RU2298031C2 - Actinomyces fradiae STRAIN FOR REPROCESSING OF ORGANIC WASTE FROM ANIMAL AND POULTRY BREEDING - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biotechnology, veterinary microbiology, sanitary.

SUBSTANCE: disclosed is Actinomyces fradiae-96 strain isolated from soil sampled form organic poultry breeding waste.

EFFECT: active strain for reprocessing of organic waste from animal and poultry breeding.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, veterinary microbiology, sanitation and biotechnology and can be used in the processing of organic waste from agricultural enterprises while producing environmentally friendly highly effective fertilizer. The use of this strain allows for year-round utilization of organic waste with the lowest production costs.

The aim of the invention is a strain of Actinomyces fradiae-96, designed for the disposal of various types of organic raw materials, including human feces, farm animals and birds.

Analogs of the invention. Physical, chemical, and biological methods have been developed (processing manure and litter using coprophages, yeast, microorganisms, etc.) methods for processing organic raw materials (see Nikitin D.P. 1980, Voroshilov Yu.I., Durdybaev S.D., Erbanova L.N., 1991; Lysenko V.P. 2002; Blinov V.A., 2003). However, most of the known methods have several disadvantages both from an economic and biological point of view. For example, some of them are expensive and, therefore, inaccessible to most agricultural enterprises, others are effective only under certain climatic conditions. The most acceptable and effective for the processing of organic raw materials is the use of specific populations of microorganisms and fungi. It is known that microorganisms contribute to the accumulation of plant nutrients in the soil, stimulate their growth and development, have antagonistic activity in relation to zoo and phytopathogens. For the processing of organic waste, methane-forming, thermophilic, photosynthetic and lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and fermenting fungi are used.

Based on this, methods of processing organic waste using microorganisms and fungi were considered as examples. So known is a method of processing organic waste with the addition of methane-forming bacteria and the subsequent introduction of yeast yeast (No. 1625859). The disadvantage of this method is the low nutritional value of the resulting fertilizer and the complexity of the processing process. In another method, a bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 was used to disinfect bird droppings. However, the main disadvantage of using the strain of Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 is the length of the processing process (90 days).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed invention is the technology of effective microorganisms (see Blinov VA Biotechnology. Saratov. - 2003. - 196 S.). Such preparations created on the basis of EM technology as SEF-A, Baikal, Tamir, Kyussey EM-1, Bak Sib and others are effectively used for the processing of household and agricultural waste. However, the use of effective microorganisms (photosynthetic, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes) in the process of processing organic waste has drawbacks, in particular, the inability to carry out processing year-round, the need to cover the substrate, the high cost of drugs, which makes it difficult to widely introduce and implement it among the population.

The proposed method allows to reduce the processing time of organic raw materials, to carry out their reliable neutralization from pathogenic microorganisms and helminths, and to eliminate environmental pollution. Moreover, the process of processing organic waste is carried out with minimal production costs. An important advantage of the proposed facility is that the bioconversion of organic waste with this strain is independent of temperature conditions.

The strain was deposited on 08/10/2004 at FGU VGNKI under No. 04.05.17-DEP (Actinomyces fradiae-96). Certificate of deposit of strains issued for No. 2. The strain Actinomyces fradiae-96 was isolated by the authors in 1996 from soil selected from organic waste from poultry farming at the Pestrichinskaya poultry farm in the Pestrichinsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan, and after studying its beneficial properties, it was deposited at the All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute Federal State Institution (g. Kazan), under number 2/2004.

Characterization of the strain has not been previously published. The strain was not used for other purposes.

Actinomyces fradiae-96 has the following morphological and physiological characteristics.

Morphology. Cells are oval; length 0.006 ± 0.0014 mm; 0.004 ± 0.0005 mm wide. Unicellular mycelium from branching, thin hyphae.

Micromycetes stained, gram positive.

Cultural signs. On a liquid nutrient medium (MPB) after 24-48 hours of cultivation, a uniform turbidity is observed with the formation of a wrinkled mucous membrane.

Biochemical properties. Strain aerobic, although growth is observed with limited access to oxygen. It has a pronounced saccharolytic activity, intensively (on Giss medium) ferments with the formation of acid without gas - glucose, lactose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, glycerin; with the formation of acid and gas, maltose cleavage is noted. The strain does not cleave rhamnose, raffinose and dulcite. It has catalase and urease activity, liquefies gelatin, does not form hydrogen sulfide and indole.

Physiological signs. Reproduction by means of air hyphae is also possible by fragmentation.

The strain was harmless in a test dose (500 mg) in mice; in this case, a suspension of micromycete in physiological solution was introduced into two groups of animals (6 animals each) inside. The strain is not pathogenic for warm-blooded animals, since no death of mice and visible deviations from the physiological state were noted.

The proposed method for the disposal of organic waste is as follows.

Organic waste (excrement of various types of farm animals, birds) is layer-by-layer treated with an aqueous suspension of the microorganism at the rate of 20 ml of native culture per 1 ton of substrate, with a content of at least 200 million microns in 1 ml. class Then the resulting mass is composted for 30 days in the warm season and for 40-60 days in the cold.

Strain micromycete has a pronounced activity, effectively decomposes the excrement of animals and birds, turning them into high-quality humus.

The proposed method is illustrated by examples of specific applications.

Example 1. The experiments were conducted in the conditions of cattle and pig farms. Manure was laid on a solid platform (1 meter high). This surface was evenly watered with an aqueous suspension of a microorganism at the rate of 20 ml of native culture per 1 ton of substrate, with a content of 1 ml of at least 200 million microns. class Then, the substrate was again laid on the treated surface and the procedure was repeated. The whole fermentation process took in the summer - 30; in winter - 40-60 days. Samples for microbiological and coprological studies were taken at the beginning of processing (in the initial mixture) and every 10 days after fermentation.

The presence of microorganisms, protozoa, and helminths in the samples was evaluated by conventional methods.

The results of microbiological and coprological analysis showed complete disinfection of pathogenic microorganisms and helminths.

Example 2. The experiments were conducted in poultry farms in several regions of the Russian Federation. Sawdust was used to eliminate the liquid consistency of droppings. Litter and sawdust were laid on layers with a solid surface up to a height of 1.5 m, each layer was watered with an aqueous suspension of the microorganism at the rate of 20 ml of native culture per 1 ton of substrate, with a content of 1 ml of at least 200 million microns. class The fermentation process in the summer amounted to 30, winter - 40-60 days. At the beginning of processing (in the initial mixture) and every 10 days after fermentation, substrate samples were taken. Microbiological contamination of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora was determined in the selected samples, the presence of helminth eggs and protozoa. The results of microbiological and coprological analysis showed complete disinfection of pathogenic microorganisms and helminths.

Information sources

1. Copyright certificate No. 2105810, class. C05F 3/00, 11/08.

2. Copyright certificate No. 1625859, cl. C05F 3/00, 91.

3. Blinov V.A. Biotechnology. - Saratov. - 2003. - 196 p.

4. Nikitin D.P. Large livestock farms and the environment. - The medicine. - Moscow. - 1980. - 255 p.

5. Lysenko V.P. Promising technologies and equipment for reconstruction and technical re-equipment in poultry farming. - Moscow. - Federal State Institution "Rosinformagrotekh". - 2002. - S.375-453.

6. Voroshilov Yu.I., Durdybaev S.D., Erbanova L.N. Livestock complexes and environmental protection. - Moscow. - Agropromizdat. - 1991 .-- 107 s.

Claims (1)

The strain Actinomyces fradiae VGNKI 04.05.17-DEPT, used for the processing of organic waste from animal husbandry and poultry farming.