touch the disk, characterized in that as the second sidewall of the anchor-bed formers use a flat, freely rotating I’m a disk, while the bracket is rigidly fixed to the body and is made in the form of a plate with a mounting unit and holes for mounting the plugging device and an additional replaceable anchor-bed forger, and the anchor-bed former with a tube of seven-guides and an additional anchor-bed former are mounted one after another on the bracket another with displacement in the transverse direction and tiered with respect to each other, moreover, the replaceable anchor bed-forger is made either in the form of a one-sided truncated wedge with a pipe-tap by the author, whose apex is located 3 ÷ 5 cm below the lower edge of the sidewall of the anchor-bed forger, and its generatrix is inclined 15 ÷ 25 ° relative to the vertical or in the form of a unilateral plane-cutting paw-wedge with a tube-seed tube, the opening angle of which is less than 30 °, the wedge lifting angle is not more than 15 °, and its top is located 2–3 cm above the lower edge of the sidewall of the anchor-bed forger.

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