RU2316227C1 - Method for preparing of liquid feeds and apparatus for performing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, feed production equipment.

SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing humic acids and humates from peat and brown lignite; preparing mixed feeds from feeding grain and grain waste; preparing liquid feeds from raw plant material such as fodder and succulent feeds; mixing said components; cooling and dispensing according to designation. Humic acids and humates are prepared from peat or brown lignite by cavitational dispersion of peat or brown lignite in aqueous solution of alkalis until full yield of humic acids is obtained, followed by producing of humates through adding of sodium and potassium hydroxides and carbonates and cavitational dispersion until temperature of mixture reaches 80-90 C. Mixed feed is produced from feeding grain and grain wastes by cavitational dispersion in aqueous solution of feeding grain, in particular, grain of cereal and leguminous crops, and grain wastes until temperature of mixture reaches 60-80 C. There occurs conversion of starches into easily digestible substances and gelatinization of resulted suspension. Liquid feeds are produced from raw plant material by cavitational dispersion of said material in aqueous solution until fiber is converted into starch which is partly hydrolyzed into sugar. Apparatus has humic acid and humates preparing line, line for preparing of mixed feed from feeding grain and grain waste, and line for preparing of liquid feeds from raw plant material such as fodders and succulent feeds. Humic acid and humates preparing line has weighing dispenser, belt conveyor, mixer, cavitational disperser, reservoirs for commercial humic acids and humates. Mixed feed preparing line has weighing dispensers, belt conveyor, mixer, and wet grain milling-type cavitational disperser. Liquid feed preparing line has weighing dispensers, belt conveyor, grinder, magnetic iron matter separator, and cavitational disperser. Apparatus has collecting mixer, screw conveyor, and ready feed storing and dispensing reservoir.

EFFECT: improved digestibility of resulted feeds.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The field of technology.

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and is intended for the preparation of high-quality feeds that have undergone cavitation disinfection, increased digestibility for fattening pigs, young cattle, and also as feed additives for adult animals.

A known method of obtaining feed from feed grain (Russian patent No. 2230461 dated 06/20/2004) by increasing the nutritional value of its germination. The method of preparation of the feed includes soaking the grains in water, mixing with a substrate, which is used as sapropel and moss - sphagnum, the proportion of which is 0.7% of the dry matter of each component by weight of dry grain. The mixture is then placed on germination trays. At the same time, sapropel enriches the food with elements of mineral nutrition, and moss - sphagnum due to its fungicidal and bactericidal action slows down the process of decomposition of unlike grains.

The disadvantages of the known method of obtaining feed are:

- lack of grinding and dispersion of grain, which prevents a more complete assimilation of nutrients contained in grain;

- insufficient bactericidal effect on the components of the prepared feed and the lack of control of mycotoxins, some of which go into meat and other products, such as milk and eggs, especially prone to the accumulation of mycotoxins, and others, enhancing the effect of each other, cause the effect of toxic synergism.

A known method of obtaining feed from feed grain (Russian patent No. 2230459 dated 06/20/2004), according to which the grain is soaked in water for 6 hours, then the water is drained and the grain is mixed with moss - sphagnum, cut 1-3 cm long, dose which is 10-20 kg of dry matter of moss per 1 ton of dry grain. The grain germinated in this way is fed along with the substrate of moss - sphagnum to animals.

The disadvantages of the known method of obtaining feed are:

- lack of grinding and dispersion of grain, which does not allow to fully absorb the nutrients contained in the grain;

- lack of technology for the isolation of starch from grain and its conversion into sugars, which are easily (90-100%) digested in pigs in the stomach, and in cows in the rumen;

- insufficient bactericidal effect on feed components and lack of control of mycotoxins contained in grain.

A known method of producing feed from feed grain (Russian patent No. 2230460 dated 06/20/2004), according to which the grain is soaked in water for 6 hours, then the water is drained and the grain is mixed with sapropel in an amount of 15-25 kg per 1 ton of dry grain. Grain is germinated for 4-5 days and fed to animals with sapropel.

The disadvantage of this method of obtaining feed from feed grain are:

- lack of grinding and dispersion of grain, which does not allow animals to fully absorb the nutrients contained in the grain;

- lack of technology for the destruction of the bacterial flora "arrived from the field" and mycotoxins contained in grain;

- lack of technology for converting starches into sugars for faster absorption.

Known combined feed product and pet food (Russian patent No. 2240703 from 11/27/2004), according to which a combined feed product of low humidity is obtained from a gelable mixture of a protein source and a starch source. The choice of sources of protein and starch in a known feed product is determined in general by feed requirements, taste characteristics and the type of feed produced.

Plant protein sources are gluten, wheat protein, soy protein, rice protein, corn protein, etc.

The passing sources of animal proteins are the muscle and skeletal meat of mammals, poultry and fish, as well as crushed raw materials, such as meat meal, bone meal, fish meal, etc.

Preferably, the source of starch is grain, such as corn, rice, wheat, barley, oats or soy, and mixtures thereof.

If desired, various other ingredients may be included in a thermally gelable mixture, for example, salt, spices, seasonings, vitamins, mineral additives, flavoring agents, lipids, and the like.

A mixture capable of gelation when heated is obtained from wheat gluten, skimmed soy flour, sugars, melted lard and water.

The disadvantages of this method are:

high energy consumption for grinding and heating the mixture in a colloid mill to 115 ° C;

the need for dehydration of the mixture;

the need for frying pet food (dogs, cats) in a deep fat fryer, in beef fat, at a temperature of 177 ° C.

A known method for the disposal of high-quality food waste (Russian patent No. 22878720 from 03/27/2005), which includes adding to a high-moisture alcohol stillage with a moisture content of 85 to 95% pre-ground grain waste with a moisture content of 10 to 20%. Due to conductive mass transfer, the humidity of the mixture reaches the technological one. The resulting mixture is subjected to extrusion processing. Then the extrudate is dried by a stream of air in the room until a moisture content of 10 ÷ 12% is reached.

The disadvantages of this method are:

- use as a main component of pre-ground grain waste;

- high costs for the extrusion of the product, since friction is used as the only source of heating;

- the need for additional drying of the extrudate with a stream of heated air.

A known method of preparation of feeds (Russian patent No. 2261621 of 10.10.2005), including mixing products with water, hydrodynamic, cavitation and thermal effects, in which the mixture is passed through a system of moving channels with variable cross-sections in the course of its movement to ensure the release of energy of collapsible cavitation bubbles, which are sent to the processed mixture repeatedly moving in a closed circuit to bring it to a homogeneous state with a temperature of 50-70 ° C.

In the known method, the agricultural feedstock containing trace elements, protein, vitamin and mineral components is diluted in a certain proportion with water. The resulting mixture is fed into a special chamber in which due to the geometric profile of the channels, the dynamics of their grinding, and also the rotor speed, hydrodynamic conditions are created for the formation of cavitation bubbles. The mixture is pushed through channels with a variable cross section, in which, due to a change in the flow rate, a change in the pressure of the mixture occurs, which leads to the formation of gas bubbles, steam.

As the flow advances through the channels of the chamber into the zone with reduced pressure, cavitation bubbles begin to collapse.

The disadvantages of this method are:

- zones of stable occurrence of cavitation bubbles can only be channels of variable cross section - 14, stator - 11;

- an insufficiently clear understanding of the conditions for the emergence and collapse of cavitation bubbles, namely: in areas with low pressure, cavitation bubbles arise, and only when the mixture moves to the zone of high pressure, cavitation bubbles collapse.

A well-known mixer of bulk and liquid feed (Russian patent No. 2201120 dated 03/27/2003), including a vertical cylindrical housing in which a mixer with tiered horizontal blades is mounted coaxially on the shaft, a device for loading the original bulk and liquid components and unloading the mixture: upper half the mixer shaft is made in the form of a tube, in the wall of which there are holes for supplying liquid components to the inside of the housing, and the upper tier of the blades is installed under the holes on the lower cone of the tube, and on the external floor ah blades through openings and the lower part of the housing has a conical shape, which responsively chamfered lower ends of the blades. In addition, the holes in the shaft tube and on the blades of the mixer are staggered, and the lower part of the body and the ends of the lower blades are beveled at an angle to the vertical equal to 18-31 °.

The disadvantages of the known mixer bulk and liquid feed are:

the mixer is intended for the preparation of feed from finished components;

the inability to ensure the grinding of grains or grinding of feed components to a finely divided state;

the inability to disperse the feed and, for example, its cavitation heating, detoxification and conversion of starches into sugars.

Known production line for the preparation of feed "Tichenko-Argus" (Russian patent No. 2223013 dated 02/10/2004), including a series-connected and technologically connected pre-loading device, conveyor, magnetic column, working capacity, chopper for cyclical processing of raw materials.

Raw materials for the preparation of feed, for example, in the form of feed grain, are poured into a loading device, from which it is sent through a conveyor to a feed purifier. Having cleared of mechanical impurities, the raw material enters the dispenser, which at the same time add various additives that improve the nutritional value of the feed. Water is poured into the dispersant tank, the pump is started and raw materials are fed into the tank by the conveyor.

The dispersant provides under the influence of cavitation forces of high-frequency resonance, mechanical grinding, emulsification and thermal heating during the destruction of intercellular and intermolecular bonds the formation of a paste-like animal feed.

The disadvantages of the known processing line for the preparation of feed are:

- low density of cavitation in the working bodies of grinding "Argus" due to the fact that the channel openings in the rings of the rotor and stator are made in the form of subsonic nozzles, the profile of which is intended for gases, and not for liquids;

- the manufacture of channels in the stator in the form of holes with the outlet of the processed suspension through the end surfaces also does not contribute to increasing the density of cavitation, and therefore increasing the efficiency of the production line. It would be more logical to muffle the end surfaces of the holes, arrange the running edge of the holes in an appropriate manner and make the cylindrical stator openings work as hydrodynamic Levasser scrolls.

Known installation for cooking (Russian patent No. 2261621 from 10.10.2005 year), which includes a hopper for preliminary mixing of the feed (grain, crushed plants, food waste, etc.) with water, inlet and outlet pipelines, stopcock , mixing, grinding and heating chamber, nozzles, rotor, large and small blades, drain cock, electric motor and control devices.

The named device works as follows. The hopper is filled with water to a certain level, to which the feed components are added, in the required proportion, then the shut-off valve is opened and the electric motor is started. The feed mixture passes through the inlet pipe through the inlet pipe to the grinding chamber. The mixture passes through the channels of the mixed section of the rotating rotor, is subjected to hydrodynamic, cavitation and thermal effects, and then, passing the channels of the rotor and stator, is sent through the outlet pipe to the hopper. A similar cycle of the feed preparation process is repeated many times. Repeated circulation of the feed mixture through the chamber in a closed loop leads to a gradual decrease in the particle size of the mixture, structural changes, decrease in fiber content, the destruction of toxic fungi and its gradual heating. The resulting feed has high quality, softness, good digestibility due to structural transformations of the feedstock and is suitable for feeding young animals.

The disadvantages of the known installation for the preparation of feed are:

the lack of a mixing device in the hopper designed to keep the feed components in suspension in water and preventing the inlet pipe and pipeline from clogging up with grain settled on the bottom;

a concentric arrangement of the rotor and stator with a gap in the radial direction of 0.2-0.25 mm, which, with high grain hardness and the presence of inseparable small stones and sand particles in it, will lead to accelerated formation-cavitation wear of mating surfaces, and then a sharp decrease in efficiency installation;

insufficiently effective from the point of view of hydrodynamics channel shape in the stator, made in the form of radially arranged nozzles. The nozzle shape contains cylindrical and conical diverging parts. From the point of view of the hydrodynamic theory of the formation of cavitation bubbles, in the form of nozzles in the stator it could suddenly expand, with the formation of zones of reduced pressure, in which the process of formation of cavitation bubbles would more actively take place. (P.P. Chugaev. Hydraulics. - M.: Energy, Leningrad Branch - 1971, pp. 135-140).

Disclosure of the invention.

The technical problem to which the present invention is directed is to create a method for cavitation preparation of liquid feed and an installation for its implementation, which allows preparing full-fledged, easily digestible, homogenized, disinfected feeds in livestock farms, bypassing the phase of preparation of animal feed from feed grain, grain processing waste, by-products products of grain processing enterprises, food waste, etc., from plant materials, roughage and succulent feed.

Another objective of the invention is the development of a production line for cavitation preparation of a feed additive based on humates (sodium or potassium humate), a line for cavitation preparation of a feed component of feed from feed grain (cereal and leguminous crops) and grain processing waste (crushed grain, weed seeds etc.), lines for cavitation preparation of the feed component from plant materials, roughage and waste feed, straw, hay, silage, haylage) and grain processing waste (husk, floor Island, meal, oil cakes, etc.).

The technical result of the invention is a method of cavitation preparation of liquid feed. The composition of the feed is complex, as it represents, depending on the purpose, feed, vegetable components and feed additives (micro, medium and macro additives).

Liquid feed prepared by the proposed method can be used both for fattening cattle meat breeds, and for dairy herds, for fattening pigs and other animals with both single-chamber and multi-chamber stomachs.

The technical result is achieved by:

a) The cavitation method for producing a feed additive based on humic acids and humates (sodium or potassium humate) from peat or brown coal involves the cavitation dispersion of peat or brown coal in an alkaline aqueous solution until the humic acids are completely released, followed by the production of humates by adding hydroxides and sodium and potassium carbonates, cavitation dispersion until the temperature of the mixture reaches 80-90 ° C, at which the suspension “thickens”.

Humates, getting together with food in the stomachs of animals, increase the permeability of cell membranes and thereby contribute to the filling of potassium in the intracellular fluid, which accelerates cell division. At the same time, physiological processes are intensified in cells due to an additional supply of energy.

Trace elements contained in brown coals (magnesium, manganese, copper, molybdenum, selenium, iodine, silver, etc.) satisfy the needs of animal organisms and contribute to the replenishment of the necessary energy for bone formation and general activation of the body (for example: manganese is involved in redox processes and is an integral part of enzymes, copper takes part in oxidation processes, enhances the intensity of respiratory processes, protein synthesis is difficult without it, iodine can be a part of free amino acids and responsibly proteins, etc.).

With regard to the positive properties of humate (sodium or potassium), Doctor of Biological Sciences T. Okolelova writes (1996) that he has a generally stimulating effect on the body and at the same time, is harmless, does not have allergenic, anaphylactogenic, teratogenic, embryotoxigenic properties.

Humates made from brown coals are especially effective in aqueous solutions, as water is an essential part of the diet, ensuring the flow of metabolic reactions, digestion, excretion of metabolic products with urine, especially with the absorbent present in this product in the form of a small amount of activated carbon in combination with humic acids.

The content of the main components in the feed additive is determined by the initial composition of the used peat, brown coal, the content of which is naturally hydrated humic acids should be at least 20%, and the ash content should not exceed 30%. In the event of a lack of individual trace elements in the initial compositions, it is necessary to replenish them from other sources.

The essence of cavitation is as follows.

When a mixture of peat or coal with water passes through a cavitation dispersant, in the structurally designed places of which there are zones of low and high pressure, the mixture is subjected to sharp alternating loads. When the pressure in the mixture decreases below the pressure of saturated water vapor (depending on pressure and temperature), intensely boiling water in the mixture forms many cavitation bubbles.

When the mixture moves to the zone of increased pressure, the bubbles disappear and collapse, at the disappearance points of which, as you know, local zones with high temperatures and pressures arise. If the bubbles retained a spherical shape at the moment of disappearance, then all collisions occur in the center of the former bubble, and if the bubble shape was deformed by hydrodynamic influences, then the formation of high-energy cumulative streams occurs. The shock waves generated by them have an energy exceeding not only the Van Der Wals bonds, but also the C-C bonds in organic compounds, which ensures the disintegration and destruction of the peat and coal components, and the physicochemical processes of processing the feedstock are initiated and intensified.

b) The cavitation method for preparing liquid feed from feed grain (cereals and legumes) and grain processing waste (crushed grain, weed seeds, etc.) includes cavitation treatment of feed grain, which is carried out by cavitation dispersion in an aqueous solution of feed grain, which is a grain of cereals and legumes, and grain processing waste until the temperature of the mixture reaches 60-80 ° C, at which the conversion of starches to easily digestible substances and gelatinization of the floor ennoy suspension. Such substances are most often monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides (glucose, fructose, sorbose, maltose, galactose, etc.).

c) The cavitation method of preparing a component of liquid feed from plant material, coarse and waste feed includes cavitation treatment of plant material, coarse and succulent feed, which is carried out in an aqueous medium, and heating the mixture.

It is known that in the complex stomach of ruminants, fiber is partially digested and processed by large colonies of microorganisms that inhabit the scar. For animals with such a stomach, in order to preserve the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, part of the feed must be preserved in its original or partially processed form, and a smaller part should be cavitationally crushed, pulped and converted part of the fiber (cellulose) into starch and sugar.

In animals with single-chamber stomachs (horses, pigs), roughage is digested worse, since the digestion and absorption of the main amount of nutrients in the diet occurs in the intestine. For such animals, preliminary cavitation treatment of roughage, in order to transfer nutrients to easily digestible forms, brings a significant increase in productivity.

The essence of cavitation effects on plant materials, coarse and succulent feeds is as follows: fiber (cellulose), like starch, is a natural polymer. It turned out that these substances have the same structural units and, therefore, the same molecular formula (C ₆ H ₁₀ O ₅ ) n.

Cellulose and starch molecules differ in structure. The starch molecules have a linear, and most often branched, structure, while cellulose molecules have only a linear structure. This explains that cellulose, which has a significantly higher n value, forms such fibrous materials as cotton, linen, hemp, etc.

In the process of cavitation dispersion of plant materials in an aqueous solution, part of the fiber is converted to starch, and under the influence of high temperatures in the collapse of cavitation bubbles, partial starch hydrolysis to sugar occurs.

The total hydrolysis of cellulose can be expressed by the same equation as the hydrolysis of starch:

(C ₆ H ₁₀ O ₅ ) n + nH ₂ O → n · C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆

d) A production line has been developed for cavitation preparation of liquid feed (figure 1), including:

- a line of cavitation preparation of a feed additive based on humates (sodium or potassium humate), consisting of the following equipment:

1 - a dump truck for the transportation of peat or brown coal, crushed to 0-10 mm;

2 - a weight batcher for feeding peat or brown coal;

3 - belt conveyor;

4 - mixer;

5 - cavitation dispersant wet grinding peat or brown coal;

19 - capacity for commercial humic acids or humates.

- line cavitation preparation of liquid feed from feed grain (grains of grains and legumes), consisting of the following equipment:

6 - a car for the transportation of grain and grain waste;

7 - weight batchers for feeding grain;

8 - belt conveyor;

9 - mixer;

10 - cavitation dispersant wet grinding grains of cereals and legumes.

- line cavitation preparation of liquid feed from plant materials, roughage and succulent feed, consisting of the following equipment:

11 - a car for the transportation of plant materials, roughage and succulent feed;

12 - weight feed dispensers;

13 - belt conveyor;

14 - mixer;

15 - cavitation dispersant wet grinding of vegetable raw materials of rough and succulent feed;

16 - chopper roughage;

17 - magnetic iron separator;

18 - capacity for storage and delivery of finished feed;

20 - prefabricated mixer;

21 - screw conveyor for loading feed into a storage tank.

The inventive method of preparing liquid feed is as follows.

Pre-dried to a moisture content of 25-30% peat or brown coal, most of which has high natural humidity, which makes them sticky and it becomes difficult to grind them due to sticking of bins and leaks, clogging of crushers and grinding devices, they are delivered to the line by dump truck cooking feed additives. By means of a batcher, peat and brown coal are sent to a mixer, into which water and alkali are supplied. The resulting mixture is sent to a cavitation dispersant, which, pumping it from the mixer after processing, returns it to the mixer again. In the process of cavitation dispersion, a physical and chemical decomposition of peat and brown coal at the molecular level occurs simultaneously. The peat or carbohydrate paste-like suspension obtained due to the cavitation processes is intensively heated and mixed. Cavitation treatment of peat and brown coal is carried out until the complete release of humic acids.

If it is necessary to obtain humic acids as a commercial product, which will be further used outside the technological line, the resulting suspension is sent to a container for storing humic acids. In the case of using humic acids and humates for the preparation of a feed additive, hydroxides, carbonates and bicarbonates of potassium, sodium or potassium are added to the resulting suspension until the complete conversion of humic acids to humates of potassium or sodium. For the complete conversion of humic acids into humates, the suspension is passed through a cavitation dispersant until its temperature reaches 80-90 ° C. The resulting product is dark brown or black in color has a high sorption, ion exchange, coplex forming, chelating, flocculating, coagulating and biological activity. Subsequently, humates are fed into a prefabricated mixer for mixing with other components of liquid feed.

Feed grain (grain of cereals and legumes or grain processing waste delivered by car is supplied by weighing batchers and then by conveyor belt to the mixer. Water, necessary mineral additives and microelements are poured into the mixer. The cereals are suspended in the mixer by the impeller turbine, then the grain the water mixture is fed into the cavitation dispersant, and from it back to the mixer.During the cavitation dispersion, cell structures are degraded, starch is released into the solution and gluten free.

Preparation of feed from feed grain and grain processing waste is carried out by cavitation dispersion in an aqueous solution of feed grain, which is a grain of cereals and legumes, and grain processing waste until the mixture reaches a temperature of 60-80 ° C, at which starch is converted to easily digestible substances and gelatinization of the obtained suspensions. The substances obtained as a result of starch hydrolysis are most often glucose, fructose, sorbose, maltose, galactose, etc .; at the end of the cavitation treatment, the mixture enters the collection mixer.

Plant materials, coarse and succulent fodder delivered by automobile, weighing batchers, and then by a conveyor belt, over which magnetic removal of iron parts is carried out, is fed to the coarse forage grinder and then to the mixer. Water is supplied to the mixer, which is mixed with a mixer with vegetable raw materials, coarse or succulent feeds, wetting and soaking them, and after reaching the mobility with the mixture, it is sent to the cavitation dispersant and back to the mixer. As a result of cavitation effects on the resulting mixture, it is crushed, dispersed, the formation of starches from fiber (cellulose) and its partial hydrolysis with the release of sugars. In the process of cavitation dispersion of plant materials of coarse and succulent feeds, weed seeds are destroyed, putrefactive and pathogenic microorganisms are destroyed. Subsequently, the prepared feed mixture is fed to the collection mixer.

The components of liquid feeds that entered the prefabricated mixer in the required proportions, which have been cavitationally processed on their lines, are disinfected, jelly-like, etc., are mixed, and then they are sent by a screw conveyor to the container for storage and delivery of finished liquid feeds for the intended purpose.

Installation for implementing the method of preparation of liquid feed is as follows.

Peat or lignite, brought in by dump truck 1, after grinding to a size of 0-10 mm, is fed by a weight batcher 2 to a conveyor belt 3, and then to a mixer 4. Water and alkalis are fed into the same mixer in the appropriate proportion. The mixture coming from the mixer 4 to the dispersant 5 is subjected to intense dispersion, heating, etc., after all the physicochemical processes are completed and the suspension obtained is heated to 80-90 ° C, commodity humic acids are fed into the tank 19. To obtain humates, to the mixer 4 hydroxides and carbonates of potassium or sodium are added and the dispersant 5 is continued to process the suspension until the humates exit completely, which ends when the suspension is set at a temperature of 80-90 ° C. Visually, the yield of humates is expressed in “thickening” of the mixture. Next, the resulting suspension of humates is either pumped into a commodity tank, or dosed in a prefabricated mixer 20.

To obtain the feed component of the liquid feed, feed grain and grain waste delivered by vehicle 6, weighing batchers 7, and then conveyor 8 are sent to mixer 9. Water is supplied to the same mixer. The turbine of the mixer 9 water, grain and grain processing waste are suspended, and then sent to the dispersant 10 and returned through the pipeline. In the process of cavitation dispersion and the occurrence of physicochemical processes, the mixture is heated rapidly and when it reaches a temperature of 60-80 ° C, it is “gelatinized”. The mixture becomes jelly-like and hydrolysis of starch begins in it, as a result of which sugar is released. The resulting jelly-like suspension is metered into the pre-assembled mixer 20.

To obtain the plant component of liquid feed, plant material, coarse and succulent feed delivered by car 11, dispensers 12, and then the conveyor 13 are sent to the coarse feed chopper 16. Ferrous parts are removed from the feed by magnetic separator 17. Chopped feed is sent to the mixer 14, in which they are wetted and soaked in water supplied to the mixer. After acquiring the mobility of the mixture, it is sent to the dispersant 15, and then returned to the mixer.

In the process of physico-chemical cavitation exposure, coarse fodder is excreted, the mixture is heated, starches are partially released from fiber, some of which are hydrolyzed to sugar.

At the end of the dispersion, the mixture is metered into the prefabricated mixer 20.

All components of the liquid feed received in the collection mixer 20 are thoroughly mixed, and then screw conveyor 21 is sent to the tank for storage and delivery of feed 18.

The resulting liquid feed can be prepared in any combination of components, are environmentally friendly, have increased digestibility, pleasant odors and attractive taste.

The claimed method of preparing liquid feed can be carried out in any animal husbandry. The manufacture of equipment for the implementation of this method can be carried out by any engineering company.

Information sources

1. Patent of Russia No. 2230461 dated 06/20/2004

2. Patent of Russia No. 2230459 dated 06/20/2004

3. Patent of Russia No. 2230460 dated 06/20/2004

4. Patent of Russia No. 2240703 dated November 27, 2004.

5. Patent of Russia №2248720 dated 03/27/2005

6. Patent of Russia No. 2201120 dated 03/27/2003.

7. Patent of Russia No. 2223013 dated 02/10/2004.

8. Patent of Russia No. 2261621 dated 10.10.2005.

9. P.P. Chugaev. Hydraulics. - M.: Energy, Leningrad Branch - 1971, pp. 135-140.

10. L.A. Tsvetkov. Organic chemistry. - 10 cl. M .: Education - 1982, pp. 151-167.

11. A.F. Zipper. Plant feed, production and use. - M .: ACT - Donetsk: Stalker - 2005, p. 2-26, 122-127.

12. The magazine "My Altai" No. 20-21, September - 2004, pp. 36-37.

13. Magazine "Compound feed" No. 5 - 2005, pp. 44-45, 51-52, 54-56.

Claims (2)

1. The method of preparation of liquid feed, including the preparation of humic acids and humates from peat and brown coal, the preparation of animal feed from feed grain and grain processing waste, the preparation of liquid feed from plant materials in the form of coarse and succulent feed, mixing of all components, cooling and delivery as directed characterized in that the preparation of humic acids and humates from peat or brown coal is carried out by means of cavitation dispersion of peat or brown coal in an aqueous solution of alkalis until complete of other acids, followed by the production of humates by adding hydroxides and carbonates of sodium and potassium and cavitation dispersion until the mixture reaches 80-90 ° C, the preparation of feed from feed grain and grain processing waste is carried out by cavitation dispersion in an aqueous solution of feed grain, which is a grain of cereals and legumes, and grain processing waste until the temperature of the mixture reaches 60-80 ° C, at which starches are converted into easily digestible substances, and gelatinization tion of the obtained suspension, and the preparation of liquid feed from plant materials is carried out by cavitation dispersion of plant materials in an aqueous solution until fiber is converted to starch and partially hydrolyzed into sugar. 2. Installation for the preparation of liquid feed, including a line for the preparation of humic acids and humates, a line for the preparation of animal feed from feed grain and grain processing waste and a line for the preparation of liquid feed from plant material in the form of coarse and succulent feeds, characterized in that the line for cooking humic acids and humates contains a weight dispenser, a conveyor belt, a mixer, a cavitation dispersant, containers for commercial humic acids and humates, a feed preparation line contains weight congestion, belt conveyor, mixer, cavitation dispersant for wet grinding of grain, and the line for preparing liquid feed from plant materials contains weighing batchers, belt conveyor, chopper, magnetic iron separator, mixer, cavitation dispersant, in addition, the installation has a prefabricated mixer, screw conveyor and container for storage and delivery of finished feed.