RU2321512C1 - Hopper-car - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport; rolling stock.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hopper-cars for carrying loose materials with gravity unloading. Side walls with posts have lower flat section 16 changing over into upper curvilinear section 18 of equal curvature at corresponding ratio of heights h/h₁ ≤ 1. Walls of hoppers are installed at equal angle of tilting. End face walls are tilted to center of car relative to corresponding cross walls of hopper, being at angle β ≤ 10° with said walls. Space formed over upper binders is described relation a/(b-c) ≥ 0.15 between its height "a", width "b" and width "c" of charging hatch.

EFFECT: increased useful volume of hopper-car, reduced mass of container and provision of maximum utilization of capacity.

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Description

The invention relates to railway rolling stock, and in particular to hopper cars for transporting bulk materials with gravity unloading.

Known hopper cars for bulk materials and mineral fertilizers models 11-739, 19-752, 55-350, 19-3079, 19-3079-1, 19-3079-2, 19-3054 and 19-3109 (booklet of JSC " BMZ-WAGON ”, 2001). These body structures contain vertical side walls reinforced with external struts, end walls that are in the same plane with the end walls of the bunkers, and a roof with a configuration close to the outline of the size of the rolling stock, connected to the side and end walls.

The disadvantages of these designs include the insufficient use of volume due to the presence of "dead" zones on the sides of the roof and at the places of its connection with the side walls, as well as the loss of usable volume due to the small length of the body.

There are also known designs of hopper cars in which the side walls are curved along the entire height (US, patents No. 4497258, B61D 5/02, B61D 7/02, B61D 49/00, 1982; No. 44484528, B61D 5/00, B61D 17/08, 1981; No. 4362111, B61D 7/02, B61D 17/08, 1980; No. 4398962, B61D 7/04, B61F 1/10, B61F 1/12, 1979; No. 4286524, B61D 7/04, B61D 17/08, B61D 17/12, B61D 49/00, 1979; No. 4003319, B61D 5/00, B61D 7/00, B61F 1/02, B61F 1/10, 1975 g .; RU, patents No. 2220861, B61D 7/00, B61D 17/00, B61F 1/00, 2003; No. 55445, 12-03, 2003; No. 56085, 12-03, 2003) . In these structures, the side walls smoothly pass to the roof and hoppers, the longitudinal walls of which are also made curved.

This design of the walls is due to the characteristics of the transported cargo, requiring aeration before unloading, and therefore the body is under the influence of internal pressure. However, in these designs, the internal volume is also not used enough: because of the large radius of curvature of the roof, cavities are formed in the places of its connection with the side walls that are not filled with cargo.

In the known design, the flat side walls in the upper part smoothly pass into the spherical shape of the roof with loading hatches, in the lower part into the flat walls of the bunkers, and are supported by racks repeating the profile of the side walls, the roof of the walls of the bunkers, and the end walls are made in the same plane with the end walls the walls of the bins (RU, patent No. 56319, 12-03, 2003 - adopted as a prototype). The disadvantages of this solution are the presence of unfilled volume in the side parts of the roof, and therefore the metal consumption is also overestimated, which leads to underestimated technical and economic indicators of the hopper car.

The technical result to which the invention is directed is to increase the usable volume of the hopper car, reduce its tare mass and maximize the use of volume.

, стенки бункеров установлены с одинаковым углом наклона, при этом торцевые стены наклонены к центру вагона по отношению к соответствующим поперечным стенкам бункеров и находятся с ними под углом β≤10°, а образованный над верхними обвязками объем выражается соотношением

между его высотой "а", шириной "b" и шириной "с" загрузочного люка.To achieve a technical result in a hopper car, including a running gear, a body with side and end walls, upper and lower harnesses, racks welded to the side walls, a roof with loading hatches and hoppers with an unloading mechanism, side walls and racks located between the strapping , contain a lower planar section that passes into the upper curved section of the same curvature with the corresponding height ratio

, the walls of the bins are installed with the same angle of inclination, while the end walls are inclined to the center of the car with respect to the corresponding transverse walls of the bins and are with them at an angle β≤10 °, and the volume formed above the upper strands is expressed by the ratio

between its height "a", width "b" and width "c" of the loading hatch.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows the main view of the hopper car; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 - remote element B in figure 1; figure 4 - remote element In figure 2.

The hopper car (Fig. 1) contains a running gear 1, a body 2 mounted on a frame 3 with hoppers 4, an unloading mechanism 5, an automatic coupler 6 and a brake 7 equipment, a roof 8 with loading hatches 9.

.Body 2 consists of two side 10 and two end walls 11, each of which is supported by struts 12 and 13, respectively. The side walls and racks 12 are installed between the lower 14 and upper 15 strapping, forming the main volume with the end walls and bins 4. Together with the uprights 12, they contain lower flat sections 16, 17, passing into the upper curved sections 18, 19 of the same curvature, while the ratio of the heights of these sections respectively

.

между его высотой «a», шириной «b» и шириной «с» загрузочного люка 9 наклон боковых стен 10 в верхней части кузова максимально приближен к углу естественного откоса сыпучего материала, что обеспечивает его загрузку с максимальным использованием полезного объема.The distance "b" (figure 4) between the upper harnesses 15 is the base of the figure, forming an additional volume with loading hatches 9. When the ratio

between its height “a”, width “b” and width “c” of the loading hatch 9, the inclination of the side walls 10 in the upper part of the body is as close as possible to the angle of repose of the bulk material, which ensures its loading with maximum use of the usable volume.

The longitudinal 20 and transverse 21 walls of the hoppers 4 are installed at the same angle α, and the end walls 11 are inclined to the center of the car with respect to the corresponding transverse walls 21 of the hoppers 4 and are with them at an angle β≤10 °.

The present invention allows to increase the useful volume of the hopper car, make the most of it due to the new geometry of the side walls, the new location of the end walls and the transverse walls of the bunkers, reduce the tare and increase the load capacity.

Currently made according to the claimed technical solution, the prototype is being tested.

Claims (1)

A hopper car, including a chassis, a body with side and end walls, upper and lower harnesses, racks welded to the side walls, a roof with loading hatches and hoppers with an unloading mechanism, characterized in that the side walls with racks contain a lower flat section, passing into the upper curved section of the same curvature with the corresponding height ratio

, the walls of the bins are installed with the same angle of inclination, while the end walls are inclined to the center of the car with respect to the corresponding transverse walls of the bins and are with them at an angle β≤10 °, and the volume formed above the upper strands is expressed by the ratio

between its height "a", width "b" and width "c" of the loading hatch.

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