RU2289694C1 - Method for reclamation of limestone quarries during construction of industrial structures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining, construction engineering, possible use during technical reclamation of quarry pits.

SUBSTANCE: method includes extracting the quarry field, forming paired stopping walls in extracted space of quarry field, filling the space between paired stopping walls by construction wastes, while preserving full height of draining and ventilation channels, and building a ceiling. After extraction of quarry field, present hanging sides of quarry walls are collapsed to impart required verticality to them, flexible longitudinal links are attached to quarry walls with following guniting of quarry walls with solidifying solution across whole perimeter of extracted quarry space. Then, quarry bottom is evened out with following densification by means of rolling with appropriate machines and devices, after that wells are drilled in soil by means of washout and soil is mixed with solidifying solution, then reinforcing cage is mounted therein with simultaneous feeding of concrete mixture for making iron-concrete pile in soil-cement cover, while diameters of soil-cement covers overlap one another, creating a foundation having increased filtration and hardness characteristics, paired stopping walls are built along perimeter of quarry, letting flexible longitudinal links through them with their following attachment inside paired stopping walls, and columns are set up to make a ceiling.

EFFECT: expanded area of possible use of extracted and reclaimed quarries, for example, for further industrial construction.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mining and construction, and may find application in the technical reclamation of quarries remaining after the extraction of building stone and other surface minerals.

A known method of reclamation of quarries (1), which consists in the formation by filling up the thrust walls across the quarry and longitudinal bridges with filling the space between them with production waste. The disadvantages of this method include the impossibility of using quarry excavation for industrial construction, i.e. subsequent construction of facilities for various purposes in an existing underground bowl.

A known method of reclamation of quarries (2), selected as a prototype, including the formation of paired thrust walls across the quarry with the installation of drainage and ventilation ducts, the construction of longitudinal bridges, filling the space between the pair walls and longitudinal bridges with industrial waste. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the narrow use, i.e. application as an oil storage.

The objective of the invention is to expand the scope of developed and reclaimed quarries formed as a result of the exploitation of mineral deposits, for example, for further industrial construction.

This is achieved by the fact that in the method of reclamation of limestone quarries, including mining a quarry field, forming paired thrust walls in a mined space of a quarry field, filling the space between paired thrust walls with construction waste, leaving drainage and ventilation ducts to their entire height, and erecting overlap . After mining the quarry field, the existing hanging sides of the quarry walls are collapsed to give them the necessary verticality, flexible longitudinal links are fastened to the quarry walls, followed by shotcreting of the quarry walls with a hardening solution around the entire perimeter of the quarry mined out space, then the quarry bottom is leveled, followed by its compaction by packing machines and mechanisms, after which wells are drilled in the soil by erosion and mixing of the soil with a hardening solution, then a reinforcing cage is placed in them with the simultaneous supply of concrete mixture for the formation of reinforced concrete piles in a cement-cement sheath, and the diameters of the cement-cement sheaths overlap each other, creating a foundation with improved filtration and strength characteristics, paired thrust walls are erected along the perimeter of the quarry, passing flexible through them longitudinal bonds with their subsequent fixing on paired thrust walls, and columns are installed to form the ceiling.

The quarries reclaimed in this way can later be used for the construction of vegetable stores, ice mills, freezers, etc.

The cost savings are obvious both in construction and in operation due to the cost savings needed to isolate such industrial structures.

As building waste, beaten fired brick, concrete, reinforced concrete, and ceramic tile are used.

When using the developed quarry for industrial civil engineering, an artesian well is additionally erected in it.

The drawing shows an underground structure.

The method of reclamation of limestone quarries in the construction of industrial structures is as follows.

After the completion of mining operations for the extraction of building stone, planning works are carried out, then in the quarry bowl 1 the hanging sides are knocked down, giving the walls 2 of the quarry 1 the necessary verticality. Flexible transverse ties are fixed in the walls 3. A layer of shotcrete is applied on the walls of the quarry 4. Then, the bottom 5 of the quarry is leveled and compacted using sealing machines and mechanisms. Next, the foundation 6 is formed by drilling cement-cement wells 7 with the simultaneous installation of reinforced concrete piles 8 into it, followed by concreting. Drilling a well in the soil is carried out by immersing in the soil of the monitor, which through nozzles with a stream of hardening solution carries out erosion and mixing of the soil. After reaching the design depth of the well, the monitor is removed and the reinforcing cage is installed and at the same time the concrete mixture is supplied under overpressure to the well until the formed space is filled. Moreover, the reinforced soil-cement piles are located in close proximity to each other, forming an anti-filter curtain. At the same time, an artesian well is installed and a drainage and ventilation system is constructed (not shown in the drawing). A few days later, after the process of joint hardening of the cement-cement piles 7 and reinforced concrete piles 8 is completed, the foundation is poured with a continuous layer of concrete 9. Only after the final drying of the foundation is applied a waterproofing layer 10. Then paired thrust walls 11 are formed parallel to the walls of the quarry, passing flexible walls through them cross ties 3 with their subsequent fixing on paired thrust walls. As the paired thrust walls are erected, the space between them is filled with construction waste 12 in the form of broken fired bricks, ceramic tiles, concrete, reinforced concrete, using various types of loading cranes, overpasses, etc. Then, in accordance with the general layout, the required number of columns 13 is installed and floors 14 are erected.

Using the proposed method for the restoration of limestone quarries during construction provides the opportunity to obtain underground structures, including tanks for storing oil and oil products, gases, warehouses for storing vegetables, fruits, grains, ice mills, freezers, and given that the restored surface above the underground structure may be used as arable land, pasture, it becomes apparent the effectiveness of the proposed method of reclamation of quarries. It is also obvious that the cost of these structures will be much less, since the worked out space has already been created by operational works.

Information sources

1. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 1330313, Cl. E 21 C 41/32, 1990

2. RF patent No. 2039274, Cl. E 21 C 41/32, 1995

Claims (3)

1. The method of reclamation of limestone quarries during the construction of industrial facilities, including mining the quarry field, forming paired thrust walls in the mined-out space of the quarry field, filling the space between paired thrust walls with construction waste, leaving drainage and ventilation ducts to their entire height, and erecting overlap characterized in that after the development of the quarry field, the existing hanging sides of the quarry walls are collapsed to give them the necessary vertical fastening flexible longitudinal bonds into the walls of the pit, followed by shotcreting the pit walls with a hardening solution around the entire perimeter of the pit mined out space, then level the pit bottom with its subsequent compaction with sealing machines and mechanisms, after which wells are drilled in the soil by erosion and mixing of the soil with a hardening solution , then install a reinforcing cage in them with the simultaneous supply of concrete mixture for the formation of reinforced concrete piles in a cement-cement sheath, p When in use, the diameters grouting shells overlap, creating a foundation having enhanced filtration performance and durability, the paired bearings wall erected along the perimeter of career, flowing through them flexible longitudinal connection with the subsequent fixing on the paired abutment wall and for generating overlapping set column. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as building waste use beaten fired brick, concrete, reinforced concrete, ceramic tile. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when using the developed quarry for civilian purposes, an artesian well is additionally erected in it.