RU2311604C1 - Method for high-speed throwing of bodies and device for its realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of high and superhigh kinetic energies of solids, applicable for study of processes happening at a high-speed collision bodies, collision of meter particles with artificial space objects inclusive.

SUBSTANCE: a through the preliminary acceleration is accomplished by a traditional method of throwing of bodies by powder barrel systems and the additional acceleration up to the superartillery speeds is accomplished by a flow of detonation products of the explosive charge after the escape of the body from the barrel of the powder systems, which are formed to a narrow directed flow catching up the body from its rear side. To realize the method, and explosive device representing a prefabricated construction is produced, a funnel-shaped explosive charge is placed in it. The construction has an axial duct for passage of the through body. The duct is coaxially connected to the powder barrel system with the aid of an adapter. The outer funnel-shaped and the inner tapered casings from the back side are fastened to a cover that has uniformly distributed holes for placement of electric detonators in them. An the front section of the duct there is a through hole normally to its longitudinal section. A wire terminal contactor of the explosive charge blasting circuit is fastened in the hole. The terminal contactor, as well as all the electric detonators (three and more), are parallel-connected to a current source.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of the additional acceleration of the body.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of high energy physics, including high and ultrahigh kinetic energies of solids. It can find application in the creation of installations for studying high-speed impact, including modeling collisions of meteor particles with artificial space objects, as well as accelerating bodies to cosmic speeds and putting them into orbits of Earth satellites and other space objects.

From a wide variety of high-speed throwing methods and devices, the authors chose the combined one - the initial acceleration is carried out using a gunpowder system, and additional acceleration to super-artillery speeds is carried out by detonation products of the explosive charge at the exit of the propelled body from the barrel. The search for a technical solution for developing a method and device for high-speed body throwing was carried out according to the sources of patent and technical information from Russia (USSR), the USA, Germany, France, Great Britain, and the European Patent Community for the period from 1970 to 2003.

An analysis of the above information indicates a fairly wide variety of methods for additional dispersal of bodies (shells, bullets) and devices. These include sources [1, 2, 3, 4, etc.].

The closest analogue of the claimed technical solution (prototype) is the "Muzzle nozzles" according to US patent No. 3880044 from 1975 [1]. According to this patent, a cylindrical adapter is put on the muzzle of the barrel of a firearm, and a pipe made of burning plastic material is fastened to its front part, in which a hollow cylinder of explosive is placed. The cylinder bore is slightly smaller than the diameter of the bore.

According to the authors of the patent, a missile body, moving in a cylinder channel from an explosive having a diameter smaller than the diameter of a missile, excites detonation of the explosive, and detonation products give the body additional acceleration.

The implementation of this method of additional acceleration of the missile body and the device for its implementation is very problematic for the following reasons.

The initiation of explosive detonation due to friction of the surface of the missile body on the inner surface of the cylindrical channel of the explosive charge proceeds in several stages (ignition, accelerated combustion, detonation). Each stage has a specific development time and is random (probabilistic) in nature. The total time from the moment of contact of the body with the explosive charge to detonation has a different (random) value from shot to shot. In this regard, the following cases are possible. If the total time of initiation of detonation is greater than the time of flight of the body in the explosive charge channel, then the detonation products do not have time to catch up with the missile body. If the initiation of detonation of an explosive charge occurs in the tail of the explosive channel, then due to a significantly greater velocity of propagation of detonation of an explosive than the velocity of a body propelled by a firearm (for comparison: the velocity of the projectile from the barrel is about 1000 m / s, the detonation velocity, for example, of TNT is 7000 m / s) the detonation wave will overtake the body being thrown and instead of the body overdrive, the opposite effect will take place. For these reasons, the uncontrolled process of initiating detonation of explosive charge and the absence of a directed flow of detonation products cannot give the desired positive effect.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the speed of throwing previously dispersed to artillery speeds (1000 ... 2000 m / s) of bodies in the barrel powder system to super-artillery speeds (2000 and more meters per second) with a given stability while maintaining integrity, the original shape and direction of flight body.

A comparative analysis of the technical solution with the prototype shows that the claimed technical solution differs from the prototype in that the detonation products for additional acceleration of the body form a concentrated axisymmetric directed flow overtaking the bottom of the body within the channel of the device forming this flow, and the moment of contact of the front of the product flow detonation is synchronized with the moment the body passes the calculated point after exiting the barrel in the channel of the device by achieving equality of times passed by the body from the moment it closes the explosive charge detonation circuit with its nose part to the moment of exposure to the PD flow and the total time, including: the period of operation of the detonators, the induction period of the initiation of detonation of the explosive charge, the time the detonation wave travels along the explosive charge and the time of movement of the front of detonation products from the front cut of the explosive charge to the bottom of the body, and the equality of these times is determined by the mathematical dependence

- время перемещения тела от момента замыкания цепи подрыва до воздействия на его донную часть продуктов детонации (l_m - длина тела от точки контакта с замыкателем до его донной части; u_o - скорость тела на выходе из ствола);Where

- the time of movement of the body from the moment of closure of the blasting circuit to the impact on its bottom of detonation products (l _m is the length of the body from the point of contact with the contactor to its bottom; u _o is the speed of the body at the exit of the trunk);

t _ed - response time of the electric detonator;

t _and - induction period of initiation of detonation of explosive charge;

t _d - travel time of the detonation wave along the explosive charge;

t _pd is the time of motion of the front of detonation products from the front section of the explosive charge to the bottom of the body.

, вершина которого направлена в сторону метания тела, а толщина слоя ВВ составляет 0,5...1,5 калибра ствола, и массу 1,0...10,0 массы тела.The claimed technical solution also has significant differences in that the barrel powder system further comprises a directional flow of detonation products of the explosive charge in the shell associated with the muzzle of the barrel using an adapter, as well as multi-point detonators of explosive charge detonation initiation, a contact circuit breaker and a source electric current, and the explosive charge has a funnel shape with a solution angle

, the apex of which is directed toward the throwing of the body, and the thickness of the explosive layer is 0.5 ... 1.5 caliber of the barrel, and the mass is 1.0 ... 10.0 body mass.

The claimed technical solution is also characterized in that the charge shell is collapsible with an axial channel equal to the diameter of the barrel channel, the outer funnel-shaped and inner conical parts of the shell are fastened from the back with a cover having evenly distributed openings for placement of three or more electric detonators in them and in the front of the shell channel a through hole is made normal to its longitudinal axis, in which the wire end closure of the blasting circuit is fixed, into which it and the sun e electric detonators are connected in a parallel circuit with a current source.

Thus, the claimed method of high-speed throwing bodies and a device for its implementation meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

The purpose of the invention is achieved as follows.

After preliminary acceleration of the body in the barrel of the powder system, additional acceleration of the body outside the barrel is carried out by the formed concentrated axisymmetric directed flow of detonation products. Moreover, the formation of such a flow of detonation products, overtaking the body and giving it additional acceleration, is carried out using a funnel-shaped explosive charge placed in the shell, and detonation in which is initiated by several (3 or more) electric detonators at the moment of undermining of the blast circuit by an end contactor located in the external channel cylindrical part of the shell.

A device for implementing the claimed method of high-speed throwing bodies is shown schematically in the drawing. Position (1) in the drawing indicates the outer funnel-shaped part of the explosive charge shell (pos. 3). The inner conical part of the shell is indicated by (9). The position (4) denotes the lid of the shell fastening its components with screws (8) and studs (7). The cover has openings for placement of electric detonators in them (5). The end closure of the blasting circuit is indicated by (2). The inner conical part of the shell is connected to the barrel of the powder system using an adapter (6). The drawing also shows the wiring diagram of the connection of the detonators and the limit switch in a circuit with a power source (10).

Comparison of the claimed invention with other technical solutions in this field did not reveal signs that distinguish the claimed solution from the prototype, which allows us to claim compliance with the criterion of "inventive step".

Information sources

1. US patent No. 3880044, 1975.

2. German patent No. 1056968.

3. The technique of hypersonic research. Collection. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1985.

4. Ballistic installations. Ed. N.A. Zlotina. - M .: Nauka, 1974.

Claims (5)

1. The method of high-speed body throwing, including preliminary acceleration of the body by the combustion products of the gunpowder of the barrel system and additional acceleration by the detonation products (PD) of the explosive charge (EX) in the channel of the device at the exit of the body from the barrel, characterized in that the detonation products for additional acceleration of the body form in the form of a concentrated axisymmetrically directed flow overtaking the bottom of the body within the channel of the device forming this flow, and the moment of contact of the front of the detonation product stream and synchronize with the bottom surface of the body with the moment the body passes the calculated point after exiting the barrel in the device’s channel by achieving equality of the times the body moves in this channel from the moment it closes the nose of the explosive charge detonation circuit until it is exposed to the PD and the total time, including the response period of detonators, the induction period of initiation of detonation of the explosive charge, the time of passage of the detonation wave along the explosive charge and the time of movement of the front of the detonation products from the front charge cutoff Explosives to the bottom of the body, and the equality of these times is determined by the mathematical dependence

, Where

- the time of movement of the body from the moment of closure of the blast chain to the impact on its bottom of detonation products (l _m is the length of the body from the point of contact with the contactor to its bottom; U ₀ is the speed of the body at the exit of the trunk); t _ed - response time of the electric detonator; t _and - induction period of initiation of detonation of explosive charge; t _d - travel time of the detonation wave along the explosive charge; t _pd is the time of motion of the front of detonation products from the front section of the explosive charge to the bottom of the body. 2. Device for high-speed throwing bodies containing a barrel powder system, characterized in that the barrel powder system further comprises a directed flow of detonation products of explosive charge in the shell associated with the muzzle of the barrel using an adapter, as well as electric detonators for multipoint initiation of detonation of explosive charge , circuit breaker and electric current source. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the explosive charge has a funnel shape with a solution angle

, the top of which is directed toward throwing, and the thickness of the explosive layer is 0.5-1.5 caliber barrel and weight 1.0-10.0 body weight. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the charge shell is collapsible with an axial channel equal to the diameter of the barrel channel, the outer part of the shell is funnel-shaped, and the inside is conical, which are fastened on the back with a lid with evenly distributed openings for placement there are three or more electric detonators in them, and in the front part of the shell a through hole is made normal to its longitudinal axis, in which a wire end switch of the detonation circuit is fixed. 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the end contactor and all electric detonators are connected in parallel with a source of electric current.