JP2003277038A - Carbonization/activation apparatus and method for manufacturing activated carbonized object - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the manufacturing cost of an activated carbonized object by reducing the equipment cost, operation cost and maintenance cost of an carbonization/activation apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: This carbonization/activation apparatus 1 is provided with a rotary furnace 2 having a carbonization region C for carbonizing the object 21 to be treated and an activation region A for activating the carbonized object 21, a secondary combustion unit 7 for subjecting the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the furnace 2 to secondary combustion and means 6, 9 for blowing the steam generated by the heat of the unit 7 into the region A of the furnace 2. A boiler to be arranged conventionally becomes unnecessary by this constitution. Any of an externally heating rotary furnace and an internally heating rotary furnace can be used as the furnace 2. It is preferable that the partial pressure of steam in the furnace 2 is made to be ≥0.1 and ≤0.4 when the steam is blown into the region A. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an activated carbonization apparatus and an activated carbon production method for obtaining activated carbon from waste such as municipal waste and waste wood.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste such as municipal waste and waste wood is dried and carbonized in a rotary furnace, and activated carbonization (activation) is processed in another rotary furnace, that is, steam is blown to increase the specific surface area of the carbide. There is known a technique of obtaining an activated carbide by performing a treatment for increasing the size. An indirect heat exchange type rotary furnace (external heat type kiln) or a direct heat exchange type rotary furnace (internal heat type kiln) is used for these rotary furnaces.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional activated carbonization apparatus, steam is blown into the rotary furnace for performing the active carbonization treatment. The steam is supplied from the boiler equipment attached to the rotary furnace. Therefore, when performing the activated carbonization treatment, there is a problem that the cost for installing the boiler equipment is required, and the operation cost and the maintenance cost for the boiler equipment are required, which leads to an increase in the production cost of the activated carbon.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the problems in the above-mentioned conventional activated carbonization apparatus, and it is possible to reduce equipment cost, operation cost, maintenance cost, and to keep the activated carbon production cost low. It is an object of the present invention to provide an activated carbonization device and an activated carbon production method that can be performed.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is an activated carbonization apparatus, wherein a carbonized region for carbonizing an object to be treated and an activated carbonized object to be treated are activated. A rotary furnace provided with an activation region; and a secondary combustion device for secondarily burning combustion gas discharged from the rotary furnace,
Means for blowing steam generated by being heated by the secondary combustion device into the activation region of the rotary furnace.

According to the invention described in claim 1,
The combustion gas discharged from the rotary furnace is secondarily burned by the secondary combustion device, and the steam generated by being heated in the secondary combustion device is blown into the activation region of the rotary furnace, whereby the carbonized object is activated carbon. Therefore, the boiler equipment conventionally installed for generating steam to be blown into the rotary furnace becomes unnecessary. As a result, the facility cost, the operating cost, and the maintenance cost can be reduced, and the production cost of the activated carbide can be reduced.

The combustion gas referred to in the present invention means a combustible gas generated when the object to be treated is thermally decomposed by the carbonization treatment,
This is a concept that includes fine particles of the object to be treated, the carbide, and the activated carbide, which have flown in the exhaust gas of the rotary furnace during the carbonization treatment and the activated carbonization treatment.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an activated carbonization apparatus, which comprises first and second rotary furnaces for carbonizing an object to be treated, and second rotary furnaces for active carbonization of the carbonized object. Secondary combustion of the combustion gas discharged from the second rotary furnace 2
It is characterized by comprising a secondary combustion device and means for blowing steam generated by being heated by the secondary combustion device into the second rotary furnace.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the steam generated from the combustion gas discharged from the first and second rotary furnaces is secondarily combusted in the secondary combustion device and heated in the secondary combustion device. The carbonized material to be treated is activated and carbonized by being blown into the second rotary furnace, so that the boiler equipment conventionally installed for generating steam to be blown into the second rotary furnace becomes unnecessary. As a result, the facility cost, the operating cost, and the maintenance cost can be reduced, and the production cost of the activated carbide can be reduced.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the activated carbonization apparatus according to the first or second aspect, the rotary furnace is either an external heating rotary furnace or an internal heating rotary furnace. And That is, in both the external heating rotary furnace and the internal heating rotary furnace, the carbonized object to be treated can be activated carbonized by utilizing the steam generated by being heated by the secondary combustion device.

The invention according to claim 4 is a method for producing an activated carbon, which is a method for producing an activated carbon using the activated carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the steam is injected. The steam partial pressure is set to 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less in the rotary furnace. The steam partial pressure when the steam is blown is 0.1 or more in the rotary furnace,
By setting it to 4 or less, the reaction rate of activated carbonization can be appropriately maintained and the activated carbon can be efficiently produced.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, specific examples of embodiments of an activated carbonization apparatus and an activated carbon production method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an activated carbonization apparatus according to the present invention. The activated carbonization apparatus 1 is roughly divided into
Rotary furnace 2 for carbonizing and activated carbonization of an object, and rotary furnace 2
Secondary combustion device 7 for secondary combustion of the combustion gas discharged from the heat exchanger, and a heat exchanger 9 and a steam blower for blowing steam generated by being heated by the secondary combustion device 7 into the activation region A of the rotary furnace 2. It is composed of a tube 6 and the like.

The rotary furnace 2 is a direct heat exchange type internal heat countercurrent type kiln, the axis of which is inclined from the inlet side to the outlet side,
It is rotated by rotating means (not shown). A carbonization region C for carbonizing the object to be treated is formed on the inlet side (supply chute 2a side) of the rotary furnace 2, and an activation region A for active carbonizing the object to be carbonized is formed on the outlet side. A hood 4 is provided on the inlet side of the rotary furnace 2 so as to cover the supply chute 2a. The outlet end of the rotary furnace 2 is also covered with the hood 3, and activated carbon as a product is recovered from the outlet end. Also, hood 3
On the side, a burner 5 for heating the object to be treated and a steam blowing pipe 6 for blowing steam into the activation area A are arranged.

A secondary combustion device 7 is arranged above the rotary furnace 2. A burner 8 for secondary combustion of the combustion gas discharged from the rotary furnace 2 is provided on the inlet side of the secondary combustion device 7 which is surrounded by the hood 4, and the burner 8 is provided on the inlet side of the secondary combustion device 7 to rotate. A combustion region B for burning the combustion gas discharged from the furnace 2 is formed, and a heat exchange region H is formed on the outlet side.

A heat exchanger 9 is arranged in the heat exchange area H of the secondary combustion device 7 to remove water vapor generated by heat exchange between the water supplied by the pump 10 and the combustion gas in the secondary combustion device 7. Activation region A of the rotary furnace 2 from the steam injection pipe 6
Can be blown into.

A bag filter 11 for collecting dust from the exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion device 7 and a fan 12 are provided on the downstream side of the secondary combustion device 7 to open the exhaust gas to the atmosphere. 13 are arranged.

Next, the operation of the activated carbonization device having the above structure will be described.

The material to be treated 21 is charged into the rotary furnace 2 from the supply chute 2a, and the material to be treated 21 is carbonized in the carbonization region C of the rotary furnace 2. The temperature of the carbonized region C is 250 ° C.
It is set to 750 ° C. Carbonized object to be treated 21
Are then guided to the activation area A where they are activated. The temperature of the activation area A is set to 700 to 1000 ° C., and the activation is promoted by the steam blown from the steam blowing pipe 6.

Here, the partial pressure of water vapor at the time of injecting water vapor is preferably 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less in the rotary furnace 2. If the partial pressure of water vapor is less than 0.1, the supply of water vapor necessary for activation becomes insufficient, and the object to be treated 21 is placed in the activation region A for a long time of more than 1 hour for the activation treatment. It is necessary to make it stay, which is inefficient, which is not preferable. If the steam partial pressure exceeds 0.4, excess steam that is not used for activation is wasted, which is inefficient, which is not preferable. Increasing the partial pressure of water vapor increases the amount of water vapor blown in, which increases the gas flow velocity in the rotary furnace. When the gas flow velocity in the furnace exceeds 2.3 m / s, fine powder of the object to be treated 21 (particle diameter 1 mm or less)
Rises in the air flow, is discharged to the outside of the furnace and burns in the secondary combustion furnace, which is not preferable because the yield of activated carbide is reduced. When the steam partial pressure is 0.1 to 0.4, the residence time in the activation region A is approximately 15 to 60 minutes, and an activated carbon having a specific surface area of 300 to 1000 m ² / g is obtained.

Then, the object to be treated 21 is finally discharged from the outlet end of the rotary furnace 2 as activated carbon. The activated carbon discharged is highly reactive and may be ashed if discharged as it is, so it is preferable to discharge it with water spraying. In addition, when the water content of the object to be processed 21 is high, a drying process is performed, and therefore, the carbonization area C is 50 to 30 before the area C.
You may form a drying process area | region of 0 degreeC. Further, in FIG. 1, the object to be processed 21 being processed is shown by a filled triangle. This indicates that the volume of the object to be processed 21 is reduced in the processing process. That is, although it varies depending on the water content and composition of the material to be treated 21, in an example of municipal waste treatment, when the volume at the time of input is 100, the dry matter is about 5
The volume decreases as the treatment progresses, with 0, about 20 carbides, and about 5 activated carbons.

On the other hand, the combustion gas of the rotary furnace 2 is introduced from the hood 4 into the secondary combustion device 7, and in the combustion region B on the inlet side of the secondary combustion device 7, secondary combustion is performed by the heat from the burner 8. . In the heat exchange region H in which the temperature has risen due to the secondary combustion, the water supplied by the pump 10 becomes steam by the heat exchanger 9 and is guided to the activation region A of the rotary furnace 2 via the steam blowing pipe 6. As mentioned above,
The steam promotes activation of the object to be treated 21. The exhaust gas from the secondary combustion device 7 is exhausted to the atmosphere from the chimney 13 after dust is collected by the bag filter 11.

As described above, in the activated carbonization device according to the present invention, the secondary combustion device 7 and the heat exchanger 9 are provided, and the generated steam is blown into the activation region A of the rotary furnace 2 to obtain the activated carbon. Therefore, the boiler equipment conventionally installed in the rotary furnace for activation is not required, and the equipment cost, operation cost, and maintenance cost can be reduced, which in turn can reduce the production cost of activated carbide. .

Although the rotary furnace is a direct heat exchange type internal heat countercurrent type kiln in the above embodiment, the rotary furnace is an indirect heat exchange type kiln if it is a countercurrent type. May be.

In the above embodiment, the rotary furnace having the carbonization region and the activation region has been described. However, the rotary furnace for carbonizing the object to be treated (first rotary furnace) and the carbonized object to be treated Rotary furnace for active carbonization of objects (second rotary furnace)
Are independent of each other, that is, even in the activated carbonization device that performs carbonization and activation in two rotary furnaces, the combustion gas from the first rotary furnace is burned in the secondary combustion device, Steam can be generated by the heat exchanger and used as it is for activated carbonization in the second rotary furnace, which eliminates the need for the boiler equipment conventionally installed in the rotary furnace for activation.

[0026]

As described above, according to the activated carbonization apparatus and the activated carbon production method of the present invention, it is possible to reduce equipment costs, operating costs and maintenance costs, and to keep active carbon production costs low. Becomes

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of an activated carbonization device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Activated carbonization equipment 2 rotary furnaces 2a Supply chute 3 Hood (exit side) 4 Hood (entrance side) 5 burners (for rotary furnace) 6 Steam injection pipe 7 Secondary combustion device 8 burners (for secondary combustion equipment) 9 heat exchanger 10 pumps 11 bag filters 12 fans 13 chimney 21 Object to be processed

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Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A rotary furnace provided with a carbonization region for carbonizing an object to be treated and an activation region for active carbonization of the carbonized object, and a secondary furnace for secondarily burning combustion gas discharged from the rotary furnace. An activated carbonization device comprising: a combustion device; and means for blowing steam generated by being heated by the secondary combustion device into the activation region of the rotary furnace. 2. A first rotary furnace for carbonizing an object to be treated, a second rotary furnace for active carbonizing an object to be carbonized, and a combustion gas discharged from the first and second rotary furnaces. Two
An active carbonization device comprising: a secondary combustion device for secondary combustion; and means for blowing steam generated by being heated by the secondary combustion device into the second rotary furnace. 3. The activated carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotary furnace is one of an external heating rotary furnace and an internal heating rotary furnace. 4. An activated carbon production method using the activated carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the steam partial pressure at the time of injecting the steam is 0.1 or more and 0 in the rotary furnace. The method for producing an activated carbide is characterized in that it is 4 or less.