RU2317272C2 - Composition for manufacture of the heat-insulating material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical industry; other industries; production of compositions for manufacture of the heat-insulating material.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of the chemical industry. The composition for manufacture of the heat-insulating material includes the carbamideformaldehyde resin, the acid hardening agent, the filling agent, the surface-active substance and the water. In the capacity of the filling agent they use asbestos- chrysotile, either the basalt fiber, or the fiberglass, either the slag wool, or their binary mixture at any mass ratio, and also it additionally contains "REST" modificator made on the basis of the alkali metals carboxylates and alcohols of the aliphatic series at the following components ratio (in mass %): the carbamideformaldehyde resin - 65-72; the acid hardening agent - 1.1-1.8; the filling agent - 1.1-10.2; the surface-active substance - 2.6-3.4; "REST" modificator made on the basis of the alkali metals carboxylates and alcohols of the aliphatic series - 2.2-2.4; the water - 10.2-28.0. The technical result of the invention: the big duration of the service life of the composition with the high characteristics of the fire-safety and the indexes of the mechanical strength.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased service life of the composition, the high characteristics of the fire-safety and the indexes of the mechanical strength.

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Description

Introduction

The invention relates to the chemical industry and can be used for the manufacture of heat-insulating material intended for pipelines of hot and cold water supply, heat transfer tanks, oil and bitumen pipelines, cold rooms, car bodies and wagons. For heat-insulating materials of this purpose, extremely important indicators are: the service life, determined by the aging rate of the material, combustibility and mechanical strength, especially for pipelines, where the appearance of cracks in the material makes it unsuitable for thermal insulation.

State of the art

A known mixture (AS USSR No. 1505909, 1989) for the manufacture of heat-insulating material, including urea resin, ammonium chloride, semi-aqueous phosphogypsum, expanded polystyrene, sulfite liquor, perlite sand and water.

However, products from this mixture with a high bulk density have low mechanical strength.

The known composition (Pat. USSR No. 1834870, 1993) for the manufacture of heat-insulating material, including urea-formaldehyde resin, acid hardener, filler, surfactant, urea, sodium silicate.

However, the disadvantages of this composition are the relatively high water absorption of the finished products, a significant content of harmful impurities, low mechanical strength of the finished products and their low life due to aging and destruction at temperatures above 40 ° C.

Known (Pat. RF №2055820, 1996) composition for the manufacture of insulating material, which is the closest in technical essence and the achieved result.

It contains the following components, wt.%:

urea-formaldehyde resin 20-65 surface-active substance 1-5 acid hardener 1-5 filler 5-40 plasticizer 0.2-5.0 water rest

As a filler, the composition contains either expanded perlite sand, or porous sands based on slag, or gypsum, or phosphogypsum, or paper sludge, or expanded clay, or wood chips, or sawdust, or sodium silicate, or their binary or ternary mixtures in a mass ratio of ingredients 1: 1.

The composition allows to obtain a stable foam mass, reduce water absorption, reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, and reduce bulk density.

However, this composition has the following disadvantages:

- low life of products due to rapid aging and destruction at operating temperatures above 100 ° C, which occurs, for example, for pipelines of hot heat supply and heat transfer tanks;

- low fire safety characteristics of the finished insulation material;

- low mechanical strength of products.

Thus, the composition for the manufacture of heat-insulating material is not known, having at the same time a higher service life, fire safety characteristics and indicators of mechanical strength.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The inventive task was to find a composition for the manufacture of a heat-insulating material, including urea-formaldehyde resin, an acid hardener, a filler, a surfactant, and water, which would make it possible to obtain a material having both a higher service life, fire safety characteristics, and mechanical strength indicators.

The problem is solved by the composition for the manufacture of thermal insulation material, including urea-formaldehyde resin, an acid hardener, a filler, a surfactant and water, which contains asbestos-chrysotile, or basalt fiber, or fiberglass, or slag, or a binary mixture for any ratio, and also additionally contains a REST modifier based on alkali metal carboxylates and aliphatic alcohols in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

urea-formaldehyde resin 65-72 acid hardener 1.1-1.8 filler 1.1-10.2 surface-active substance 2.6-3.4 REST modifier based on alkaline carboxylates Aliphatic metals and alcohols 2.2-2.4 water 10.2-28.0

The invention allows to obtain the following advantages:

- significantly, 5-6 times, increase the life of the product as a result of a decrease in the aging rate of the insulating material;

- increase the fire safety of the finished material;

- increase the strength characteristics of products.

Information confirming the reproducibility of the invention

To obtain the claimed composition, you can use the following substances.

As urea-formaldehyde resin, for example, KFMT-15 (TU 6-00-0501-5227-26-95), VPSG (TU 2223-057-0501-5227-96), KF-Zh (GOST 14231-88) can be used , (TU 2223-012-00203803-98), Forcon (TU 2181-013-00203803-98).

Orthophosphoric acid (GOST 10676-76) or sulfuric acid (GOST 4204-77) can be used as an acid hardener.

As a filler, you can use asbestos-chrysotile (GOST 12871-93), or chopped basalt fiber (TU U V.2.7.88 023.025-96), or fiberglass (TU 17139-2000), or slag (GOST 4640-93), or binary mixtures of these materials. Moreover, the ratio of components can be any and is determined only by the need to obtain the quality of finished products, determined by the specifics of the scope of the latter.

As a surfactant, you can use those that retain foaming ability in acidic environments, such as foaming agent No. 3 (TU 6-14-508-80, change No. 1), PO-ZA (TU 38-10923-86) or " Stream "(TU 38-5074-87).

The “REST” modifier (TU 2254-348-04740850-01) based on alkali metal carboxylates and aliphatic alcohols is used as a modifier.

The claimed composition can be obtained, for example, at atmospheric pressure and an ambient temperature of 5-35 ° C by sequentially introducing urea-formaldehyde resin, water, a surfactant, a modifier and a filler into the mixing apparatus, vigorously mixing the components of the mixture until a predetermined volume of foam is formed and introducing an acid hardener. To obtain products, the foam was poured into molds and after 15-20 minutes hardened products in the form of plates of 1000 × 1000 × 100 or 1000 × 1000 × 50 mm were placed on pallets, first kept at 20-25 ° C for 8 hours and then until complete drying at 40-50 ° C (12-18 hours).

The resulting products were tested according to GOST 30244-94, GOST 30402-96, GOST 17177-94.

The life of the products was judged by the results of accelerated testing of aging samples. For this product, dimensions 100 × 100 × 100 mm were heated in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 150 ° C and t _{acceleration was} visually recorded - the time of the appearance of the first crack in the sample.

To calculate the life of products in real conditions, i.e. at a temperature of 90-120 ° C (t _real ), the thermal coefficient of destruction rate of 2.7 was used.

The combustibility index was determined by two parameters: 1) mass loss (in percent) of samples 400 mm long and 50 mm in diameter, maintained in the flame of a gas burner with a temperature of 800 ° C for 30 min;

2) an increase in flame temperature over the samples (° C).

For comparison, manufactured products from the composition of the prototype using the following components, wt.%:

- mortar solution M-3 65 - orthophosphoric acid one - filler: ground polystyrene suspension waste four - expanded perlite sand one - polyvinyl alcohol 0.2 - surfactant - foaming agent "Flow" one - ammonium phosphate 0.5 - a mixture of carboxylic acids C ₂ and C ₄ in a ratio of 1: 2 0.3 - water 27

For comparison, the composition of the prototype and products from it were obtained and tested under conditions similar to the conditions for the preparation and testing of the claimed composition and products from it

Examples of the claimed composition with different contents of various components are given in table 1.

The results of comparative tests of the compositions indicated in the table. 1, and compositions of the prototype are presented in table.2.

As obviously follows from the data presented, the claimed composition allows to obtain products with high quality characteristics.

Table 1 Examples of the claimed composition Components The content of components, wt.% one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Urea-formaldehyde resin: - KFMT 72 - 71 72 72 72 72 72 - HSV - 65 - - - - - - Acid Hardener: - orthophosphoric acid 1.8 - - - - - - - sulphuric acid - 1,1 1,1 1,1 1.8 1,1 1,1 1,1 Filler: - asbestos chrysotile 1,1 - - - - - - - - basalt fiber - 1,1 - - - - - - - fiberglass - - 3,5 - - - - - - slag - - - 4.0 - - - - - asbestos + basalt fiber 1:50 - - - - - - - 5,0 - asbestos-chrysotile + slag 1:10 - - - - 10,2 - - - - basalt. fiber + fiberglass 1: 1 - - - - - 7.1 - - - fiberglass + slag 1: 5 - - - - - - 10.0 - Surfactant: N3 foaming agent 2.6 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.4 3.0 3.0 3,5 REST modifier 2.2 2.2 2,3 2,3 2,4 2,3 2,3 2,3 Water 20.3 28.0 19.1 17.6 10,2 14.5 11.6 16.1

table 2 Qualitative indicators Name of indicator Examples one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Prototype Lifetime: - t _acceleration , days 54 fifty 52 52 54 52 54 51 9 - t _real , years thirty 27 28.5 28.5 thirty 28.5 thirty 28 four Flammability Index: - loss of mass,% 41 45 42 43 42 41 42 45 55 - temperature increase, ° С 150 180 155 155 157 156 155 170 260 Ultimate compressive strength, kPa 150 120 140 160 120 130 130 150 90 The coefficient of thermal conductivity, λ · 10 ³ W (m · K) 36 34 36 36 36 36 36 35 38 Density, kg / m ³ 150 120 150 150 150 150 150 140 120

Claims (1)

Composition for the manufacture of heat-insulating material, including urea-formaldehyde resin, acid hardener, filler, surfactant and water, characterized in that it contains asbestos-chrysotile, or basalt fiber, or glass fiber, or slag, or their binary mixture any mass ratio, and also additionally contains a REST modifier based on alkali metal carboxylates and aliphatic alcohols in the following ratio of components, wt.%: urea-formaldehyde resin 65-72 acid hardener 1.1-1.8 filler 1.1-10.2 surface-active substance 2.6-3.4 carboxylate-based REST modifier alkali metals and aliphatic alcohols 2.2-2.4 water 10.2-28.0