RU2306376C2 - Wood-concrete sleeper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood working.

SUBSTANCE: wood-concrete sleeper comprises wood members and concrete members. The wood rod whose diameter is ½ of the height of the sleeper is set in the concrete. The rod is threaded. The depth of the thread is 0.01 of the rod diameter, and the pitch of the thread is 0.1 of the diameter of the rod. Two wood inserts are secured to the rod from above. The rod is provided with rectangular grooves extended throughout the length of the rod. The width of the rod is 0.1 of the rod diameter.

EFFECT: reduced weight, prolonged service life, and reduced cost.

3 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the woodworking industry and can be used in stationary railway tracks.

State of the art

The author knows the design of wooden sleepers according to GOST 78-89, made from solid wood with a diameter of more than 26 cm; it should be noted that due to the shortage of large wood, the volume of production of such sleepers is reduced from year to year, and their cost is constantly increasing, in addition, such sleepers must be treated with a special antiseptic that protects them from rotting and insect damage. The author is aware of the construction of composite wooden sleepers according to TUV-027695-401-89, which are assembled from two wooden blocks, and glued sleepers consisting of separate wooden plates or bars are also known. However, all of these sleepers in their physical properties cannot be used on the main railway tracks and, in addition, they also require impregnation with a special antiseptic.

The author also knows the prototype - reinforced concrete sleepers in accordance with GOST 10629-90, according to which squared concrete sleepers are made, in which, to create preliminary tension in the sleepers, high-strength longitudinal reinforcement wire is pulled before concreting, the ends of the wire are released after concrete has set, and it compresses the concrete. Sleepers are made of heavy concrete of grade 500. The disadvantages of such sleepers are, first of all, the great demand for metal, which sharply increases the cost of sleepers, significant weight, the difficulty of fastening the rail to the sleepers, the need for special insulating materials, the high rigidity of the sleepers, which leads to increased loads on the rolling stock at the moment the wheels pass the joints of the rails and on the turns, difficulties in diagnosing the quality of the sleepers during its operation and culling, the risk of using such sleepers in Talnoye climate where possible its destruction under the wheels of the rolling stock.

Disclosure of invention

In the proposed wood-concrete sleepers, which can be used on stationary railway tracks, it is proposed to insert a round wooden rod with a diameter of 1/2 the height of the sleepers of the corresponding type, on which a screw thread is made with a pitch equal to 1/2 of the diameter of the rod with a cutting depth of 0.01 diameter and a groove width of 0.1 rod diameter. Structurally, two wooden inserts are attached to the wooden rod from the top, which extend onto the upper bed of the sleepers for mounting rail strips on them, and along the longitudinal axis of the rod along its entire length, rectangular grooves are cut with a depth of 0.1 diameter and a width of 0.1 diameter of the rod, while the ratio in concrete and wood sleepers, geometrical sizes are distributed evenly depending on the type of sleepers. The presence of such distinguishing features from the prototype allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution to the problem has significant novelty.

To prove the conformity of wood concrete sleepers to the criterion of significant difference, a comparison was made of the main features with the prototype, reinforced concrete sleepers in accordance with GOST 10629-90. As a result, it was found that wood concrete sleepers are 20% lighter, do not require electrical insulation, have a longer service life, correspond to standard stiffness, softly perceive impacts of a rolling stock of a rolling stock, cheaper at cost.

The technical result, which gives a positive effect in comparison with the prototype, is determined by the properties and indicators given in table 1.

Table 1
Comparison results Properties and other indicators The claimed product Reinforced concrete sleepers prototype in accordance with GOST 10629-90 one 2 3 The relative mass of sleepers 0.8 1,0 The composition of the sleepers Concrete + wooden core Concrete + metal strings The relative rigidity of the sleepers Standard Increased Bearing ratio Concrete - 50% Concrete - 70% Tree - 50% Metal - 30% Support structure Wooden rod d = 1/2 h, screw thread, pitch 1/2 d of the rod, depth 0.01 and width 0.1 of the diameter of the rod, longitudinal grooves rectangular, depth and width of 0.1 diameter of the rod Steel strings with a diameter of 10 to 20 mm Fastening rails to sleepers Crutches to wooden inserts overlooking the upper bed of the sleepers Special clamps and fasteners Relative life 1,2 1,0

An analysis of the data in Table 1 shows that a concrete sleeper can be technically implemented, as it has all the geometric parameters and construction of the constituent elements.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a wooden concrete sleepers, top view, figure 2 shows a section of a wooden concrete sleepers along section AA, figure 3 shows a section of a wooden concrete sleepers along section BB.

The implementation of the invention

Wood concrete sleepers consist of concrete 1, a round wooden rod 2, the diameter of which is 1/2 the height of the sleepers of the corresponding type. On a wooden rod there is a screw thread 3, the step of which is 1/2 of the diameter of the rod, and its depth is 0.01 and the width is 0.1 of the diameter of the rod. Two wooden inserts 4 are attached to the round rod, facing the upper bed of the sleepers for mounting rail gaskets on them. Along the longitudinal axis of the wooden rod, grooves 5 are cut with a depth and width of 0.1 diameter of the rod.

The manufacture of wood-concrete sleepers is carried out in a special matrix, on the bottom of which concrete is laid, then a wooden rod is laid and the matrix is finally filled with concrete. Then the matrix enters the drying unit, where the concrete solidifies finally in a certain mode. Then the sleeper is removed from the matrix and fed to the storage warehouse for its further sale to the consumer.

Wood concrete sleepers are laid on a railway track using standard technology for laying railway ties on ballast of a railway track.

The implementation of wood-concrete sleepers will dramatically reduce the consumption of large-sized timber, which is now spent on the production of solid-rail sleepers, as well as reduce the consumption of expensive metal, which is now required for the manufacture of concrete sleepers. Wood concrete sleepers are much lighter, more convenient to use, have standard rigidity, dampen dynamic impacts of wheelsets of rolling stock well, are durable, and allow to utilize small-sized wood that is not in demand in the markets.

Claims (1)

Wood concrete sleepers for stationary railroad tracks, consisting of wood and concrete, characterized in that a round wooden rod with a diameter is inserted into the concrete

the heights of the sleepers of the corresponding type with screw thread pitch equal to

the diameter of the rod, the depth of cut is 0.01 diameter and the width of the groove is 0.1 diameter of the rod, two wooden inserts are attached to the top of the wooden rod, facing the upper bed of the sleepers for fastening rail strips on them, and along the longitudinal axis of the wooden rod are cut along its entire length rectangular grooves with a depth and width of 0.1 diameter of the rod, while the ratio in the concrete and wood sleepers, depending on the type of sleepers, is distributed equally in geometric dimensions.

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