RU2329352C1 - Slender bank protection structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building.

SUBSTANCE: bank protection structure includes a bulked soil water stop and flexible dikes consisting of separate blocks divided by structural control joints. The blocks are shaped as triangular prisms with a rib oriented upward and made hollow, with a triangular drilling inside and perforation on walls. To join the blocks and make them capable of rotating about each other, their fundaments are fitted with loops fixed by means of a bonding wire in the process of mounting. To fix a rotation angle of the blocks, upper loops, which are also fixed by means of a wire in the process of mounting, are placed on them. The blocks thickness ranges from 0.5 m to 2.0 m with bank erosion decreasing. The flexible dikes are installed transverse to moving flow, at the angle 15°-30° to its transverse axle. The distance between them depends on the flexible dikes length. To protect root section of the flexible dikes from erosion, a water stop is covered with slope fastening with mesh grid.

EFFECT: improved exploitation reliability of bank protection structure and decreased labour intensity of its construction.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used as a shore protection structure to prevent erosion of river banks and the reformation of river channels with a view to regulating them.

Known shore protection structure [1], including a semi-dam mounted on the coastal slope of a stepped structure made of concrete and reinforcement, with the step height increasing towards the shore and divided by structurally-expansion joints to interconnected blocks.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- the possible washing away of the end of the base of the spur with stream jets flowing around the barrier, which is a spur, and because of this, deepening it down and violating the integrity of the structure;

- a large mass of the structure and therefore large specific loads on the foundation soil, contributing to the washing of the structure and lowering down;

- the relative complexity and inefficiency of the technical solution.

The closest technical solution is a flexible shore protection structure [2], which consists of a bulk dam and individual spurs. The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- a large mass of the structure and therefore large specific loads on the foundation soil;

- the proposed technical solution does not provide prevention from erosion of the wall along the entire length.

The purpose of the invention is to increase operational reliability by reducing pressure on the foundation soil and reducing the complexity of construction.

This goal is achieved by the fact that on the part of the river, subject to lateral water erosion, a dam is dumped, on which a sloping fastening is arranged and flexible spurs are installed. Flexible spurs consist of individual blocks in the shape of triangular prisms. The most dangerous sections are concave sections of the river. A flexible spur is installed across the moving stream at an angle of 15 ° -30 ° to the transverse axis and the distances between them depend on the length of the flexible spur so that a stagnant zone is formed in the space between them to precipitate suspended particles, which, under the influence of their own weight, begin to besieged.

Installation of flexible spurs (figure 2, 3) is carried out using cranes from its root part. To connect the individual blocks to each other at the base there are loops that are twisted together by a connecting wire. This connection of the blocks between them provides them with the ability to rotate relative to each other while lowering the flexible spurs caused by the washing of the base. To fix the angle of rotation of the blocks, upper loops are provided, which are also interconnected by a connecting wire. For a strong connection of the blocks between themselves, it is enough to use a wire with a thickness of 6 mm, and twist with special keys.

The cross section of the block has a triangular shape (figure 4), with this shape, the stability of the flexible spurs increases, since the center of gravity is below the center of gravity of the spurs with a rectangular cross section. The thickness of the blocks depends on the erosion ability of the base soil and varies from 0.5 to 2 m. So in easily eroded soils, a more flexible design with a small thickness of the blocks is needed.

Blocks are hollow with triangular openings to significantly reduce their pressure on the base soil and thereby reduce the washing and lowering of the flexible spurs. There is perforation in the walls of the blocks, which makes the structure through and thereby reduces erosion in the head of a flexible spur.

To enhance the work of the flexible shore protection structure, the dam is covered with a sloping mount to prevent erosion of the root of the flexible spurs. Sloping fastening is arranged on the prepared base by laying the braided mesh in the transverse direction with an overlap and connecting it to each other (Fig. 5). The overlap width is usually 15 ÷ 20 cm. Concrete 10 ÷ 15 cm thick is laid on top of the wicker mesh.

Figure 1 shows a plan of a dam with a flexible shore protection structure; figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a flexible spur; figure 3 is a top view of a flexible spur; figure 4 is a transverse section of a flexible spur; figure 5 is a section aa in figure 2.

On the protected section of the river 1 flexible spurs 2 are arranged adjacent to the sloping fastening 3. The flexible spurs 2 consist of separate blocks 4 having the shape of triangular prisms 4. In the blocks 4 lateral loops 5 and upper loops 6 are provided, which are fastened together during installation of the connecting wire 7. Installation of a flexible spur and slope fastening is carried out on the prepared base 8. Slope fastening is concrete 9 with a woven mesh 10. In blocks 4 there are triangular holes 11, and on the walls there is a perforation 12.

Flexible shore protection structure is mounted and operates as follows. On the site of the river 1, prone to lateral water erosion, a dam is dumped (Fig. 1), on which a sloping mount 3 is arranged and flexible spurs 2 are installed, which consist of separate blocks 4 having the shape of triangular prisms. Flexible spur 2 is installed across the moving stream at an angle of 15 ° -30 ° to the transverse axis and the distances between them depend on the length of flexible spur 2 so that a stagnant zone is formed in the space between them to precipitate suspended particles, which under the influence of their own weights begin to precipitate.

Installation of flexible spurs 2 (figure 2, 3) is carried out using cranes from the root. To connect the individual blocks 4 to each other at the base there are loops 5 that are twisted together by a connecting wire 7. Such a connection of the blocks 4 to each other allows them to rotate relative to each other when lowering the flexible spur 2 caused by the washing of the base. To fix the angle of rotation of the blocks 4, upper loops 6 are provided, which are also interconnected by a connecting wire 7. The thickness of the blocks 4 depends on the erosive ability of the base soil and varies from 0.5 to 2 m. So in easily eroded soils, a more flexible design with a small thickness is required blocks 4.

The cross section of the block 4 has a triangular shape (figure 4), with this shape, the stability of the flexible spurs 2 increases, since the center of gravity is below the center of gravity of the spurs with a rectangular cross section. Blocks 4 are hollow with triangular holes 11 to significantly reduce their pressure on the soil of the base and thereby reduce the washing and lowering of the flexible spurs 2.

In the walls of the blocks 4 there is a perforation 12, which makes the structure through and thereby reduces erosion in the head of the flexible spur 2.

To enhance the work of the flexible shore protection structure, the dam is covered with a sloping fastener 3 to prevent erosion of the root of the flexible spurs 2. The sloping fastening 3 is arranged on the prepared base 8 by laying the braided mesh 10 in the transverse direction with an overlap and connecting it to each other (Fig. 5). Concrete 9 with a thickness of 10 ÷ 15 cm is laid on top of wicker mesh 10.

The block design of the flexible spur increases its flexibility and variability. Flexible spurs change the kinematic structure of the flow in such a way that stagnation zones form at the coastal part of the soil dam and the erosion process stops, and in the immediate vicinity of its contact with the dam, the siltation process begins on the lower side. Suspended and entrained particles under the influence of their own weight begin to precipitate due to a decrease in the weighing force caused by a decrease in the flow rate.

The proposed design with a T-shaped cross-section will significantly save the building material used for construction of a semi-dam and will make the design more economical and reliable in operation.

This flexible shore protection structure can be used on mountain and lowland rivers and as a straightening structure for regulating river channels.

A flexible shore protection structure will provide reliable protection against erosion of the dam and flooding during flood costs of settlements falling into this zone.

Information sources

1. Patent of the Russian Federation 2076168, MKI Е02В 3/12. Coast protection structure. / publ. 03/27/97 (Analog).

2. Patent of the Russian Federation 2204649 С2, IPC Е02В 3/12. Flexible shore protection structure. / publ. 05/20/2003 (Prototype).

Claims (3)

1. A flexible shore protection structure, consisting of a bulk soil dam and flexible spurs, consisting of separate blocks separated by structural-expansion joints, characterized in that the blocks are made of a triangular prismatic shape with an upward oriented rib, hollow with a triangular hole inside and perforation in the walls, at the same time, to connect the blocks to each other, ensuring their rotation relative to each other, the base of the blocks are provided with loops fastened with a connecting wire during installation, and for fixing To rotate the blocks, upper loops are installed on them, also fastened with wire during installation. 2. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the blocks varies from 0.5 to 2.0 m with a decrease in erosion of the soil. 3. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that on the dam there is a sloping fastening made of concrete with wicker mesh.

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