RU2304660C1 - Sluice - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic structures, namely dams, dykes, sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like, namely sluice with balancing ponds.

SUBSTANCE: sluice comprises lock chamber with gates and balancing pond made as floating block arranged in lock chamber and provided with movement mechanism, which displaces the balancing pond along lock chamber height. The floating block includes three sections. Upper and lower sections are made as air-tight floatation compartments filled with air. Central one is made as hollow vessel connected to lock chamber by means of conduit with shuttle.

EFFECT: simplified structure and operation, as well as decreased material consumption.

12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic structures, in particular to locks with a savings pool.

A gateway with a savings pool is known, comprising a chamber with a gate connected to the savings pool via a water conduit with a shutter, and a water displacing element provided with a drive that moves it through the savings pool. See Denert G. "Gateways and ship elevators", M. 1961, pp. 381-382.

The disadvantage of such a gateway is the presence of a complex cable-block system connecting the water-displacing element with counterweights, and the very large force of its drive.

A gateway with a savings pool is known, comprising a chamber with gates connected to the savings pool by means of a lock conduit and a water-displacing element made in the form of a vertical shield with the possibility of its movement along the bottom of the savings pool and equipped with a drive to which counterweights are attached using a cable block system ; the bottom of the savings pool is curved in the longitudinal direction, SU 552386.

In this gateway, the load on the drive of the water-displacing element is reduced, however, a complex and material-intensive cable-block system is connected that connects the balances to the water-displacing element. The balances themselves and their paths also have a very large material consumption. In addition, the water-displacing element has a complex system of seals with the walls and bottom of the pool, the operability of which must be constantly maintained during the operation of the lock due to their intensive abrasion at significant loads as a result of water pressure.

The objective of the present invention is to simplify the design and operation of the structure, as well as reducing material consumption.

According to the invention, in a lock containing a lock chamber with gates and a savings pool, the savings pool is made in the form of a floating unit located in the lock chamber and provided with a mechanism for moving it in height relative to the lock chamber, the floating block is made of three sections, the upper and lower sections are made in the form of airtight buoyancy air compartments, and the middle section is made in the form of a hollow tank connected to the lock chamber by means of a water conduit with a shutter.

The applicant has not identified any technical solutions identical to those claimed, which allows us to conclude that the invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

As a result of the implementation of the distinguishing features of the invention, the object acquires a new property, consisting in the fact that there is an additional factor due to which the water level in the chamber is reduced. First of all, part of the water from the chamber goes into the middle compartment of the floating unit; but, in addition, since the block rises up, part of the water takes up the place that is freed. The applicant is not aware of any technical solutions in which the savings pool would be able to move vertically, due to which the indicated technical result is achieved, that is, the water from the chamber leaves not only in the savings pool, but also occupies the space freed up as a result of its movement. As a result, the construction and operation of the structure are greatly simplified, which determines, in the applicant's opinion, the invention meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which schematically depict:

figure 1 - gateway in plan;

figure 2 is a section along aa in figure 1, the floating unit in the lower position, the middle section is empty [position aa (1)];

figure 3 is a section along aa in figure 1, the floating unit in the upper position, the middle section is filled with [position aa (2)];

figure 4 - node I in figure 2;

figure 5 is a section along BB in figure 1, the middle section of the floating block is empty, the block in the lower position [position BB (1)];

in Fig.6 is a section along BB in Fig.1, the middle section of the floating unit is filled with water from the lock chamber, the unit is in the lower position [position BB (2)];

Fig.7 is a section along BB in Fig.1, the floating unit with the drive is raised to the upper position, the water level in the lock chamber has additionally decreased [position BB (3)];

in Fig.8 is a section along BB in Fig.1, the floating block in the process of emptying the middle section, the block in the upper position [position BB (4)];

figure 9 is a section along BB in figure 1, the floating unit with the help of the drive is brought to its original lower position, displacing part of the water; the water level in the lock chamber has risen to its original value [position BB (5)];

figure 10 is an option according to which two floating blocks are placed in the lock chamber (plan);

figure 11 is a section along BB in figure 10, the floating blocks in the lower position [position BB (1)];

in Fig.12 is a section along BB in Fig.10, floating blocks in the upper position [position BB (2)].

The gateway contains a lock chamber 1 with a gate 2 from the upstream side (WB) and a gate 3 from the side of the downstream (NB). The savings pool is made in the form of a floating unit 4, which is located in the lock chamber 1. Fixation and movement of the floating block 4 in height relative to the lock chamber 1 is carried out using mechanism 5. In a specific example, this is a screw pair with an electric or hydraulic drive (not shown). In this case, the mechanism 5 consists of two parts (screw pairs), one of them is located on the side of the WB, and the other on the side of the NB. It is also possible execution of the mechanism 5 in the form of a combination of hydraulic cylinders. The floating unit 4 is made of three sections. The upper section 6 and the lower section 7 are sealed buoyancy compartments filled with air. The middle section is made in the form of a hollow tank 8 connected to the chamber 1 by means of a water conduit 9 with a shutter 10. Moving the floating unit 4 relative to the chamber 1 is carried out using guides 11. To release air from the tank 8 when it is filled with water, as well as to prevent the formation of vacuum when emptying the tank 8, it is equipped with aeration pipes 12.

The work of the gateway is as follows. In the initial position (figure 5), gates 2 and 3 are closed, chamber 1 is filled to the level of the upper pool (UVB). The floating unit 4 is in the lower position, the container 8 is empty, the shutter 10 overlaps the conduit 9. To reduce the water level in the chamber 1, the shutter 10 is opened (Fig.6), and part of the volume of water from the chamber 1 by gravity fills the tank 8 (Fig.6) . The air from the tank 8 thus exits through the aeration pipe 12 into the atmosphere. The position of the floating unit 4 is fixed by the mechanism 5. In the next stage of emptying the chamber 1 (Fig.7) with the help of the shutter 10, the water conduit 9 is closed and the floating unit 4 is moved up by the actuator 5. In this case, the drive 5 practically only ensures smooth movement, since, thanks to the buoyancy compartments 6 and 7, the drive 5 is unloaded, and the block 4 in any case has positive buoyancy. After the rise (ascent) of the floating unit 4 to the vacant space underneath, an additional volume of water flows from the chamber 1 (Fig. 7). In chamber 1, the water level is set corresponding to the water level in the downstream (UNB). Then gate 3 is opened, and the ship proceeding from the WB (not shown) leaves the lock in the NB. A vessel proceeding from the National Bank to the World Bank enters the vacant seat. After that, the gate 3 is closed and the chamber 1 is filled. At the first stage (Fig. 8), the shutter 10 is opened, and water from the tank 8 enters the chamber 1 through the water conduit. In this case, air enters through the pipe 12 into the chamber 1. After the tank 8 is completely empty, the shutter 10 is closed and the floating unit is moved using the actuator 5 to the lower position (Fig. 9). At the same time, the water level in chamber 1 rises to UVB, the gate 2 is opened, and the ship enters the upper pool. The gateway is ready to repeat the cycle, while ensuring almost complete water conservation.

It is possible to place in the lock chamber and two or more floating blocks (figure 10, 11, 12). It is possible to combine a savings pool in the form of a floating unit with a stationary savings pool.

Thanks to the implementation of the invention, the design and operation of the structure is greatly simplified, its material consumption is reduced in comparison with the prototype. This is due to the fact that a complex and material-intensive cable-block system, counterweights and their supporting and running parts, as well as a complex and wear-out system of seals of a water-displacing element with walls and a bottom of a savings pool, are excluded.

Claims (1)

A lock containing a lock chamber with gates and a savings pool, characterized in that the savings pool is made in the form of a floating unit located in the lock chamber and equipped with a mechanism for moving it in height relative to the lock chamber, while the floating block is made of three sections, the upper and lower sections are made in the form of airtight buoyancy compartments, and the middle section is made in the form of a hollow tank connected to the lock chamber by means of a water conduit with a shutter.

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