RU2328517C2 - Carbonisation device for manufacturing activated charcoal - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ovens.

SUBSTANCE: this invention pertains to carbonisation devices for manufacturing activated charcoal. Device for carbonisation 10 for the manufacture of activated charcoal contains oven 40 for carbonisation, drying kiln 30, generator for high-temperature steam 60, deodorisation oven 70 and a surplus heat boiler 80. Carbonisation oven 40 is equipped with a cylindrical shell, which has a cylindrical part with a rotating paddle and is fitted with a lot of inlet ducts for steam. Carbonisation oven 40 also contains a means of regulating pressure or a means of restriction for regulation of overheated or exhaust steam.

EFFECT: allows for the manufacture of high quality activated charcoal at low expenses.

6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a carbonization device for producing activated carbon by exposing the material to organic waste to be treated, such as household waste, wood processing waste, meat and bone meal, worn clothing and used plastic, carbonization processing such as drying, dry distillation and activation.

State of the art

Currently, there is a known method for processing waste material, which is formed mainly from one or more elements from household waste, wood waste and used paper, by carbonizing the waste material by exposure to high temperature steam, from 510 to 900 ° C, provided that there is no oxygen. It should be noted that this conventional method of processing waste provides efficient carbonization of the waste material by exposing the high temperature steam for a predetermined time to reduce the size or weight of the waste material to one hundredth of the original value (see patent reference No. 1).

In addition, heat treatment equipment is known for the production of carbide from organic waste, such as brewing grains, by dry sublimation. This heat treatment equipment comprises a heat treatment chamber having a channel for receiving waste at one end of the chamber and a product outlet channel and a gas outlet channel at the other end of the chamber, this heat treatment chamber having a channel for receiving hot air, a mixing shaft having a number of mixing blades located at the same distance from each other in the axial direction, and the mixing shaft is rotatably placed, passing from one end on the other end, so that the waste which must be heat treated, forcibly moved toward the conduit for the exit of the product when the stirring blades rotate.

Organic waste, such as brewing grits, which must be processed using the above heat treatment equipment, enters the heat treatment chamber through the waste reception channel and is directed towards the product exit channel, while at the same time being forcedly mixed by rotation mixing blades mounted on the mixing shaft. The waste entering the heat treatment chamber is thermally treated, while being continuously mixed during movement from the waste receiving channel to the product exit channel, under the influence of hot air coming from the hot air receiving channel made in the heat treatment chamber processing. By bringing the waste into a uniform gas-solid contact with hot air, for example, around 650 ° C, mass transfer and heat transfer are created for uniform heat treatment and, as a result, for the dry sublimation (carbonization) of solid products. As a result, homogeneous carbide products can be obtained (see Patent Reference No. 2).

Moreover, there is a known method of producing carbide for the production of carbide from organic waste using carbonization treatment, in which the thermal energy of the leaving steam, released after overheating of the organic compound, can be used as a heat source (see patent reference No. 3).

(Patent Reference No. 1) Publication of Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-313884-A1 (Pages 1-3, FIG. 1)

(Patent Reference No. 2) Publication of Japanese Patent Application No. H10-237453 (Pages 1, 2, and 9, FIG. 1)

(Patent Reference No. 3) Publication of Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-192670 (Pages 2 and 5, FIG. 1)

Description of the invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

According to the waste processing method described in the above Patent Reference No. 1, the waste must be carbonized efficiently by exposure to high temperature steam for a predetermined time to reduce the volume or mass of the waste to one hundredth of the initial value. However, the exhaust gas generated in the waste carbonization method in a conventional waste processing method is cooled using a cooling device and separated into liquid and gaseous parts.

The gaseous portion thus separated is vented to the atmosphere by using an exhaust fan after passing through a deodorizing device filled with an adsorbent such as activated carbon, or recovered for reuse as boiler fuel. However, such exhaust gas cannot be extracted directly in the form of warm energy, as a result of which a very large amount of thermal energy is not reused and is wasted. Thus, as a disadvantage, for the conventional method it is impossible to produce high-quality carbide at low cost.

The heat treatment equipment according to Patent Reference No. 2 allows for uniform gas-solid contact with hot air being blown from a series of nozzles for injecting hot air. However, when high temperature steam is introduced into the interior of the rotating shaft, conventional equipment becomes complex in structure, creating a wear problem for the sealing parts. In addition, conventional equipment has additional problems due to the fact that high-quality carbide cannot be obtained, because the blown hot air contains steam that is mixed with a large amount of impurities in the previous process, even if hot air is blown from the nozzle near the product outlet in the final process of processing organic waste.

In the carbide production method according to Patent Reference No. 3, useful components that may possibly be contained in the gas or liquid medium of the off-steam are recovered for reuse. To be more specific, as described in paragraph [0056] and the following parts of the above patent link, the exhaust steam is subjected to gas-liquid phase separation using a gas-liquid phase extraction device to extract impurities containing even useful materials in the exhaust steam and then the thermal energy in the exhaust steam from the hot gas, separated from impurities, is used as a heat source to generate steam.

However, the extracted thermal energy is not very large in magnitude, since in the conventional method only the thermal energy of the exhaust steam is extracted. In addition, there is a disadvantageous possibility of the release of impurities and excess substances contained in the exhaust steam due to thermal decomposition.

The present invention takes into account the above problems and attempts to create a carbonization device capable of producing activated carbon at low cost by exposing the potential heat generated by exposing the exhaust steam, in general, by burning to a deodorizing furnace, and recovering potential heat from using a boiler on excess heat to use heat.

Problem Solving Tools

To solve the above problems, in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a carbonization device for producing activated carbon by exposing the material to organic waste to be treated, such as unprocessed household waste, wood processing waste, meat and bone meal, worn clothing and used plastic, carbonization treatment including processes of heating, drying, dry sublimation and activation using steam, this device contains a drying oven for car onization, for drying and carbonization of the waste material with the help of superheated steam entering it, and releasing the exhaust steam, which is no longer required, a high-temperature steam generator to generate superheated steam from the steam entering it, which must be introduced into the drying furnace for carbonization , a furnace for deodorizing impurities contained in the exhaust steam released from the carbonization drying oven by heating steam and releasing steam reaching a high temperature, and a boiler on excess heat to generate steam from water heated by high temperature steam released from the deodorizing furnace.

In addition, to solve the above problems, in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a carbonization device for producing activated carbon, which comprises a furnace for carbonizing waste material, which must be treated with superheated steam entering it and exhausting the exhaust steam that is no longer required , a drying oven for drying waste material with steam from a carbonization furnace and releasing exhaust steam; a high temperature steam generator for generators from steam entering it, superheated steam to be introduced into the carbonization furnace, a furnace for deodorizing the impurities contained in the exhaust steam released from the drying oven by heating the steam and releasing the steam reaching a high temperature, and a boiler with excess heat to generate steam from water heated by high temperature steam released from the deodorizing furnace.

In addition, to solve the above problems in accordance with the present invention provides a carbonization device for the production of activated carbon, which contains a furnace to accelerate the carbonization of the waste material, which must be processed using superheated steam entering it, and exhaust exhaust steam, which is more not required, furnace for carbonization of the waste material with superheated steam released from the furnace to accelerate carbonization and entering it, and release waste steam, a drying oven for drying the waste material with the steam coming from the carbonization furnace and releasing the exhaust steam, a high-temperature steam generator for generating superheated steam from the steam coming into it to be introduced into the carbonization furnace, a deodorizing furnace the impurities contained in the exhaust steam released from the drying oven by heating the steam and releasing the steam reaching a high temperature, and an excess heat boiler to generate steam from s heated by high temperature steam discharged from the furnace for deodorization.

In addition, to solve the above problems in accordance with the present invention, the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon is characterized in that the drying furnace, the carbonization furnace, the carbonization drying furnace or the carbonization acceleration furnace are provided with a cylindrical shell having a waste receiving passage for introducing waste material to be processed, a cylindrical part for mixing and moving the waste material, an exhaust channel for the release of waste material and inputs hydrochloric channel pair for introducing superheated steam or exhaust steam tangentially outside the cylindrical part into the interior of the cylindrical portion, and rotating blades for mixing and movement of waste materials in the cylindrical shell.

In addition, to solve the above problems in accordance with the present invention, the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon is characterized in that the steam inlet channel is configured to introduce superheated steam or spent steam in the same direction as the tangential inner cylindrical surface as the direction of rotation of the blades for mixing. In addition, in order to solve the above problems in accordance with the present invention, the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon is characterized in that the cylindrical shell is provided with a plurality of channels for input steam.

In addition, to solve the above problems in accordance with the present invention, the carbonization device for producing activated carbon is characterized in that the cylindrical shell is provided with an outlet channel for steam from which the exhaust steam is released after heating the waste material in the cylindrical shell in a direction tangential to the inner surface cylindrical part, from the inner space of the cylindrical part outside the cylindrical part.

In addition, to solve the above problems in accordance with the present invention, the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon is characterized in that it comprises means for regulating the pressure or means for restricting the regulation of superheated steam or exhaust steam so that it enters the carbonization drying oven or furnace to accelerate carbonization at a speed of 5 to 20 m / s.

The impact of the invention

Since the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon in accordance with the present invention comprises an oven for carbonizing waste material that must be treated with superheated steam entering it and releasing exhaust steam that is no longer required, a drying oven for drying waste material with steam coming from the furnace for carbonization and release of exhaust steam, a high-temperature steam generator for generating superheated steam from the steam entering it to be introduced into the carbonization furnace, a furnace for deodorizing the impurities contained in the exhaust steam released from the drying oven by heating the steam and releasing the steam reaching a high temperature, and an excess heat boiler to generate steam from the water heated by the high temperature the steam released from the deodorization furnace, the heat contained in the high temperature steam released from the deodorization furnace can be reused efficiently.

In addition, since the reused heat enters the high temperature steam generator, superheated high temperature steam can be easily generated at low cost. In addition, by reacting the superheated high temperature steam that is generated by the high temperature steam generator with the waste material to be processed, high quality activated carbon can be obtained at low cost. In addition, since the carbonization device for producing activated carbon is provided with a deodorizing furnace, the device in accordance with the present invention makes it possible to release gas or vapor having a low dioxin content to meet environmental standards.

In addition, since the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon in accordance with the present invention has a drying furnace, a carbonization furnace, a carbonization drying furnace or a carbonization accelerating furnace, provided with a cylindrical shell having a waste receiving channel for introducing waste material to be treated , a cylindrical portion for mixing and moving the waste material, an outlet channel for releasing the waste material, and a steam inlet for introducing heated steam or spent steam tangentially from the outside of the cylindrical part to the inner space of the cylindrical part, and the rotating blades for mixing and moving the waste material in the cylindrical shell, the superheated steam passes in a vortex shape to easily come into contact with the waste material to be processed, and how consequence to expose waste material for superheated high temperature steam for a long time. As a result, drying, carbonization, dry distillation and activation processes can be carried out to enable the production of high quality activated carbon.

Since a cylindrical shell having one or more inlet channels for steam in a carbonization device for producing activated carbon in accordance with the present invention is configured to introduce superheated steam or exhaust steam in the same direction tangential to the inner cylindrical surface as the direction of rotation of the mixing blades , waste material can be exposed to superheated high temperature steam for a long time. Thus, drying, carbonization, dry distillation and activation processes can be carried out, making it possible to produce high quality activated carbon. Also, the waste material can be exposed to superheated high temperature steam passing in a swirling manner over an extended period of time by creating a plurality of steam inlet channels made in a cylindrical shell.

In addition, since the cylindrical shell of the carbonization device for the production of activated carbon is provided with an outlet channel for steam, from which the exhaust steam after heating the waste material in the cylindrical shell is released in a direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical part, superheated steam from the inner space of the cylindrical part outside the cylindrical part passes in a vortex to easily come into contact with the waste material to be processed. As a result, drying, carbonization, dry distillation and activation processes can be carried out, making it possible to produce high quality activated carbon.

In addition, since the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon according to the present invention has pressure control means or restriction means for regulating superheated steam or exhaust steam, which must be introduced into the carbonization drying oven or furnace to accelerate carbonization at a speed of 5 to 20 m / sec., the vapor moves inside the reaction furnace in a vortex-like manner, at the same time maintaining a high speed with respect to the waste material, therefore, increasing heat transfer to waste material in order to bring the temperature of the waste material closer to the temperature of the vapor. As a result, drying, carbonization, dry distillation and activation processes can be carried out, making it possible to produce high quality activated carbon.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1. A block diagram representing an overall carbonization device for the production of activated carbon in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2. A view representing steam inlets made in a carbonization furnace for introducing superheated steam.

Designation of component numbers:

10 Carbonization device for the production of activated carbon

20 Means for introducing waste

22 Pallet

24 conveyor

26 Feeding device

30 Drying oven

31 cylindrical shell

32 channel for waste collection

33 Cylindrical part

34 mixing blades

35 output channel

36 Input channel for steam

37 output channel for steam

40 Carbonization furnace

41 cylindrical shell

42 Channel for waste collection

43 Cylindrical part

44 mixing blades

45 output channel

46, 46A, 46B and 46C Input channels for steam

47 output channel for steam

50 output device

52 cooling jacket

54 Product reservoir

56 Screw conveyor

60 high temperature steam generator

62 Blower

64 LPG capacity

66 control device

68 Burner

70 Deodorizing furnace

72 device for pressurizing a deodorizing furnace

74 Tank with kerosene

76 Kerosene burner

80 Excessive boiler

90 Water input device

92 Water softener

94 Soft water tank

95 Pump for introducing water

96 Filter device

98 exhaust cylinder

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

A carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon in accordance with the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a carbonization device for the production of activated carbon in accordance with the present invention, in General. As shown in FIG. 1, the carbonization device 10 comprises means 20 for introducing waste, for storing organic waste material to be processed, such as household waste, wood processing waste, meat and bone meal, worn clothing and used plastic, and introducing the waste material into an appropriate a drying oven 30 for drying the waste material with steam released from the carbonization furnace 40, in which the waste material dried by the drying furnace 30 is carbonized with superheated steam, according to steaming from the high-temperature steam generator 60 to produce activated carbon and releasing the activated carbon together with the exhaust steam used thereafter in the carbonization furnace, and an outlet device 50 for cooling and storing the activated carbon obtained by carbonization in the carbonization furnace.

The carbonization device 10 further comprises a high-temperature steam generator 60 for generating high-temperature superheated steam, using steam supplied from the boiler 80 to excess heat, and introducing the generated steam into the carbonization furnace 40, a deodorization furnace 70 for heating the impurities contained in the exhaust steam, released from the drying oven 30 to deodorize the exhaust steam, subsequently, to release high-temperature gas, the boiler 80 on excess heat to heat water using juice from the deodorizing furnace 70 to generate steam to be introduced into the high temperature steam generator 60, a device 90 for introducing water into the boiler 80 using excess heat, a filter device 90, such as a cyclone collector, to collect particulate material or moisture contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the deodorizing furnace 70 and heat exchanged by the excess heat boiler 80, and an exhaust cylinder 98 through which the exhaust gas from the filter device and it is discharged into the atmosphere.

The waste input means 20 comprise a tray 22 for storing organic waste material to be processed, such as household waste, wood processing waste, meat and bone meal, worn clothes and used plastic, a conveyor 24 for introducing waste material stored in the tray 22 into the feeding device 26, for quantitative input of waste material into the drying oven 30.

The drying oven 30 has a cylindrical shell 31 having a channel 32 for receiving waste for introducing waste material coming from the feeding device 26, a cylindrical part 33 for drying and dry sublimating the waste material in a cylindrical shell, at the same time mixing and moving the waste material, one or several mixing paddles 34, such as a rotary impeller feed device, for mixing and conveying the waste material while drying and sublimating the waste material in cylinders casing 31, an outlet channel 35 for leaving waste material through it after drying and dry sublimation, an inlet channel 36 for steam for introducing steam leaving the carbonization furnace 40 outside the cylindrical portion 33 in the same direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylinder (in tangential direction), as the direction of rotation of the blades 34 for mixing, and the output channel 37 for steam for the exit of exhaust steam after heating the waste material in a cylindrical shell 31 from the inner space of the cylindrical part tee 33 in a direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 33 (in tangential direction), the outside cylindrical portion.

The cylindrical shell 41 of the carbonization furnace 40 includes a channel 42 for receiving waste, for the dried waste material exiting the drying furnace 30 through the outlet channel 35, a cylindrical portion 43 for drying, dry sublimation, carbonization and activation of the waste material, while mixing and moving the waste material, one or more blades 44 for mixing, such as a rotary screw conveyor or a feeding device with an impeller, for drying, dry sublimation, carbonization and activation of the waste material under low oxygen content in the cylindrical shell 41, the outlet channel 45 for the exit of the waste material after dry sublimation, carbonization and activation, the inlet channel for steam, for introducing outside the cylinder 43 superheated steam with a temperature of from 900 to 1200 ° C coming from the generator 60 high-temperature steam, in the same direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylinder (in the tangential direction), as the direction of rotation of the blades 44 for mixing, and the output channel 47 for steam, for the exit of exhaust steam last heating the waste material in a cylindrical shell 41, from the inner space of the cylindrical portion 43 in a direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 43 (in tangential direction), the outside cylindrical portion.

It is desirable that a stream of spent steam or superheated steam is introduced into the drying furnace 30, the carbonization furnace 40, the carbonization drying furnace, or the furnace to accelerate carbonization at a speed exceeding 5 m / s to improve heat transfer to the waste material. However, when the steam flow rate exceeds 20 m / s, a problem such as erosion of parts used inside the drying oven 30 may occur. Thus, the steam flow rate must be determined accordingly. The superheated steam flow rate is controlled by adjusting the pressure control mechanism or restriction means to appropriately determine the amount of air burned that enters the high temperature steam generator 60, the amount of LPG gas (liquefied natural gas) to be used, and the diameter of the opening in the inlet channels 36 and 46 for steam.

Figure 2 shows a view of the input channels for steam, made in the furnace for carbonization to enter superheated steam.

The device shown in FIG. 1 has one steam inlet 46 in a carbonization furnace 40, but a plurality of steam inlets 46, 46A, 46B and 46C can be provided in a carbonization furnace 40, as shown in FIG. Steam inlet channels 46, 46A, 46B, and 46C are used to introduce superheated steam leaving the high-temperature steam generator 60 in the same direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical part 43 (in the tangential direction) as the direction of rotation of the mixing blades 44 .

In the carbonization method for the production of activated carbon, it is important to uniformly heat the waste material, which must be processed at high temperature. The desired drying and carbonization of the waste material can be achieved to some extent even by introducing superheated steam into the carbonization furnace 40 and the drying furnace 30 through one of the steam inlet channels 36 or 46, as shown in FIG. However, the blades 34 and 44 for mixing inside the cylindrical shells 31 and 41 with the waste material to be treated prevent the overheated steam from flowing, as a result, for possible weakening of the vortex steam flow.

Therefore, by forming a plurality of inlet channels 46A, 46B, and 46C for steam in the middle of the cylindrical shell 41, superheated steam can pass in its own flow with strong vortex formation. However, if there is more than enough steam inlet channels, the vortex-like passage of superheated steam may be weakened due to weakening of the superheated steam flow coming from each steam inlet channel.

As with the carbonization furnace 40, a plurality of steam inlets can be provided in the drying furnace 30, the carbonization drying furnace, or the carbonization accelerating furnace. In addition, each steam inlet can be controlled by the diameter of the hole by means of a pressure control mechanism or restriction means to control the flow rate and the passing volume of the superheated steam entering it.

The output device 50 is provided with a cooling case 52 for cooling the high-temperature activated carbon carbonized and activated in the carbonization furnace 40 by using water, and a screw conveyor 56 with a water-cooled jacket to direct the activated carbon thus obtained to the product reservoir 54 while cooling activated carbon.

The high temperature steam generator 60 serves to generate superheated steam by introducing steam from the boiler 80 with excess heat into the space where LPG or the like is burned using a burner. The superheated steam thus generated by the high temperature steam generator 60 enters the carbonization furnace 40 to produce activated carbon by dry sublimation, carbonization and activation of the waste material.

The deodorizing furnace 70 has the function of burning off the impurities contained in the spent steam, such as ammonia, mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, methyl sulfide, methyldisulfide, trimethylamine, acetaldehyde and styrene, using the exhaust steam that leaves the furnace 40 for carbonation and is released into the atmosphere burned subsequently through the use of an oil burner, to deodorize and release high temperature off-gas.

The excess heat boiler 80 is used to generate water vapor (dry steam) by heating the water in a multi-stage manner using high-temperature exhaust gas leaving the deodorizing furnace 70. Then, water vapor enters the high temperature steam generator 60.

The filter device 96 is used to collect particulate material (solid product content) or moisture contained in the exhaust gas leaving the deodorizing furnace 70 and subjected to heat exchange by the boiler 80 using excess heat by using a cyclone collector and removing smoke from the exhaust gas. Finally, the exhaust gas is purified and then released into the atmosphere through the exhaust cylinder 98.

Embodiment 2

In a previous embodiment, the organic waste material is subjected to carbonization treatment, such as drying, dry sublimation and activation processes, by using two types of reaction furnaces, i.e., an oven 30 (first reaction furnace) and carbonization furnace 40 (second reaction furnace), such as described above. However, the device in accordance with the present invention should not be construed as being limited to these two types of reaction furnaces by which the carbonization treatment is carried out.

That is, the intended effect of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by generating superheated high temperature steam by using superheated steam absorbing heat from the high temperature exhaust gas leaving the furnace 70 for deodorizing, drying and carbonizing the waste material by introducing high temperature superheated steam to a carbonization drying oven (first reaction furnace) and finally releasing exhaust steam that is no longer required.

The carbonization device for producing activated carbon in accordance with the present invention may comprise a carbonization acceleration furnace (third reaction furnace) for performing carbonization of the waste material with superheated steam, while releasing exhaust steam that is no longer required, a carbonization furnace (second reaction furnace) for the carbonization of waste material using steam released from the furnace to accelerate carbonization, while also releasing exhaust steam, a drying oven (ne a reaction furnace) for drying the waste material with steam released from the carbonization furnace, while releasing the exhaust steam, a high-temperature steam generator for generating high-temperature superheated steam from the steam to be introduced into the carbonization furnace, a furnace for deodorizing impurities, contained in the waste steam released from the drying oven by heating the steam and releasing the steam reaching a high temperature, and an excess heat boiler to generate steam from water heated by high-temperature steam released from a deodorization furnace, where a plurality of reaction furnaces are cascaded to carbonize the waste material. Thus, a carbonization device having this structure can also achieve the objectives of the present invention.

A method for producing activated carbon using the carbonization device 10 for producing activated carbon of the present invention will be described later.

First, the device 72 for pressurization of the deodorizing furnace operates when the burned air is introduced into the deodorizing furnace 70. It is then burned in a deodorizing furnace 70, while introducing kerosene from the kerosene tank 74 into the deodorizing furnace by using a kerosene pump 76, while releasing the exhaust gas at a temperature of from 800 to 1200 ° C. The waste heat gas passes to the boiler 80 with excess heat.

When the temperature in the boiler 80 with excess heat rises, the soft water obtained by the water softener and stored in the soft water tank 94 of the water introducing apparatus 90 is forcibly supplied to the boiler 80 with excess heat by using the pump 95 for introducing water. The soft water supplied in this way is heated in the next stage of the boiler 80 with excess heat. Then superheated steam with a temperature of 150 to 300 ° C, which enters the previous stage of the boiler 80 with excess heat, is sent to the high-temperature steam generator 60.

The combustible air is supplied to the high-temperature steam generator 60 by means of a blower 62. Then, the steam is heated by burning LPG obtained from the LPG cylinder 64 through the control device 66, so that the steam with a temperature of 150 to 300 ° C coming from the boiler 80 with excess heat, additionally heated with the generation and flow of superheated steam with a temperature of from 700 to 1200 ° C (preferably from 900 to 1100 ° C) in the furnace 40 for carbonization.

Organic waste materials, such as household waste, wood processing waste, meat and bone meal, worn clothes and used plastic, which are the starting materials for activated carbon, are first placed in the tray 22. The waste material in the tray 22 is sent to the feeding device 26 through the conveyor 24 through the introduction means 20 waste. The supply device 26 has the function of quantifying the waste material in a predetermined quantity when it delivers the waste material to the drying oven 30.

The waste material that is to be processed is fed into the cylindrical shell 31 through the channel 32 for receiving waste, made in the cylindrical shell 31 of the drying oven 30. The mixing blades 34 rotate to gradually move the waste material towards the outlet channel 35, while mixing waste material in the cylindrical portion 33 of the cylindrical shell 31.

The spent steam with a temperature of 700 to 1000 ° C, which is discharged from the carbonization furnace 40, enters from the outside of the cylindrical part 33 through one or more steam inlet channels 36 in the same direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylinder (in the tangential direction), which and the direction of rotation of the blades 34 for mixing. Thus, the steam mixes well with the waste material, mixes and advances using the mixing blades 34, thereby causing thermolysis or hydrolysis.

The waste material moves with the superheated steam towards the steam outlet channel 37 for the steam of the cylindrical part 33, at the same time being dried, dry sublimated and activated, and then leaves the inner space of the cylindrical part 33 outside it, in a direction tangential to the inner surface cylindrical portion 33 (in the tangential direction). Since the steam outlet channel 37 is configured such that the exhaust steam is released in a direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 33, heat is transferred between the steam and the waste material while maintaining a rotational flow of steam inside the cylindrical portion 33 and maintaining a rotational flow steam at a high rate with respect to waste material.

Typically, there is a mechanism for injecting steam into the waste material, which must be processed in a drying oven, through a plurality of pores formed by thin pore-shaped nozzles. However, a multi-pore mechanism for steam injection has the following problems.

Since the mixing device for mixing and introducing occupies the internal space in a conventional reaction furnace, it is disadvantageous and difficult for a conventional mechanism to install pore-shaped nozzles for steam injection. For this reason, a complex structure is known in which a steam passage is formed in the shaft of a mixing device in order to direct steam into the waste material, thereby interacting with the waste materials as described above.

When the steam passes parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical reactor, the steam passes inside the reactor without any obstacles, as a result, effective heat transfer and interaction with respect to the waste material are prevented.

In the device according to the present invention, steam flows outside the cylindrical parts 33 and 43 with a flow velocity of 5 to 20 m / s, in the same direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylinder as the direction of rotation of the blades 34 and 44 for mixing, so that the steam can pass in a highly turbulent flow state. Steam is ejected from the side surface near the outlet channels 35 and 45 for the product in the direction tangential to the circumference, with a flow velocity of 5 to 20 m / s, and then leaves the outlet channels 37 and 47 for steam, made near input channels 32 and 42 for receiving waste, in the same direction along the circumference tangential to the inner surface of the cylinder as the direction of rotation of the blades 34 and 44 for mixing.

In accordance with this mechanism, the vapor moves inside the reaction furnace in a vortex manner, at the same time maintaining a high speed with respect to the waste material, as a result, enhancing heat transfer to the waste material in order to bring the temperature of the waste material to a temperature close to the temperature of the steam, so that drying, carbonization, dry distillation and activation processes can be carried out.

In the meantime, the waste material dried by the drying oven 30 exits the outlet channel 35 and is sent to the carbonization furnace 40 for a subsequent processing process.

The waste material sent from the drying furnace 30 enters the cylindrical shell 41 through the channel 42 for receiving waste, made in the cylindrical shell 41 of the drying furnace 40. The rotation of the blades 44 for mixing inside the cylindrical shell 41 causes a gradual movement of the waste material towards the outlet channel 45 At the same time, mixing waste material.

Superheated steam comes from the high-temperature steam generator 60 through one or more of the inlet channels 46, 46A, ... for steam, in the same direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylinder (in the tangential direction) as the direction of rotation of the blades 44 for mixing, so that superheated steam can pass in a highly swirling state. For this reason, superheated steam mixes well with the waste material being mixed and advancing using the mixing blades 44, and then is directed towards the steam outlet 47 for the cylindrical portion 43, while at the same time exposing the waste material to drying, dry sublimation and activation. Subsequently, the spent steam leaves the inner space of the cylindrical part 34 outside the cylindrical part in a direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical part 43 (in the tangential direction).

Since the steam exit channel 47 is configured such that the exhaust steam can exit in a direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 43, the steam mixes well with the waste material being mixed and advanced by the mixing blades 34, thereby thermolysis or hydrolysis. In order to produce high quality activated carbon, it is desirable to maintain the waste material to be processed at temperatures above 800 ° C. In addition, to achieve this effect, it is ideal to expose the waste material for superheated high temperature steam containing a small amount of oxygen to activate it.

By reacting the waste material to be treated with superheated high temperature steam, from 700 to 1200 ° C, in the carbonization furnace 40, it is possible to produce high quality activated carbon in a short time. Since the steam to be supplied to the high-temperature steam generator is additionally heated by heat extracted from the high temperature exhaust gas leaving the deodorization process, the cost of producing activated carbon in the device according to the present invention can be reduced.

Activated carbon produced by carbonization and activation of the waste material is sent to the output device 50 through the output channel 45.

Since it is desirable to place the activated carbon of high temperature released from the carbonization furnace 40 in an oxygen atmosphere, the activated carbon may be cooled by the cooling jacket 52 of the output device 50. In addition, the activated carbon may be supplied to the product reservoir 54 via a screw conveyor 56 with a cooling jacket, while cooling with a cooling jacket.

At the same time, the waste steam that leaves the drying oven 30 and which is no longer required has a temperature of 340 to 740 ° C. Since the exhaust vapor contains harmful components, such as nitrogen compounds and fumes, it is necessary to completely burn out the impurities contained in the exhaust gas at high temperature in the deodorizing furnace 70. Even if impurities are burned out at temperatures below 800 ° C, dioxins are produced. For this reason, the exhaust steam containing the above harmful components must be heated at a temperature of from 800 to 1200 ° C in a furnace 70 for deodorization, for decomposition and release.

Although the exhaust steam from the deodorization furnace 70 is usually directly released to the atmosphere through the exhaust cylinder 98 of the filter device 96, the exhaust gas in the present invention is effectively reused to collect the heat of the exhaust gas when generating steam in the boiler 80 on excess heat, as a result, energy is saved. necessary for the production of high quality activated carbon. Since the exhaust gas obtained after heat exchange in the boiler 80 with excess heat is at a temperature of from 100 to 400 ° C, a significant amount of heat can be extracted.

To generate steam of high temperature, above 1000 ° C, using a conventional boiler or superheater, a heat exchanger pipe or a pipe made of a high-temperature alloy is necessary, thus, there are disadvantages of a complicated design, lower wear resistance and an increase in the cost of manufacturing equipment for the production of an activated coal. To eliminate the disadvantages in accordance with the present invention, superheated steam with a temperature of from 150 to 300 ° C, obtained by heat exchange of the exhaust gas of high temperature leaving the furnace 70 for deodorization, is processed using a generator 60 of high-temperature steam, consisting of components from high-temperature ceramics, in order, as a result, to generate superheated steam of high temperature, as a result of which the cost of production of a device producing activated carbon and the cost of starting up a device Twa can be lowered.

The waste gas obtained after heat exchange with the boiler 80 using excess heat is supplied to a filter device 96 having a cyclone collector to collect particulate material or moisture contained in the exhaust gas, and then is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust cylinder 98.

Industrial applicability

According to the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon according to the present invention, superheated high temperature steam can be easily generated by reusing the heat contained in the exhaust gas leaving the deodorizing furnace. By reacting high temperature superheated steam with the waste material to be processed, high quality activated carbon can be produced at low cost.

In addition, according to the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon according to the present invention, which comprises a drying oven, a carbonization oven, a carbonization drying oven or a cylinder acceleration carbonization accelerating furnace, superheated steam passes in a swirling manner at high speed for easy contact with waste material to be processed and, as a result, to enhance the transfer of heat to the waste material in order to ensure that a high temperature is achieved Therians waste. As a result, drying, carbonization, dry distillation and activation processes can be carried out, making it possible to produce high quality activated carbon.

Furthermore, since the drying furnace, the carbonization furnace, the carbonization drying furnace or the carbonization accelerating furnace, the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon in accordance with the present invention have a cylindrical shell with one or more inlet channels for steam, so that superheated steam or exhaust steam passes in the same direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylinder as the direction of rotation of the mixing blades, steam can be brought into contact with the material thodov for a sufficient time at a sufficient relative velocity. As a result, drying, carbonization, dry distillation and activation processes can be carried out, making it possible to produce high quality activated carbon.

In addition, since the cylindrical shell of the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon in accordance with the present invention is provided with an outlet channel for steam, for exhausting the exhaust steam in a direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical part from the inner space of the cylindrical part outside the cylindrical part, steam can be brought into contact with the waste material at a high relative speed, while at the same time passing in a vortex, so as to carry out the transfer heat to the waste material. As a result, the waste material can be exposed to superheated high temperature steam for a long time, so that drying, carbonation, dry distillation and activation processes can be carried out, making it possible to produce high quality activated carbon.

In addition, since the drying furnace, the carbonization furnace, the carbonization drying furnace, or the carbonization accelerating furnace, the carbonization apparatus for producing activated carbon in accordance with the present invention is configured such that superheated steam or exhaust steam arrives at a flow rate of 5 to 20 m / sec, the vapor moves in a vortex in the reaction furnace, at the same time maintaining a high speed with respect to the waste material, as a result, enhancing the transfer of heat to the waste material, so that riblizit temperature of the waste material to the steam temperature. As a result, drying, carbonization, dry distillation and activation processes can be carried out, making it possible to produce high quality activated carbon.

Claims (6)

1. A carbonization device for producing activated carbon by exposing the material to organic waste to be treated, such as unprocessed household waste, wood processing waste, meat and bone meal, worn clothing and used plastic, carbonization processing, including heating, drying, dry sublimation and activation processes using steam containing a carbonization furnace for carbonizing and activating waste material by bringing the waste material into direct contact with a superheated steam of high temperature from 700 to 1200 ° C, the stream being introduced into the superheated steam from a nozzle located near the steam outlet, and releasing the exhaust steam, a drying oven for drying the waste material supplied from the input channel for receiving waste by transferring heat caused by bringing the waste material into direct contact with the superheated steam entering it to dry the waste material and release the exhaust steam, a high-temperature steam generator for generating superheated steam of high temperature from 700 to 1200 ° C. from steam entering into it from the boiler on excess heat, which is introduced into the drying furnace for carbonization, a deodorization furnace for deodorizing the impurities contained in the waste steam released from the drying oven by heating steam from 800 to 1200 ° C and releasing steam reaching a high temperature, excess heat boiler for generating steam from water heated with high-temperature steam leaving the deodorizing furnace, wherein the carbonization furnace is provided with a cylindrical shell having a cylindrical part with rotating blades for mixing and moving the waste material in the cylindrical shell, an exhaust channel for releasing the waste material and an inlet for steam for introducing superheated steam outside the cylindrical part located near the material outlet waste into the inner space of the cylindrical part in the same direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical part as rotation vanes for mixing rule, and the drying furnace is equipped with a cylindrical shell having a channel for introducing the pre-treated waste material to be processed, a cylindrical part with rotating blades for mixing the waste material in a cylindrical shell, an exhaust channel for releasing the waste material into the carbonization furnace, an inlet for steam for introducing exhaust steam outside the cylindrical part into the inner space of the cylindrical part in the same direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical -symmetric portion that the direction of rotation of the stirring blades, and an outlet for steam for releasing spent steam containing volatile gases and dry distillation and steam guide in an oven for deodorization. 2. The carbonization device for the production of activated carbon according to claim 1, in which the cylindrical shell is provided with many input channels for steam. 3. The carbonization device for the production of activated carbon according to claim 1, in which the cylindrical shell of the furnace for carbonization is provided with an outlet channel for steam, from which the exhaust steam after heating the waste material in the cylindrical shell leaves in the direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical part, from the inner the space of the cylindrical part outward of the cylindrical part. 4. The carbonization device for the production of activated carbon according to claim 2, in which the cylindrical shell is provided with an outlet channel for steam, from which the exhaust steam after heating the waste material in the cylindrical shell leaves in the direction tangential to the inner surface of the cylindrical part, from the inner space of the cylindrical part outward of the cylindrical part. 5. The carbonization device for the production of activated carbon according to claim 1, further comprising means for regulating the pressure or means for restricting the regulation of superheated steam or exhaust steam that passes into the drying oven or furnace to accelerate carbonization at a speed of 5 to 20 m / s. 6. The carbonization device for the production of activated carbon according to any one of claims 2-5, further comprising means for regulating the pressure or restricting means for regulating superheated steam or exhaust steam that passes into the drying oven or furnace to accelerate carbonization at a rate of from 5 to 20 m / s

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