RU2291300C1 - Method for selective extraction of mineral resources of bed - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry, possible use during selective extraction of mineral resources with streak of valuable rock.

SUBSTANCE: method includes using cleaning combine to separately extract mineral resource and streak of valuable rock, dividing flows of mineral resource and streak in cleaning face and transportation of rocks of mineral resource and streak up to surface. Firstly, during movement of cleaning combine directly, a strip is extracted in streak, extracted mass is loaded up onto face conveyor and via conveyor drift is transported to main transport means, and dispensed further onto surface. During reverse movement of cleaning combine a strip of mineral resource is extracted, extracted mass by means of face conveyor is transported to conveyor drift, along which it is transported to main mine. Between extraction of strips of streak of valuable mineral resource, temporary pause is maintained, during which end operations are performed and loading of mass being transported onto appropriate main mine transport vehicles is controlled.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of extraction due to selective extraction of mineral resource and streak and separate dispensing thereof onto surface via existing transport chain.

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Description

The present invention relates to mining, in particular to the selective extraction from the reservoir of a mineral of a more valuable layer (one or more).

In the development of reservoir deposits, there are cases when the reservoir of the mineral contains in the form of interlayers other minerals, the value of which is orders of magnitude higher than the enclosing, developed reservoir. The extraction of these minerals together with the host mineral leads to their dilution, and the enrichment of the entire volume of the extracted rock mass leads to excessive loading of equipment, increased costs, and increased losses of more valuable minerals.

There is a method of underground selective mining of minerals, including a separate excavation of the layer contained in the mineral layer by direct feed of the shearer, mining of minerals by direct and reverse of the combine, separation of transport streams of the broken layer and mineral [1]. The disadvantage of this method is the need to use a combine harvester of a special design that is not widely used in mining, the difficulty of separately issuing two or more traffic streams to the surface.

As a prototype, a method for developing a mineral layer with a rock interlayer was selected, including separate excavation of a mineral and a valuable rock interlayer by a shearer, separation of mineral and interlayer flows in the working face, and transportation of mineral and interlayer rocks to the surface [2].

The disadvantages of this method are:

- its impracticability in the case when the interlayer lies at the top of the formation and it is impossible to cut through the cutting gap without violating the continuity of the rocks of the formation's roof;

- low productivity of the working face associated with the features of the interbedded rocks - the need to remove them with blocks of certain sizes, which is not required if subsequent processing involves crushing and grinding;

- the need to use special vehicles for interbedded rocks both in local workings and in trunk lines. This requires additional material and labor costs, clutters production with equipment, complicates the organization of mining operations.

These shortcomings reduce the efficiency of the development of reservoir minerals containing interlayers with valuable minerals.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of development of reservoir minerals containing interlayers of valuable minerals, due to the selective extraction of minerals and interlayers of valuable minerals and their separate delivery to the surface along the existing transport chain.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of selective extraction of minerals, including separate mining by a shearer of a mineral and a layer of valuable rock, separation of flows of minerals and a layer in the face and transport of rocks of the mineral and the layer to the surface, first, when the shearer is moving in direct motion, remove the strip in the interlayer, load the beaten mass onto the downhole conveyor and transport it by conveyor drift to the main production, where it is loaded into the medium in the main transport, and then it is brought out to the surface, then, when the shearer is moving backwards, a strip of mineral is removed, the broken mass is transported by a downhole conveyor to the conveyor drift, along which it is transported to the main production, between the excavation of the streaks of interlayer and mineral, the temporary a pause during which the terminal operations are performed and the load of the transported mass is controlled into the corresponding main production vehicles.

The proposed method of selective excavation is illustrated by the preparation scheme of the extraction column, shown in figure 1.

The method can be implemented as follows. In the excavation field of a mineral layer containing a layer of valuable rock, a long extraction column is prepared along the strike of the formation by conducting the main air supply 1, conveyor 2 and ventilation 3 slopes (or Bremsbergs), conveyor 4 and ventilation 5 drifts, which are knocked down by the mounting chamber on the column flank. In the mounting chamber, a mechanized complex consisting of a shearer 6, a face conveyor 7 and sections of a powered lining 8 is mounted. A conveyor belt mounts a telescopic belt conveyor 9 and a loading device 10, which allows overloading the broken rock mass from the face conveyor 7 to the drift conveyor 9. B the conveyor slope (Bremsberg) 2 install the main belt conveyor 11 and lay the track 12 for the organization of rail transport of rock mass and auxiliary materials. At the conjugation of the conveyor belt 9 with the main conveyor 11, a loading device 13 is installed to organize the overload of the rock mass from the drift conveyor to the main conveyor, and at the conjugation of the conveyor 9 with the rail track 12, a loading device 14 is installed and a plow ejector 15 is installed to transfer the rock mass from the conveyor belt 9 into trolleys 16.

The selective extraction of the reservoir mineral (for example, coal) and the valuable layer is carried out in the following order. First, the shearer 6, moving straight ahead, removes the strip into the bed of valuable rock and loads the broken rock mass into the face conveyor 7. The face conveyor 7 transports it to the conveyor drift 4, where through the loading device 10 it loads onto the belt of the drift conveyor 9. The drift conveyor 9 transports the rock mass to the conveyor slope (Bremsberg) 2. At the pairing of the drift 4 with the conveyor slope (Bremsberg) 2, the rock mass from the conveyor belt 9 by the plow dumper 15 is discharged to the reloading device 14 and enters in trolleys 16, the replacement of which is carried out by the filling machine in a known manner.

After the harvester 6 exits to the ventilation drift 5, an end operation is performed - its executive bodies, screws, are set to the coal extraction position, i.e. withstand a temporary pause in loading coal onto the conveyor. When the shearer 6 is ready, the plumber is given a signal that the extraction of coal is starting. The loader observes the transport stream of valuable minerals and, after its passage, as evidenced by the very low level of filling the conveyor belt with rock mass, raises the plow ejector 15 - the transport chain of conveyors is ready for transporting the broken coal to the surface. When the strip of coal is removed, the shearer 6 moves from the ventilation drift 5 to the conveyor 4, and the beaten coal by the downhole conveyor 7 is reloaded onto the drift conveyor 9 and then to the main conveyor 11, which is issued to the surface.

After the shearer 6 comes to the conveyor drift 4, the end operations are performed again - the executive bodies of the shearer are set in the position for excavating the interlayer, the drive head is moved and mounted on the face conveyor 7, as well as the boot device 10, i.e. again carry out a time delay in transporting the rock mass; after which they give a signal to the loader that the extraction of more valuable mineral begins. The filler, having received a signal about the beginning of the excavation of rocks of a valuable layer, observes the moving stream of coal and after its passage lowers the plow ejector, etc. Management of the overload of the transported mass is carried out by the scavenger on command from the face by raising or lowering the plow ejector, and the replacement of trolleys by any other known method, for example, a pusher.

The attractiveness of this method lies in the fact that in existing mines in conveyor slopes (Bremsbergs), rail tracks for organizing the transport of auxiliary materials are necessarily laid, the technology for transferring the broken mineral from the conveyor belt into trolleys has been worked out by many years of experience in its use in domestic mines, the method does not require additional capital costs and allows in an underground enterprise to separate traffic flows from one face with the issuance of two or more flows g mass to the surface, i.e. to increase the efficiency of development of reservoir minerals containing layers of valuable minerals, and this is the purpose of the invention.

Information sources

1. The method of underground selective mining of minerals. RF patent №1585520, Е 21 С 41/04, publ. 1990, bull. No. 30 (analogue).

2. A method of developing mineral strata with a bed of rock. RF patent No. 1553683, E 21 C 41/16, publ. 1990, bull. No. 12 (prototype).

Claims (1)

The method of selective extraction of reservoir minerals, including separate mining of a mineral mine and a layer of valuable rock by a shearer, separating the flows of minerals and the bed in the mine face and transporting mineral rocks and the bed to the surface, characterized in that, first, when the shearer is moving in the forward direction they take out the strip in the interlayer, load the beaten mass onto the downhole conveyor and transport it by conveyor drift to the main production, where it is loaded into the master’s facility transport, and is then pulled out to the surface, then, when the shearer is moving backwards, a strip of mineral is removed, the broken mass is transported by a face conveyor to a conveyor drift, along which it is transported to the main production, between the excavation of strips of a layer of valuable rock and mineral a temporary pause during which the terminal operations are performed and the load of the transported mass is controlled in the corresponding main production vehicles.