RU2320710C1 - Method of production of lubricant-and-coolant concentrate for machining of metals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of water-based lubricant-and-coolant for machining of metals in mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method consists in dissolving borax in water at temperature of 70-80 C and adding urotropin and triethanol amine; the following components are mixed in another reservoir at room temperature: decylic alcohol, 1,4-butanediol, alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and hydroxyethylated alkyl phenol preheated to liquid state. Then, second solution is added to the first one which is cooled to temperature of 40-50 C and concentrate is stirred for 20-30 minutes.

EFFECT: increased life of lubricant-and-coolant; enhanced resistance of cutting tools; low roughness of surfaces being machined.

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Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to a method for producing cutting fluids (coolant) on a water basis for machining metals and alloys in mechanical engineering.

BACKGROUND

A known method of producing a concentrate of cutting fluid (coolant) for the mechanical treatment of metals based on water (RF Patent No. 1822197. Publ. 09/20/95), which consists in the fact that the components specified in are heated to 80-90 ° C, specified in invention, wt.%: triethanolamine - 9-15, triethanolamine soap of synthetic fatty acid fractions C ₁ -C ₉ -10-12, trietanolovoe soap of synthetic fatty acids fraction C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ -0,2-1,0, triethanolamine soap oleic acid - 1-3, block copolymer esters of ethylene and propylene oxides mol. m 2500 and monohydric primary alcohols fractions With ₅ -C ₁₅ -4-10, polyethylene glycol mol. m. 1000-3000-10-25, alkylene glycol with the number of carbon atoms 1-43-10, sodium nitrite 0.5-3.5, water - the rest.

However, first it is necessary to synthesize triethanolamine oils of synthetic fatty acids of fractions C ₁ -C ₉ and C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ , as well as triethanolamine oleic acid soap, which are commercially available. All this makes it difficult to obtain coolant concentrate and reduces the operating time of the coolant in the machines before it is changed (up to 2-4 months).

A known method of producing coolant concentrate (RF Patent No. 95100523. Publ. 07.20.1996) by mixing the components in hot water, wt.%: Triethanolamine - 15-60, glycols - 10-50, higher fatty acids - 10-55, salt cyclohexylamine and synthetic fatty acids of fractions C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ -15-60. To prepare the coolant in the specified concentrate add water in an amount of 4-40 wt.% And antifoam - 0.05-0.15 wt.%. The coolant concentrate exfoliates after 1-2 months of operation.

The low antifriction properties of this coolant reduce tool life and increase the surface roughness.

Closest to the claimed solution in terms of features, i.e. the prototype is a method of obtaining a concentrate of cutting fluid for machining metals [RF Patent No. 2255966. Publ. 07/10/2005], by simply mixing the following components: triethanolamine, ethoxylated alkyl phenol, hydroxyl-containing component and water, urotropine, borax, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (catamine), hydroxyl-containing component - 1,4-butanediol and decyl alcohol in the following ratio of starting components, wt. %: triethanolamine 28-31; hydroxyethylated alkyl phenol 8-11; urotropin 5.5-6.5; borax 0.8-1.2; alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride 4.6-5.5; 1,4-butanediol 10-12; decyl alcohol 0.8-1.2; water to 100.

Immediately after preparation, the coolant based on this concentrate shows good properties that deteriorate quickly enough. The disadvantages of the prototype: the coolant concentrate exfoliates at room temperature after 5-7 days, at a temperature of 0 ° to + 5 ° - after 1-2 days, after which its properties deteriorate sharply. Heating and mixing the stratified coolant concentrate does not increase its properties; the coolant service life on such concentrate is up to 6 months in centralized systems. The properties of the coolant solution: low resistance of the cutters when working on a screw-cutting lathe - 80-90 min, and the roughness of the treated surface is 0.85-0.95 microns.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The inventive task was to develop a method for producing a concentrate of cutting fluid for machining metals, which allows to increase the resistance of the cutting tool to obtain a low roughness of the machined surfaces and increase the service life of the concentrate.

The task is achieved by creating a method for producing coolant concentrate, which consists in the bora being dissolved in water at a temperature of 70-80 ° С, then urotropine and triethanolamine are added to the solution with complete stirring until they are completely dissolved, decyl alcohol is mixed in another container at room temperature , 1,4-butanediol, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and liquid ethoxylated alkyl phenol, after which the second solution is added to the first solution, cooled to 40-50 ° C, and the concentrate is stirred for 20-30 minutes

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

EXAMPLE 1. 0.8 g (0.8 wt.%) Of borax is dissolved in 42.3 g (42.3 wt.%) Of water at a temperature of 70 ° C, then 5.5 g (5, 5 wt.%) Of urotropine and 28 g (28 wt.%) Of triethanolamine until they are completely dissolved.

In another container at room temperature, 10 g (10 wt.%) Of 1,4-butanediol, 0.8 g (0.8 wt.%) Of decyl alcohol and 4.6 g (4.6 wt.%) Of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride are mixed then 8 g (8 wt%) hydroxyethylated alkyl phenol is added to the liquid. This solution with a temperature of 20 ° C with stirring is combined with the first solution, cooled to a temperature of 40 ° C, and stirring is carried out for 30 minutes (until the concentrate is homogenized). The concentrate is ready to use.

EXAMPLE 2. 10 g (10 wt.%) Of borax is dissolved in 36.6 g (36.6 wt.%) Of water at a temperature of 75 ° C, then 6 g (6 wt.%) Of urotropine and 29, 6 g (29.6 wt.%) Of triethanolamine until completely dissolved.

In another container at room temperature, 11 g (11 wt.%) 1,4-butanediol, 1.0 g (1.0 wt.%) Decyl alcohol and 5.0 g (5.0 wt.%) Alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride are mixed then 9.5 g (9.5 wt.%) hydroxyethylated alkyl phenol are added to the liquid. This solution with a temperature of 20 ° C with stirring is combined with the first solution, cooled to a temperature of 45 ° C, and stirring is carried out for 25 minutes. The concentrate is ready to use.

EXAMPLE 3. 1.2 g (1.2 wt.%) Of borax is dissolved in 31.6 g (31.6 wt.%) Of water at a temperature of 80 ° C, 6.5 g (6.5 wt. .%) urotropine and 31 g (31 wt.%) triethanolamine until they are completely dissolved.

In another container at room temperature, 12 g (12 wt.%) Of 1,4-butanediol, 1.2 g (1.2 wt.%) Of decyl alcohol and 5.5 g (5.5 wt.%) Of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride are mixed after which 11 g (11 wt.%) ethoxylated alkyl phenol is heated to a liquid state.

The second solution with a temperature of 20 ° C with stirring is combined with the first solution, cooled to a temperature of 50 ° C, and stirring is carried out for 20 minutes before homogenization of the concentrate. The concentrate is ready to use.

Changing the order of dissolution of the components, especially violation of temperature conditions, leads to the separation of the coolant concentrate with a sharp deterioration in the properties of the cutting fluid based on this concentrate.

The obtained compositions of the coolant concentrate diluted with softened water to working concentrations (5-7 wt.%) Were tested on a 1K62 lathe when cutting (finishing turning) low-alloy steel 40XH. The resistance of the cutting tool was evaluated by the operating time during which it is possible to obtain the roughness of the machined surfaces in the range of 0.55-0.63 microns.

The surface roughness was evaluated according to GOST 2789-83 on a profilograph-profilometer. The test results are presented in table 1.

Table 1 Examples, n / a The resistance of the cutting tool (cutter), min The roughness of the treated surfaces, microns Coolant operating time before the shift, months one 210 0.55 fifteen 2 270 0.32 22 3 190 0.63 eighteen Prototype 80-90 0.85-0.95 12 (in centralized systems 6 months)

Table 1 shows the achieved technical result: the resistance of the cutting tool increased by 2.1-3.3 times, the roughness of the machined surfaces decreased by 1.3-2.9 times, the life of the coolant increased by 2 times.

On the blade processing of steel, cast iron, aluminum alloys, the coolant obtained by the proposed method has indicators on the same level as the water-soluble coolant Shell Adrana D407.

The coolant obtained by the proposed method can be used when working on all metalworking machines, including CNC.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining a cutting fluid concentrate, comprising dissolving in water with stirring the components of triethanolamine, ethoxylated alkyl phenol, urotropine, borax, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, 1,4-butanediol, decyl alcohol, characterized in that it is preliminarily in water at a temperature of 70-80 ° C borax is dissolved, then, with stirring, urotropine and triethanolamine are added to the solution until they are completely dissolved, decyl alcohol, 1,4-butanediol, and alkyldimethylbenzene are mixed in another container at room temperature ammonium chloride and heated to a liquid state oxyethylated alkylphenol, whereupon the second solution is added to the first solution, cooled to 40-50 ° C, and the concentrate was stirred for 20-30 min.