RU2293501C1 - Apparatus for preparing of juice from fruits, vegetables, and from fruits and flesh of cucurbitaceous crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering and food-processing industry.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has housing, fruit feeding hopper, grinder, shear knife, juice squeezing rolls with drive, guide for feeding of flesh into roll gap, tilt trays and reservoirs for separate collecting of juice and flesh. Grinder is made in the form of disk mounted on horizontal drive shaft. Disk has radial windows. Replaceable knives are positioned behind radial windows so as to be extended above disk surface. Said knives are mounted at an angle of 30-45 deg to disk surface. Radial windows have entrance faces formed at an angle to disk surface and arranged in parallel with plane of replaceable knife. Spring-loaded cut-off shield is positioned behind disk surface, above drive roll. Guide for feeding of flesh into roll gap is positioned behind knife disk and is made netted. Tilt board is located under guide. Pair of adjustable spring-loaded supports is located under lower juice squeezing roll. Fruit feeding hopper is divided by wall with inlet window in its lower part. Feeding device is mounted on drive shaft of disk, said device being made in the form of one coil of screw. The latter is spaced from inlet window by distance constituting 1/4-3/4 of screw coil pitch.

EFFECT: high quality of clearing juice produced from fruits, vegetables, and cucurbitaceous crop fruits by shredding and squeezing of liquid fraction from small-sized parts.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and the food industry for processing agricultural products.

A known machine for the separation of seeds from the fruits of melons, containing a hopper and located therein a device for destroying fruits and a device for separating seeds from chopped heaps, in which, in order to increase the yield of seeds and reduce their pollution by eliminating the formation of crumbs, a device for destroying fruits made in the form of a polyhedron, each face of which is equipped with knives, and the polyhedron is shifted to the bottom wall of the hopper, and the latter has pockets for the passage of knives (SU, author's certificate elstvo №772520. cl ³ M. A 23 N 4/00. Machine for allocation of seeds from fruits melons / I.N.Egorov, M.A.Zhukov, L.S.Zemlyanov, N.I.Kolchin, E. E. Medvedeva, G. A. Bogoslavsky (USSR) .Approved on 04/20/1979; Publish. 10/23/1980).

The disadvantages of this machine include the low efficiency of separating pulp and juice from the fruits of melons. This is due to the uneven supply of fruit from the hopper to the device for the destruction of the fruit.

A plant for processing vegetables and fruits is also known, comprising a frame, a receiving hopper, a device for destroying fruits in the form of a drive chopping drum with knives and an opposing plate installed under it, a concave, guiding sieve, in which the device for extracting juice from the chopped heap is made in the form counter-rotating rollers and equipped with pitched boards and funnels, containers for separate collection of juice and pulp (see. Information sheet on best practices No. 3-93 of the Kalmyk intersector Territorial Central Scientific and Technical Center. Installation for Processing Vegetables and Fruits / VG Abezin. - Elista. Republic of Kalmykia. - 1993. - S.1-4).

The disadvantages of this installation include the imperfection of the shape of the hopper for feeding the fruit to the device for destroying the fruit and the low efficiency of the device for separating juice from the pulp of the fruit.

The closest analogue in essence to the claimed object relates to a device for processing fruits of fruits and vegetables, containing a receiving hopper, a chopping drum with knives, a counter plate, a concave, a guiding sieve, rollers connected by a synchronizing transmission, pitched boards, a funnel and a container for separate collecting juice and pulp, in which the receiving hopper wall opposite the chopping drum is made curved from an elastic material, the limit position of which is limited to Cas hopper and shearbar mounted displaceably in the direction of the blades shredding drum (RU, patent №2192155. ⁷ IPC A 23 N 1/02. The apparatus for processing fruits and fruit vegetables / V.G.Abezin VV Karpunin, A.N. Tseplyaev, M.N. Shaprov, AMSaldaev. Declared November 27, 2000; Publ. November 10, 2002, Bull. No. 31).

The disadvantages of this device include the compilation and unloading of fruits in front of the window when fed to the chopping drum, as well as the unevenness of the supply of fruits for chopping. This leads to a deterioration in the release of juice from the fruit and pulp.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to prevent the fruit formation in the hopper and to ensure uniformity of their supply to the chopping device.

EFFECT: full separation of fruits into liquid and pasty fractions.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known installation for preparing juice from fruits, vegetables, fruits and pulp of melons, containing a casing, a fruit hopper, a chopper, a counter plate, juice squeezers with a drive, a guide for feeding the pulp into the gap between the rollers, pitched trays and containers for separate collection of juice and pulp, according to the invention, the chopper is made in the form of a disk mounted on a horizontal drive shaft having radial windows, behind which are installed with the adjustable extension over the plane of the disk replaceable knives mounted at an angle of 30-45 ° to the plane of the disk, and the windows have an input chamfer made at an angle to the plane of the disk and parallel to the plane of the replaceable knife, behind the plane of the disk above the drive roller there is a spring loaded jack peak, the guide for feeding the pulp into the gap between the rollers, it is placed behind the knife disc, made mesh, and under it there is a sloping board, a pair of adjustable supports is installed under the lower roller, and the fruit-receiving hopper is divided with enkoy with an input window at the bottom, wherein the drive shaft of the disc supply device installed in a single screw coil disposed away from the entrance window at a distance of 1/4 ... 3/4 turn screw pitch.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows an installation for preparing juice from fruits, vegetables, fruits and pulp of melons, a longitudinally vertical section.

Figure 2 - section aa in figure 1, a transverse vertical section of the working chamber (casing dismantled).

Figure 3 is a section bB in figure 2, the attachment of a removable knife on the disk.

Installation for the preparation of juice from fruits, vegetables, fruits and pulp of melons (see Figs. 1 and 2) contains a casing 1, a fruit hopper 2, a chopper 3, an opposing plate 4, juice-producing lead and driven rollers 5 and 6 with a drive 7, guide 8 for feeding the pulp into the gap between the rollers 5 and 6, pitched trays 9 and 10 and containers 11 and 12 for separate collection of juice and pulp.

The chopper 3 is made in the form of a disk 14 mounted on a horizontal drive shaft 13. The disk 14 has radial windows 15. Interchangeable knives 16 are mounted behind the radial windows 15 with adjustable extension over the plane of the disk 14. The knives 16 are mounted at an angle α = 30 ... 45 ° to the plane of the disk 14 (see figure 3). Radial windows 15 have an input chamfer 17. The input chamfer 17 is made at an angle α to the plane of the disk 14 and parallel to the plane of the removable knife 16. Replaceable knives 16 on the disk 14 are fixed with fasteners.

Behind the plane of the disk 14, a spring-loaded jack peak 18 is placed above the drive roller 5. The jack peak 18 is spring loaded relative to the casing 1.

The drive 7 of the horizontal shaft 13 includes an electric motor 19, a V-belt drive 20, pulleys 21 and 22, bearing bearings 23 located on the casing 1.

The leading juice extractor 5 is rotated by a chain gear 24. The drive sprocket 25 of the specified gear 24 is located on the end of the horizontal shaft 13 by means of a hub and a wedge key. The driven sprocket 26 is mounted on the pin of the leading juice extractor 5. A pair of adjustable spring-loaded supports 27 are installed under the lower roller 6. .

The guide 8 for feeding the pulp of the fruit into the gap between the rollers 5 and 6 is placed behind the knife disk 14. The guide 8 is made mesh. Under the guide 8 is a pitched board 28.

The fruit receiving hopper 2 is divided by a wall 29 with an inlet window 30 in the lower part for the passage of fruits.

On the drive shaft 13 of the disk 14, a feeding device 31 is installed in the form of a single turn of a screw. The supply device 31 is placed with the removal of "a" from the input window 30 at a distance of 1/4 ... 3/4 of step t of the turn.

Installation for the preparation of juice works as follows.

Before starting work, check the technical condition of the knives 16 of the knife disk 14 and make their adjustment so that their blades are in the same vertical plane and the ends of the knives 16 are located on the same radius of rotation.

Depending on the physicomechanical properties of the processed fruits, the extension of the knife 16 over the plane of the disk 14 is controlled using screws 32 (see figure 3). Check the density of the mutual pressing of the rollers 5 and 6, as well as the tension of the branches of the V-belt drive 20 and the chain gear 24. The electric motor drive 19 is turned on. The pre-washed root crops, vegetables and fruits, as well as the melon crops released from seeds, are loaded into the fruit receiving hopper 2. Vertical the front and curvilinear lower walls of the hopper, the fruits, under their own weight, are directed to the disk 14. The knives 16 cut the fruit slices and, through the radial windows 15 in the disk, discard them to the jack peak 18. Due to the impact of the slices, the fruit ov visor 18 begins the separation of juice from their pulp. At the same time, shocks of crushed particles on the visor 18 cause it to vibrate and provide self-cleaning. The juice, separated during grinding and upon impact against the jack visor 18, flows through the holes of the mesh guide 8 onto the ramp board 28, tray 10, and then into the container 12.

Using the mesh guide 8, the pulp of the fruit is fed into the gap between the rollers 5 and 6, where it is compressed and juice is extracted from it. The squeezed pulp (pulp) through the tray 9 enters the container 11, and the juice - through the tray 10 into the container 12. The feeding device 31 in the form of a single turn of the screw moves the fruits, thereby preventing the formation of fruit in the receiving hopper 2. The device 31 provides a uniform supply of fruits to the input window 30.

The use of the plant for the preparation of juice from fruits, vegetables, fruits and melons will make it possible to qualitatively separate the juice from the pulp (up to 85% compared to hydraulic presses) and reduce energy consumption by 27-48%.

Claims (1)

Installation for the preparation of juice from fruits, vegetables, fruits and pulp of melons, containing a casing, a fruit hopper, a chopper, a counter plate, juice squeezers with a drive, a guide for feeding pulp into the gap between the rollers, pitched trays and containers for separate collection of juice and pulp characterized in that the chopper is made in the form of a disk mounted on a horizontal drive shaft having radial windows, behind which removable n are mounted with the possibility of adjustable extension over the disk plane wedges mounted at an angle of 30-45 ° to the plane of the disk, and the windows have an input chamfer made at an angle to the plane of the disk and parallel to the plane of the removable knife, a spring-loaded jack peak is placed behind the disk plane above the drive roller, the guide for feeding the pulp into the gap between the rollers placed behind the knife disk, made mesh, and under it there is a pitched board, a pair of adjustable spring-loaded supports is installed under the lower roller, and the fruit-receiving hopper is divided by a wall with an entrance window in the lower part, at that the drive shaft of the disk has a feeding device in the form of a single turn of the screw, placed 1/4 ... 3/4 of the step of the turn of the screw away from the input window.

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