RU2332277C2 - Method of making ring shaped component parts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention pertains to plastic metal working and can be used in forging shops of metallurgy and machine building plants when making large machine parts, mainly from aluminium and magnesium alloys. A ring shaped semi-product is made from an ingot in two stages. The initial rough piece is obtained on the first preliminary stage by compressing the ingot. Compression is done on the switch to convex and concave panes. Convex and concave conical surfaces are formed on opposite sides of the compressed rough piece. Before each subsequent switch, the concave side of the compressed rough piece is laid on the concave side of the pane. A central hole is pierced into the compressed rough piece in the final stage. The rough piece is pierced in a closed press tool with calibration of the rough piece. The size of the ingot and the ring shaped semi-product are determined with consideration of the dimensions of the ring shaped parts from the given ratios. The obtained ring shaped semi-product undergoes expansion and thermal processing. As a result, there is satisfactory engineering of the whole volume of the ingot with obtaining optimum properties of the finished parts.

EFFECT: satisfactory engineering of the whole volume of the ingot with obtaining optimum properties of the finished.

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Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in forge shops of metallurgical and engineering plants in the manufacture of large parts.

A known method of manufacturing an annular part, including processing the pressure of an ingot with the formation of an annular semi-finished product by depositing an ingot and piercing a central hole in it, as well as rolling an annular semi-finished product on a mandrel (see Autosvid. USSR USSR N 375125, class B21K 1/38, publ. 1973).

The disadvantage of this method is the presence of defects in the structure of the ingot and, accordingly, unsatisfactory mechanical characteristics of the parts.

A known method of manufacturing an annular part, including processing the pressure of the ingot with the formation of hot forging of the annular semi-finished product and rolling it on the mandrel, the formation of the semi-finished product is carried out in two stages: preliminary - the formation of the initial billet by the ingot upset and the final one - by piercing in the last central hole, while improve the internal structure by special heat treatment (see Autosvid. USSR N 910304, class B21K 1/38, publ. 1982 - prototype).

The disadvantage of this method is the limited range of its application - only for parts made of steel of certain grades. For parts made of other alloys, this method cannot be implemented.

The proposed method of manufacturing an annular part includes processing the pressure of the ingot with the formation of hot volumetric stamping of the annular semi-finished product and its rolling, as well as heat treatment.

The formation of the semi-finished product is carried out in two stages: preliminary - the formation of the initial workpiece by ingot sediment and the final - by flashing in the last central hole. The preliminary lead along the transitions on the convex and concave strikers with the formation on the opposite sides of the deposited workpiece convex and concave conical surfaces and transferring the workpiece before each subsequent transition of sediment concave side to the concave surface of the striker. The final stage is carried out in a closed stamp with the calibration of the original workpiece. The dimensions of the said ingot, semi-finished product and details are determined by the given ratios.

The proposed method differs from the prototype in that the preliminary stage is carried out by transitions on a convex and concave strikers with the formation of convex and concave conical surfaces on the opposite sides of the deposited workpiece and the workpiece is shifted before each subsequent transition of precipitation by the concave side to the concave surface of the striker. The final stage is carried out in a closed stamp with the calibration of the original workpiece.

The dimensions of the said ingot, semi-finished product and details are determined by the ratios:

,

,

where H ₁ and N _to - respectively, the height of the ingot before the first transition of precipitation and annular semi-finished product.

,

,

wherein D _to ^on, D _to ^N, D and D _d ^of _d ⁿ - respectively holes diameters and the outer diameters of the ring and the annular semifinished part after the pressure treatment.

The technical result of the invention is a satisfactory study of the entire volume of the ingot during upsetting to obtain the texture of the initial billet, ensuring optimal properties of the finished parts.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 - shows the precipitation transitions:

on the left - before precipitation;

on the right after precipitation.

a) first transition (ingot deposit)

b) nth transition of precipitation.

Figure 2 - firmware of the Central hole with the calibration of the original workpiece:

on the left - before the firmware;

on the right - after firmware;

Figure 3 - rolling semi-finished product:

on the left - to rolling;

on the right - after rolling.

A grooved ingot 1 having a height H ₁ (FIG. 1 a) is laid with a flat end 2 on a concave conical surface 3 of the lower hammer 4 mounted on a press table (not shown). With further movement of the slider of the press of the end face 5, the ingot 1 with a convex conical surface 6 touches the strikers 7, forming an intermediate blank 8 of height in the central zone H ₁ 'with the opposite sides corresponding in shape to the conical surfaces 3 and 6. Before the nth transition of the draft (Fig. 1b), the intermediate blank 9 having a height Hn, with the concave side 10, is laid on the concave surface 3 of the hammer 4. After the nth transition of the draft, the blank 11 has a height Hn ′ in the central zone. Precipitation transitions are usually from 2 to 4. Obtained after the last transition of the precipitate, the workpiece 12 is placed in the cavity of the closed stamp 13 (Fig.2). By moving the stepwise piercing 14, the central hole in the workpiece 12 is flashed. The flat end 15 piercing 14 simultaneously with the hole piercing by calibration completes the formation of the semi-finished product 16 with separation of the otter 17. The semi-finished product 16 (Fig. 3.) is rolled out to obtain the final shape and size of the ring part 18. N _to and N _d - respectively, the height of the semi-finished product 16 and part 18, a D _to , D _to , D _d and D _d - respectively, the outer diameter and the diameter of the hole of the semi-finished product 16, the outer diameter and the diameter of the hole of the part 18.

Examples of the method.

1. An annular part with an outer diameter of D _d 1800 mm, an inner diameter of D _d 1720 mm, a height of N _d = 205 mm from an alloy of the Al-Cu-Mg-Zn system was made of a punched ingot with dimensions D ₁ = 340 mm; H ₁ = 510 mm.

The height of the semi-finished product and the diameter of its hole was chosen from the relations:

Then the part was subjected to heat treatment.

2. An annular part with an outer diameter of D _d 1650 mm, an inner diameter of D _d 1540 mm, a height of N _d = 184 mm from an alloy of the Mg-Al-Zn-Mn system was made of a machined ingot with dimensions D ₁ = 320 mm; H ₁ = 650 mm. The height of the semi-finished product and the diameters of its holes were selected from the ratios:

Then the part was subjected to heat treatment. Thus, the proposed method allows you to economically perform the optimal development of the ingot during upsetting with reloading, "healing" the defects of the cast structure. The required properties of the finished parts are provided. The latter is especially important for obtaining large-sized parts from light alloys.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing an annular part, including forming an annular semi-finished product from an ingot by hot stamping, rolling it out and heat treatment, the formation of an annular semi-finished product is carried out in two stages, at the preliminary stage, the initial billet is formed by the ingot upset, and at the final stage, the central part is flashed into the initial billet holes, characterized in that the draft of the ingot at the preliminary stage is carried out by transitions on a convex and concave strikers with the formation of on the sides of the deposited blank of convex and concave conical surfaces, while the blank is shifted before each subsequent transition of the precipitation with the concave side to the surface of the concave hammer, the firmware in the initial blank of the central hole at the final stage is made in a closed die with calibration of the original blank, and the dimensions of the ingot and ring semi-finished product determined taking into account the dimensions of the annular part from the following ratios:

where H ₁ and N _to - the height, respectively, of the ingot before the first transition of the preliminary stage of formation of the ring semi-finished product and the ring semi-finished product; D _D ⁿ and D _D ^o - respectively, the outer diameter of the annular part and the diameter of the holes in the latter; D _To ⁿ and D _To ^about - respectively, the outer diameter of the annular semi-finished product and the diameter of the holes in the latter.

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