RU2748507C1 - Method for application of active coal forage additive in rabbit breeding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture and concerns the use of an active coal feed additive for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases of farm animals. The method for using active coal feed supplement for rabbits consists in the fact that an active coal feed supplement is introduced into the diet of animals at a dose of 0.08% by weight of feed.

EFFECT: invention provides an increase in the live weight of animals, while the costs per 1 kg of live weight gain are reduced, the slaughter yield increases and the profitability of raising rabbits for meat increases.

1 cl, 8 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and concerns the use of an active coal feed additive for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases of farm animals.

One of the effective ways to increase the adaptive capabilities of the animal organism is the optimization and stimulation of physiological functions with the use of biologically active substances and their complexes as biocorrectors of various parts of the digestive and metabolic processes [Ernst, LK, Zinovieva NA. Biotechnology in animal husbandry / Moscow. 2008 .-- 510 p. (one)]. Based on the available knowledge about the patterns and characteristics of the digestive and metabolic processes in the body of ruminants, it was revealed that the imbalance of diets, an increase in the proportion of concentrates in them cause disturbances in pregastric digestion, and a decrease in the digestive and absorbing capacity of the digestive tract [Aliev A.A. Metabolism in ruminants / M .: NITs Engineer, 1997.420 p. (2)]. Also, in the practice of modern animal husbandry, it is allowed to use diets unbalanced in basic nutrients, feeding poor-quality and contaminated feeds with substances of various origins, carrying anti-nutritional substances mycotoxins, xenobiotics, pesticides, nitrates, dioxins, etc., [Romanov V.N., Bogolyubova N.V., Chabaev M.G., Nekrasov R.V., Devyatkin V.A., Laptev G.Yu., Novikova N.I., Ilyina L.A., Nikonov I.N. Optimization of digestive, metabolic processes and liver functions in dairy cattle: monograph / Dubrovitsy. 2015, 152 p. (3)].

The incidence of gastrointestinal dyspepsia in farm animals reaches 60-90%. This is due, first of all, to the violation of the technology of keeping and feeding animals, as well as the imperfection of the natural protection of their body to the effects of unfavorable environmental factors. Gastrointestinal diseases cause enormous damage to livestock due to high morbidity and mortality, the cost of medical measures, a decrease in the productive qualities and breeding value of animals.

Relevant is the direction of work on the creation of highly effective feed additives metabolic and immunological profile of action, including amino acids, vitamins, enzymes, pre- and probiotic drugs, xenobiotic adsorbents [Tremasova A.M. Pharmaco-toxicological substantiation of the use of the natural mineral shungite and preparations based on it, nanosorbents polysorbin and polysorb in veterinary medicine / Diss. for the degree of Doctor of Biol. nauk / Kazan, 2014.351 p. (four)].

In animal husbandry, for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, as well as neutralization of xenobiotics and mycotoxins, various types of sorbents are used (clay materials, zeolites, verminites, bentonites and various polymeric substances) [Belkin B.L. Influence of Khotynets natural zeolites on physiological functions, immunological parameters and productivity of animals and poultry // Materials of the international scientific and practical conference / Actual problems of veterinary medicine: Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy. Ulyanovsk, 2003. (5); Kuznetsov S.G. The use of natural zeolites in animal husbandry. Survey information of NIITET. M .: Agroprom, 1994.S. 31-32. (6)]. When feeding natural sorbents, the body's resistance increases, and the body's live weight gains. They prevent gastrointestinal disorders in animals.

Of particular interest is the use of activated carbon for the prevention and treatment of poisoning of farm animals with mycotoxins and other harmful substances. Studies have found that feeding activated carbon to cows at a dose of 2.5 g / kg of dry matter of the diet increases milk yield by 4.0%, allows you to receive an additional 6.9 kg of milk fat and 7.6 kg of milk protein lactation. The introduction of activated carbon into the diets of cows (2.5 g / kg of dry matter of the diet) contributed to a decrease in the level of content in milk: Cu - by 52.5%; Pb by 64.4% and Cl by 69.2% and in cheese - Cu - by 58.2%; Pb - by 83.0% and Cl - by 85.1% [Tsutsieva A.U., Teziev T.K., Kebekov M.E. Feeding activated carbon to cows as a sorbent to reduce HM in milk / Materials of reports. Int. scientific and practical. conf. "Environmentally friendly technologies in agricultural production of the 21st century." Vladikavkaz, 2000. S 518. (7].

The aim of the present invention is to develop a method for using an active coal feed additive for rabbits, which consists in introducing an active coal feed additive into the diet of animals at a dose of 0.08% by weight of feed.

Active carbon feed additive (AUCD) is made from fine-graded active charcoal. In appearance it is black grains without mechanical impurities. The drug has a high adsorption capacity against mycotoxins and other harmful substances. Contains significant amounts of macro- and microelements in an accessible form for pets. The additive is fully compatible with all feed components, thermostable at 120 ° C. Active carbon feed additive has a selective adsorption effect, which allows you to maintain the activity of vitamins, minerals and other ingredients in the feed and intestines [Active carbon feed additive. Specifications, 2014 Nizhny Novgorod (8)].

The production experience was carried out in the production conditions of the peasant farm Derenchenko A.V. Krasnodar Territory. Four groups (three experimental and one control) of 14 rabbits in each breed of a white giant, at the age of 40 days, were selected for research. An equalization period was carried out for 20 days. The experiment lasted from 60 to 120 days of age of young animals, according to the Guidelines for conducting scientific and economic experiments on feeding fur-bearing animals / Ed. ON THE. Balakirev and V.K. Yudin. - M. - 1994, 31 p. Animals of all groups were kept under the same conditions.

At the end of the experiment at the age of 120 days, the animals were slaughtered in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7686-88. Slaughter at this age is the most profitable from an economic point of view, since subsequently the daily increase in the rabbit's live weight decreases.

The first group of animals received a diet without additives. The second, in the composition of the compound feed, was fed with AUKD in an amount of 0.06%, by weight of the feed. The third group received 0.08% AUCD by weight of feed. The fourth group of rabbits received food with AUCD in an amount of 0.1%, by weight of food.

The main diet: granulated feed for rabbits - 80%, meadow hay - 20%. Feeding was carried out ad libitum.

During the period of the experiment, the feed costs and the dynamics of average daily gains were taken into account. The physiological state of the rabbits was monitored. The composition of compound feed for rabbits is presented in table 1.

In the second growing period (91-120 days), the amount of grass meal in the compound feed for rabbits contained 20% more than in the first period of the experiment (40-90 days). The content of wheat dough was 45% higher, in comparison with compound feed in the first period, the content of corn decreased by 44.5%, sunflower meal and fodder yeast by 46.2 and 50.0%, respectively.

The nutritional value of feed mixtures for rabbits corresponded to the recommended norms and met the needs of the animals. The nutritional value of granulated feed is presented in table. 2.

The results of periodic individual weighing are presented in table. 3.

From the data we obtained, it can be seen that on the 40th day of rearing, the live weight of fur-bearing animals in the experimental groups was practically the same in comparison with the control analogs. Weighing the rabbits at 60 days revealed a tendency to increase the live weight in the animals of the experimental groups, in comparison with the control.

At the age of 90 days, the tendency to an increase in live weight in the experimental groups remained. This indicator in the experimental groups, in relation to the control, was higher by 0.9-2.4%, in the groups, respectively.

The most striking tendency to increase the live weight of animals was observed at 120 days in the third group - by 3.1% higher in relation to the weight of control animals. In the second and fourth groups, the tendency to an increase in live weight remained and was 1.8 and 2.0% higher in comparison with similar animals in the control group.

During the growing period from 40 to 60 days, the gross growth of animals 2, 3 and 4 of the experimental groups was higher than the control by 3.4, 6.8 and 8.8%, according to the groups, respectively.

In the subsequent period (61-90 days), the difference in the gross growth of the experimental groups, relative to the control, was less pronounced and was higher by 0.3 and 3.0% in groups 2 and 3, respectively. In group 4, this indicator was practically on the same level with the control.

Calculations of the gross increase in the live weight of rabbits in the period from 91 to 120 days of rearing showed that in the experimental groups this indicator was higher than the control by 4.1, 4.9 and 1.7%, in groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively.

The data on the gross increase in live weight made it possible to calculate the average daily gain in the live weight of fur-bearing animals (Table 5).

Feeding the studied feed additive to experimental animals, during the period of 40-60 days of rearing, contributed to an increase in the level of their average daily gain in live weight by 3.5, 7.0 and 8.8% in the second, third and fourth groups, respectively.

In the subsequent growing period (61-90 days), the level of average daily gains in the control, second and fourth groups of animals were at the same level - 15.9 g / day. The indicator of the third group was 2.5% higher than the control.

In the period from 91 to 120 days of rearing, animals of the 2,3 and 4 experimental groups exceeded the control ones in terms of average daily weight gain by 4.1, 4.9 and 1.6%, respectively.

In general, for the entire period of the experiment (40-120 days) the second, third and fourth groups exceeded the control in terms of average daily gains in live weight by 2.7, 2.8 and 2.7 times, respectively.

Over the entire period of the experiment, the safety of rabbits in all groups was 100%, which indicates a good zootechnical background and a good physiological state of the livestock.

The data on the gross increase in live weight of animals and the accounting of the consumed feed made it possible to calculate the cost of feed per 1 kg of increase in the live weight of rabbits (Table 6).

Analysis of the table allows us to say that the experimental rabbits consumed the same amount of food during the period of the experiment. However, due to the fact that the experimental animals had a large live weight, feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain in groups 2, 3 and 4 were 3.3, 5.4 and 3.3%, respectively, lower than in control.

At the end of the experiment, a control slaughter of animals was carried out in order to study the slaughter parameters and the morphological composition of carcasses (Table 7).

The data obtained indicate an increase in the slaughter yield by 0.8, 1.0 and 0.9%, in 2, 3 and 4 experimental groups, respectively, in comparison with the control indicator. As a result of studying the morphological composition of rabbit carcasses, it was found that in the experimental groups the meat yield, in relation to the weight of the gutted carcass, was higher than in the control by 0.4-0.6%. The amount of fat, as a percentage of the gutted carcass, was slightly lower - by 0.2-0.3% in the experimental groups in comparison with the control.

In the process of control slaughter, the development of internal organs was studied in relation to the pre-slaughter weight. The mass of internal organs in all groups of animals was within the physiological norm characteristic of a given species of animals and their age. When studying the internal organs, no pathological changes in their development were found.

Upon completion of the scientific experiment, the economic efficiency of raising 1 head of rabbits was calculated (Table 8).

From the data obtained, it can be seen that in the second group of animals, the cost of consumed feed was on the same level with the control - 123.6 rubles, in the third - by 0.3 rubles. less, and in the fourth by 0.5 rubles. more than in control. However, in the 2, 3 and 4 experimental groups, the profit was obtained by 14.0, 24.4 and 14.6%, respectively, more than in the control group.

The level of profitability of raising rabbits when feeding them with AUCD in groups 2, 3 and 4 was higher than the control by 2.2, 3.8 and 2.3%, respectively.

Thus, as a result of the scientific experiment, it was found that feeding an active coal feed additive to rabbits at the age of 40-120 days increases the live weight of animals, while the costs per 1 kg of live weight gain are reduced, the slaughter yield increases and the profitability of raising rabbits for meat increases. ...

Sources of information accepted in the examination of the application:

1. Ernst, L.K., Zinovieva N.A. Biotechnology in animal husbandry / Moscow. 2008 .-- 510 p.

2. Aliev A.A. Metabolism in ruminants / M .: NITs Engineer, 1997.420 p.

3. Romanov V.N., Bogolyubova N.V., Chabaev M.G., Nekrasov R.V., Devyatkin V.A., Laptev G.Yu., Novikova N.I., Ilyina L.A., Nikonov I.N. Optimization of digestive, metabolic processes and liver functions in dairy cattle: monograph / Dubrovitsy. 2015, 152 p.

4. Tremasova A.M. Pharmaco-toxicological substantiation of the use of the natural mineral shungite and preparations based on it, nanosorbents polysorbin and polysorb in veterinary medicine / Diss. for the degree of Doctor of Biol. nauk / Kazan, 2014.351 p.

5. Belkin B.L. Influence of Khotynets natural zeolites on physiological functions, immunological parameters and productivity of animals and poultry // Materials of the international scientific and practical conference / Actual problems of veterinary medicine: Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy. Ulyanovsk, 2003.

6. Kuznetsov S.G. The use of natural zeolites in animal husbandry. Survey information of NIITET. M .: Agroprom, 1994.S. 31-32.

7. Tsutsieva A.U., Teziev T.K., Kebekov M.E. Feeding activated carbon to cows as a sorbent to reduce HM in milk / Materials of reports. Int. scientific and practical. conf. "Environmentally friendly technologies in agricultural production of the 21st century." Vladikavkaz, 2000.S. 518.

8. Active carbon feed additive. Specifications, 2014 Nizhny Novgorod.

Claims (1)

A method of using an active coal feed additive for rabbits, which consists in introducing an active coal feed additive into the diet of animals at a dose of 0.08% by weight of feed.