RU2298945C2 - Nutritive diet correcting microbiocenosis of gastrointestinal tract in productive or domestic animals and method for increasing their productivity - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, animal science.

SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with feeding productive or domestic animals. The suggested diet consists of the main diet supplemented with a biologically active additive to feedstuff - BAA. BAA is being a biologically active fodder additive - BAFA and it should be added in efficient quantity for the present type of productive or domestic animals per 1 kg body weight. BAFA is being a prebiotic additive that has the action leading to intestinal microbiocenosis correction, that of digestion and metabolism. Initial raw material for the carrier of microbial bodies is the bran of grain varieties. They area treated so that they are being the residues of cytoskeleton of cellular membranes of grain varieties obtained due to their disintegration. As microbial bodies one should apply the biomass Saccharomyces vini, biotransformed inorganic substances - the rest. The method for increasing productivity deals with the fact that the main diet should be supplemented with an additive depending upon the type, subtype of productive or domestic animals; moreover, one should detect the value of productivity which should be improved. Based upon universal value, for example, body weight, it is necessary to determine the diet consisting of standard diet for this particular type, subtype of productive or domestic animals and prebiotic fodder additive in efficient quantity per 1 kg body weight; one should correct the universal value based upon screening one, in accordance with the task for improving one of the values of productivity, for this purpose one should correct the achieved screening value of productivity due to N-fold increase of additive's weight per kg body weight at a pace being not less than 0.5 g, one should prescribe the weight of daily additive, divide it into several feedings, but not less than two daily to control productivity. Application of the present method enables to improve nutritive diet for productive and domestic animals.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

8 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of animal husbandry, feeding agricultural and domestic animals, poultry farming, raising fur animals, horses, cows, calves, pigs and the like productive animals. As well as pets - cats, dogs and others.

The invention is known "Feed additive" Kisolan ", patent RU No. 2211578 from 2002.03.01, publ. 2003.09.10, IPC A23K 1/08, A23K 1/16, which use additives based on condensed milk whey, which is effective in feeding to cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, pets and poultry, however, is a probiotic, not a prebiotic and it should not be used constantly, but only at certain periods. In addition, it is necessary to apply a complex diet scheme. In addition, this supplement does not use Saccharomyces vini.

The invention is known "Stable compositions containing transgenic plant material", application RU No. 97113035 from 1995.11.07, publ. 1999.07.20, IPC A23K 1/14, A23K 1/165, C12N 15/05, which is used in the diet to improve animal growth. The additive consists of a combination of components-microorganisms, sealed in stearic acid, ensures the release of microorganisms in the intestine only at the right time without their preliminary release. However, living bacteria are used in the proposed diet, in addition, the method of their digestibility is mechanical, unnatural, which puts animals at risk of overdoses and allergies. In addition, Saccharomyces vini is not used in the proposed diet. The additive is transgenic, which excludes its environmental friendliness.

The closest technical solution to the proposed diet is the invention "A way to increase the productivity of farm animals and improve product quality", application RU 2002111437 from 2002.04.30, publ. 2004.06.20, IPC A23K 1/165, A61K 35/74, in which a probiotic preparation containing live lactic acid bacteria is included in the diet. This diet allows you to increase animal productivity and improve product quality. However, it is a probiotic and does not have the ability to correct the digestive tract microbiocenosis as a whole.,. In addition, Saccharomyces vini is not used in the proposed diet.

The main objective of the proposed diet is to improve the diet by adding an environmentally friendly feed additive that allows you to qualitatively change the microbiocenosis of the animal’s body, which leads to an improvement in all biological indicators of the animal’s body by regulating the microbiocene by including the additive in the diet and improving digestion, bioavailability due to this bioadditive to the main diet. In addition, there is a need for a biologically active animal food supplement that would have a morphokinetic effect through correction of the microbiocenosis system, thereby regulating the functional activity of organs and tissues. It is important that the supplement is inexpensive and easy to use. The diet is designed taking into account the characteristics of species, subspecies of productive and domestic animals. The division into species, subspecies is carried out in accordance with the accepted classification. The terms species, subspecies - in accordance with the definition of the Big Medical Encyclopedia. / Ed. Academician B.V. Petrovsky, from. third, Soviet Encyclopedia, M., 1976, volume 4, p. 192.

Due to this, the technical result of the proposed diet is achieved, consisting in a shorter cycle of industrial production with improved or stable species and subspecies characteristics of animals. The problem is solved by a nutritious diet that corrects the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract of productive or domestic animals, which consists of the main diet, which is supplemented with a biologically active food supplement - dietary supplement, for animals it is always a feed supplement, i.e. BAFA, and it is added in an amount of 0.5 to an effective amount per 1 kg of body weight, depending on the species, subspecies of productive or domestic animals, moreover, BAFA is a prebiotic supplement "zoobicor", which has an effect leading to the correction of gastrointestinal microbiocenosis intestinal tract (intestines), digestion, metabolism, and in which the raw materials for the carrier of microbial bodies are bran cereals, processed in such a way that they are the remains of the cytoskeleton of the cell membranes of cereal cults p formed by their disintegration in microbial bodies is taken as biomass Saccharomyces vini. One of the strains of this biomass can be VKPM U-511 of the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae (vini). The rest is biotransformed inorganic substances. A nutritious diet, for example, for fur animals, consists in adding BACA in an amount of 0.5 g to 5 g per 1 kg of live body weight in the daily diet, depending on the subspecies of the animal.

Determining the diet of a particular type of animal, for example cattle, horses, as well as fur animals, birds, and small productive cattle, as well as domestic animals, for example cats and dogs, initially they determine their specific, subspecies universal characteristics that should be to improve. For example, before prescribing the main diet and dose, the additives to it are determined for cattle - its characteristics for lean and live weight, calving, milk yield and others. For fur animals, for example, by weight of the body (which affects the size of the skin), by the quality of the fur (wool and undercoat), by the quality of the skin (affects the quality of the mezra), by calving or fertility. For poultry - by egg production, by body weight, by component composition of the body, by chick survival, by the quality of the eggshell (their preservation during sale), etc. All these indicators are called productive indicators.

Known methods of increasing productivity, which are mainly based on the desire to balance the diet in relation to proteins, fats, carbohydrates, trace elements and vitamins. Probiotics, including lactobacilli, are often used to increase productivity.

The invention is known "Method of feeding animals and birds", patent RU 2159558 from 1999.03.29, publ. 2000.11.27, IPC A23K 1/16, which provides for the introduction into the main diet of animals and birds of a biologically active additive, which is used as a picture. This method is used in agriculture for feeding farm animals, fur animals (minks), poultry, which helped to increase their productivity, weight gain, growth, improved metabolism, positively influenced the absorption of nutrients in the diet. However, using this method, microbiocenosis cannot be regulated, kartin does not take on such functions as enzymatic hydrolysis of feed, control of the process of absorption of hydrolysis products, stimulation of the production of additional biologically active substances (antibiotics, vitamins, etc.) in the animal’s body by the microbiocenosis. And therefore, does not lead to a decrease in the industrial production cycle with improved or stable species, subspecies characteristics of animals.

The invention is known "Stimulator of the gain in live weight of young cattle fattening", patent RU 2168301 from 1999.10.06, publ. 2000.02.27, IPC A23K 1/00, which is used as a ferrocyanide-containing preparation "Bitezh". This supplement is used as a stimulant for the gain in live weight of young cattle, and therefore, its use is very limited. And, in addition, its effect on the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract is not known.

The invention is known "A method of increasing the productivity of farm animals and improving product quality", patent RU 2229827 from 2002.04.30, publ. 2004.06.10, IPC A23K 1/165, A61K 35/74, which increases the productivity of farm animals and improves product quality by introducing into the diet a probiotic preparation made on the basis of a recombinant strain of Lactobacillus. However, this method uses living microorganisms, which does not provide the ability to deliver to the body only the strain that is needed for this body. Only a related strain is introduced into the animal’s body, which in turn can increase the antigenic load on the body.

Closest to the proposed method of increasing the productivity of farm and domestic animals is the invention "Method of feeding farm animals", application RU 2002133911 from 2002.12.16, publ. 2003.08.20, IPC A23K 1/165, which includes a method for feeding farm animals with waste from the production of microbiological preparations, where “Fugat” is used as a feed additive — a technological product — waste generated during the production of a probiotic from bacilli — Biosporin. However, when implementing this method, it is necessary to use a complex scheme for applying the diet. A shorter industrial production cycle with improved or stable group characteristics of animals for the entire spectrum of indicators and for a wide range of animal species is not achieved. In addition, a probiotic is used instead of a prebiotic.

Currently, it is necessary to increase the productivity of farm animals and improve the characteristics of domestic animals through an environmentally friendly diet that corrects the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract of animals. When using probiotics, an adequate improvement in the functioning of the microbiocenosis of the animal itself is not achieved. Microbiocenosis provides and controls enzymatic hydrolysis so that the process of absorption of hydrolysis products is adequate. In addition, microbiocenosis produces essential amino acids, vitamins and other substances that are lacking in the body, and disintegrates harmful substances. That is, microbiocenosis provides, taking into account the information received from the body, the necessary assistance in the process of assimilation of food, suppression of pathogenic flora, sorption of harmful substances without removing useful substances from the body.

Such effects can be achieved only with the help of prebiotics that do not contain living, foreign microorganisms, but they stimulate the growth of their own microflora and suppress the pathogenic flora. The technical result of the use of prebiotics in the diet is a shorter cycle of industrial production with improved or stable species, subspecies characteristics of animals. The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of increasing productivity, a prebiotic feed additive is introduced into the main diet. The method consists in introducing a feed additive into the main diet depending on the species, subspecies of productive or domestic animals, setting a goal in terms of productivity, on the basis of a universal indicator, for example live body weight, determining a diet consisting of a prebiotic supplement and a standard one, in in accordance with GOSTs, the diet of this species, and the group of productive or domestic animals, in an effective amount per 1 kg of live body weight, adjust the universal indicator based on a screening indicator, for example, heme globin or total protein, in accordance with the goal to improve one of the indicators of productivity, for which the achieved screening indicator of productivity is adjusted by N-times increasing the weight of the supplement per kg of body weight in increments of at least 0.5 g, the weight of the daily supplement is prescribed, divided into several feedings, but not less than two per day, control productivity by an integral indicator, for example, survival rate or term of readiness for slaughter. Moreover, for productive or domestic animals, the BAFA feed additive is administered in an amount of not less than 0.5 g and not more than 10 g per 1 kg of live body weight, depending on the species, subspecies of the animal. For example, when implementing the proposed method for protective animals, such as cows, calves, horses, pigs, an effective amount of BAFA feed additive is taken in an amount of 0.5 to 10 g per 1 kg of live body weight, depending on the species, subspecies of the animal. For example, for fur animals, an effective amount of a BAFA feed additive is taken in an amount of 0.5 to 5 g per 1 kg of live body weight, depending on the subspecies of the animal.

The proposed method is implemented as follows.

It is known that the correction of microbiocenosis is manifested in the following characteristics of the state of the body:

1. In the universal indicator, which is, for example, body weight. This indicator manifests itself as a resulting indicator and characterizes, for example, an increase in lean body mass, an increase in live weight, an improvement in the ratio of muscle mass to fatty tissues, etc.

The improvement of these characteristics is achieved by adding zoobicore to the standard, in accordance with GOST, animal ration at least 2 times a day in the amount of n g / per 1 kg of body weight. Where n is the minimum, effective, quantitative value of the additive. A universal indicator is a quantitative characteristic of productivity improvement and is expressed, for example, in an increase in body weight. It depends on - the intensity of growth, digestibility of feed, the time to reach maturity (i.e. readiness for slaughter).

In this regard, universal indicators are dose-dependent indicators with a directly proportional dependence in a given interval. This interval is determined by the set interval for one of the set productivity indicators (Y axis) and the interval of n values - the minimum effective amount for a specific group of animals (X axis). Where n = from 0.5 g per 1 kg of body weight to an effective amount. Depending on the dose of the additive, sequential weight gain of the additive is regulated in increments of K = 0.5 g / per 1 kg of body weight.

Thanks to this, productivity indicators such as wool quality, fecundity, egg production, milk production, exterior, endurance, etc. are achieved.

2. Screening indicator, ie the predictive parameter is, for example, hemoglobin or the level of total protein, which carry the estimated information (i.e., appear as witnesses), allowing to predict the receipt of the result by the universal parameter. Both hemoglobin and the level of total protein are non-independent parameters characterizing the occurrence of such favorable processes as the suppression of pathogenic microflora in the intestine, the presence of a sorbing effect on substances harmful to the body and the absence of this sorbing effect on substances useful to the body, normalization of maligestion and malabsorption. These effects make it possible to optimize the intestinal microbiocenosis as a whole, which in turn significantly improves feed digestibility.

Based on this indicator, it is possible to adjust the additive to achieve specified performance indicators and, based on the forecast, assign the most optimal dose in the diet of a particular animal species, i.e. the required amount of supplement to achieve the optimal ratio, for example muscle mass to fatty tissues. And with the help of these indicators, by assigning the optimal dose of the additive to the diet, in the required cases, the maximum increase in body weight, the improvement of the quality of the wool according to the required indicator, etc., are achieved, depending on the productivity indicator that needs to be maximized.

For example, control of hemoglobin characteristics allows you to achieve: a) guaranteed receipt of a universal indicator, b) balance by the maximum number of universal indicators, c) optimization of all microbiocenosis characteristics at maximum dynamics according to a given indicator, i.e. to increase productivity precisely for a given indicator, d) optimization of all characteristics of microbiocenosis, i.e. increase in total productivity throughout active longevity.

Screening indicators are dose-dependent indicators with trigonometric dependence in a given interval. For example, the hemoglobin index will be optimal near the average value of the interval of the reference norm, characterizing the norm for hemoglobin or the level of total protein. This dependence of the screening indicator is manifested in the interval, which is determined by the set interval of the reference norm for the considered screening indicator (Y axis) and the interval of n values - the minimum effective amount for a particular group of animals (along the X axis). Where n = from 0.5 g per 1 kg of body weight to an effective amount, for example, for fur animals it is 2-5 g per 1 kg of body weight. (See FIG. 2e). And accordingly, depending on the dose of the additive and on the required indicator, for example, hemoglobin, sequential weight gain of the additive is regulated within the reference norm in increments of K = 0.5 g / per 1 kg of body weight. Thus, screening indicators allow us to predict the achievement of the required universal indicator.

3. An integral indicator is, for example, survival. It manifests itself through: an increase in active longevity, a decrease in the time until the animal is ready for slaughter, a decrease in mortality, survival of offspring, and an increase in resistance to infections, which is ultimately characterized by a reduction in the production cycle for animals.

Survival is an indicator that depends on the result of exposure to multifactorial conditions, it characterizes the resistance of the body, the balance of the body systems, is assessed by the main indicator - colonization resistance (evaluated in terms of balanced microbiocenosis), which limits the multifactorial effects on the body and ensures survival.

Survival is a dose-dependent indicator with an asymptotic dependence. Where the asymptote is a 100% survival rate under traditionally existing regimes of keeping animals. Moreover, due to the multifactorial effect on this indicator, the absence of a decrease in the survival rate with a new diet designated to increase productivity, all other things being equal, shows that the diet does not have a harmful effect on the body systems as a whole. And an increase in this integral indicator confirms the beneficial effect of the prescribed diet on all systems of the body as a whole, and not only on the achieved productivity indicator, i.e. universal indicator. Thus, the integral indicator is a control one, allowing one to determine that with an increase in productivity the general balance of the animal body systems is not disturbed.

The proposed method is illustrated by the following graphs:

Figure 1, a, b, c d, e shows the dynamics of an increase in productivity indicator - live body weight for the Arctic fox, ferret, mink, raccoon, respectively, and the nature of the dependence of the indicator on the dose of the additive.

Figure 2, a, b, c, d, e shows the dynamics of hemoglobin increase with increasing body weight for the Arctic fox, ferret, mink, raccoon, respectively, and the nature of the dependence of the indicator on the dose of the additive.

The table illustrates the percentage of survival in the control groups and experimental groups.

Accordingly, the control and experimental groups of Arctic foxes, ferrets, minks and raccoons were added from the main diet to the first experimental group, 1 gram of zoobicore per 1 kg of live weight, and to the second, 2 g per 1 kg of live weight.

The number of animals before the introduction of the diet The number of animals after the introduction of the diet Survival,% of the total Arctic fox - control group 336 336 100.0 Arctic fox - 1 experimental group 336 336 100.0 Arctic fox - 2 experimental group 336 336 100.0 ferret - control group 280 258 92.1 ferret - 1 experimental group 250 240 96.0 ferret - 2 experimental group 295 286 96.9 mink - control group 430 421 97.9 mink - 1 experimental group 430 426 99.1 mink - 2 experimental group 430 429 99.8 Raccoon - control group 300 279 93.0 Raccoon - 1 experimental group 300 293 97.6 Raccoon - 2 experimental group 300 297 98.9

The method is as follows.

Example. Three groups of animals of the same species, for example, fur animals, were identified. Each triad of groups involved Arctic foxes, ferrets, minks, raccoons.

For each triad of groups, one was selected, which is the control group, and the other two were experimental groups.

They determined that the productivity of fur animals should be increased - the quality of the fur.

The diet was determined in the form of the main feed and the “zoobicore” additive, with 1 g of the additive for each kg of live weight in the 1st experimental group and 2 g of the additive for 1 kg of live weight in the 2nd experimental group.

As a universal indicator characterizing the quality of the fur, we chose the indicator value of live body weight.

The hemoglobin index was selected as a screening indicator.

The indicators for body weight and hemoglobin in the control group and experimental groups did not differ before the start of the experiment.

From the graphs for each group of animals it can be seen that:

- for arctic foxes - at a dose of 1 and 2 g per 1 kg of body weight, respectively, the optimal hemoglobin index has not been achieved. Therefore, the dose of the additive should be increased. At the same time, survival in the groups remained the same as in the control - 100%. Since survival has not decreased, we conclude that the prescribed dose does not adversely affect the balance of all systems of the body as a whole;

- for ferrets - at a dose of 1 g per 1 kg of live body weight - the optimal hemoglobin index was achieved. At a dose of 2 g per 1 kg of body weight - hemoglobin began to decrease with the growth of the universal indicator - body weight. Therefore, the optimal dose of the supplement is between 1 and 2 g per 1 kg of live body weight. At the same time, survival increased from 92.1% to 96.0% and 96.9%, respectively (see table). Therefore, the additive has a positive effect on the adjustment of the work of all body systems;

- for minks - at a dose of 1 and 2 g per 1 kg of body weight, respectively, the optimal hemoglobin index has not been achieved. Therefore, the dose of the additive should be increased. However, the growth of hemoglobin is reduced, therefore, the achievement of an optimal screening indicator should be expected with an increase in the weight of the additive in the range from 2 g to 3 g per 1 kg of body weight. At the same time, survival increased from 97.9% to 99.1% and 99.8%, respectively (see table). Therefore, the additive has a positive effect on the adjustment of the work of all body systems;

- for raccoons - at a dose of 1 and 2 g per 1 kg of body weight, respectively, the optimal hemoglobin index has not been achieved. Therefore, the dose of the supplement should be increased. However, the growth of hemoglobin is reduced, therefore, the achievement of an optimal screening indicator should be expected with an increase in the weight of the additive in the range from 2 g to 3 g per 1 kg of body weight. At the same time, survival in groups increased from 93.0% to 97.6% and 98.9%, compared with the control group. Since survival has increased, we conclude that the prescribed dose does not adversely affect the balance of all body systems in general.

At the same time, all experimental groups of fur-bearing animals reached readiness for slaughter in terms of wool quality faster.

Thus, the result of increasing the productivity indicator based on the analysis of universal, screening and integral indicators is achieved when the required fur quality is achieved in a shorter period and in a larger number of productive animals.

Claims (8)

1. A nutritious diet that corrects the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract of productive or domestic animals, consisting of the main diet, to which a biologically active feed additive is added - BAA, characterized in that the dietary supplement is a biologically active feed additive - BAFA and it is added in an effective amount per 1 kg of live body weight, but not less than 0.5 g, depending on the species, subspecies of productive or domestic animals, moreover, BACD is a prebiotic supplement that has an effect leading to the correction of microbio enosis of the gastrointestinal tract, digestion, metabolism, and in it the raw material for the carrier of microbial bodies are bran cereals, processed in such a way that they are the remains of the cytoskeleton of the cell membranes of cereals formed from their disintegration, as microbial bodies taken Saccharomyces vini biomass, the rest is biotransformed inorganic substances. 2. The nutritional diet according to claim 1, characterized in that the biomass of the VKPM strain U-511, a species of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (vini), is taken as a microbial body for BAFA. 3. The nutritional diet according to claim 1, characterized in that in the daily diet for fur animals add BACA in an amount of from 0.5 g to 5 g per 1 kg of live body weight, depending on the subspecies of the animal. 4. A way to increase the productivity of productive or domestic animals, including the introduction of a feed additive in the main diet, characterized in that, depending on the species, subspecies of productive or domestic animals, productivity indicators are determined which should be improved, based on a universal indicator, a diet consisting of standard, in accordance with GOST, diet for a given species, a subspecies of productive or domestic animals, and a prebiotic feed additive, which has an effect leading to correction of m gastrointestinal tract gastrointestinal tract, digestion, metabolism, and in which the raw materials for the microbial carrier are bran cereals, processed in such a way that they are the remains of the cytoskeleton of the cell membranes of cereals formed from their disintegration, taken as microbial bodies Saccharomyces vini biomass, the rest is biotransformed in an effective amount per 1 kg of body weight, the universal indicator is adjusted based on the screening indicator selected in In accordance with the goal to improve one of the productivity indicators, for which the achieved screening productivity indicator is corrected by N-times increasing the weight of the supplement by 1 kg of body weight in steps of at least 0.5 g, the weight of the daily supplement is prescribed, it is divided into several feedings, but at least two per day and control productivity by an integral indicator, and for productive or domestic animals, the BAFA feed additive is administered in an amount of not less than 0.5 g, and not more than 10 g per 1 kg of live body weight, depending and from the species, subspecies of the animal. 5. A method of increasing the productivity of productive or domestic animals according to claim 4, characterized in that live weight is taken as a universal indicator. 6. A method of increasing the productivity of productive or domestic animals according to claim 4, characterized in that the level of hemoglobin or total protein is taken as a screening indicator. 7. A method of increasing the productivity of productive or domestic animals according to claim 4, characterized in that, as an integral indicator, take survival or the term of readiness for slaughter or fertility. 8. The method of increasing the productivity of productive or domestic animals according to claim 4, characterized in that for fur animals take an effective amount of a BAFA feed additive in an amount of from 0.5 to 5 g per 1 kg of live body weight, depending on the subspecies of the animal.

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