CN107542108B - A reverse construction method of a building basement structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A reverse construction method for the basement structure of a building, which solves the problems of ground subsidence around the foundation pit, deformation and dislocation of roads, buildings, and underground pipelines, and difficulties in subsequent construction of foundation pit excavation. The construction method adopts pouring in the pile holes formed in advance After the underground structure is piled, the method of reverse construction of the underground structure is realized. The construction method is realized by the following steps: 1. The pile hole construction of the basement structure is carried out on the ground, and the pile hole is divided into pile holes below the size of the basement space. and the portion of the column hole that crosses the size of the basement space. 2. Pile concrete pouring. 3. Concrete pouring of columns. 4. Excavation and removal of earthwork for the negative first floor structure of the basement. 5. Concrete structure construction of the outer wall of the negative floor of the basement. 6. Earthwork excavation and clearing structure construction on the negative floor of the basement. 7. Excavation and removal of earth on the negative second floor of the basement. 8. Construction of beams and floor slabs on the negative second floor of the basement. The beneficial effect is that the construction method is simple, high in efficiency and low in cost.

Description

A reverse construction method of a building basement structure

A reverse construction method of a building basement structure

technical field

The invention relates to a building construction method, in particular to a reverse construction method for a basement structure of a building.

Background technique

Since the reform and opening up, the scale of domestic urban construction has continued to expand, and the density and height of buildings have also increased. Deep and large foundation pits have been widely used as the density and height of buildings increase. The existing technology adopts the method of excavating the foundation pit first, but with the continuous increase of the excavation depth, the influence area of the falling funnel formed by precipitation is also expanding, and the impact on the existing buildings around the foundation pit is also increasing. The existing technology has caused ground subsidence around the foundation pit, deformation and dislocation of roads, buildings, and underground pipelines, and difficulties in subsequent construction of foundation pit excavation.

purpose of invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of ground subsidence around the foundation pit, deformation and dislocation of roads, buildings, and underground pipelines, and difficulties in subsequent construction of foundation pit excavation, the present invention discloses a reverse construction method for the basement structure of a building. In areas with complex underground pipelines, comprehensive reverse construction is used in the underground structure, and better results are achieved.

The method that the present invention realizes the purpose of the invention adopts is:

A reverse construction method for a basement structure of a building. The construction method is realized by pouring underground structure piles in previously formed pile holes, and then carrying out partial reverse construction of the underground structure. The construction method is realized by the following steps:

Step 1. Carry out the pile hole construction of the basement structure on the ground, and carry out wall protection treatment on the formed pile hole. During the pile hole construction, the pile hole is divided into the pile hole part below the size of the basement space and the column passing through the size of the basement space. For the hole part, the hole diameter of the column hole part passing through the basement space size is larger than the column outline size of 0.8-1.2 meters in the column construction space.

Step 2. Pile concrete pouring: install the pile reinforcement cage in place in the pile hole, pour the pile core concrete after the double line is correct, and pour the pile concrete to the bottom elevation of the anchoring end of the column inserting reinforcement. After the column inserting reinforcement is bound and installed, two Secondary pouring of pile concrete to the design elevation;

Step 3. Column Concreting:

Bind the column reinforcement, and bind the column stirrup in the column hole of the column hole. When the column reinforcement is bound and installed, install and fix the horizontal pre-embedded reinforcement of the basement exterior wall and the shear pre-embedded reinforcement of the column hoop according to the elevation of the underground floor and the design position;

Install and fix the column formwork, the installation and fixation of the column formwork shall be carried out from bottom to top in the column hole of the column hole part according to the design requirements of the formwork;

Pour column concrete in the installed and fixed column formwork to the column design level;

Step 4. Earthwork excavation and removal of the negative first floor structure of the basement;

After the pouring of pile concrete and column concrete is completed, the earthwork of the basement negative floor structure is excavated and cleared by mechanical and manual methods, and the column formwork of the negative floor is removed after excavation and removal.

Step 5. Construction of the concrete structure of the exterior wall of the negative floor of the basement;

In the excavation and removal process of the basement negative floor structure, the external wall construction should be inserted in time. The height of each construction should be determined on site according to the surrounding soil conditions and according to the design specifications. Reserve ribs for welding. When constructing the upper section of the retaining wall, reserve vertical ribs to connect with the lower section vertical ribs, and set horizontal water-stop steel plates or waterproof grooves;

Step 6. basement structure construction;

After the excavation and removal of the earthwork on the negative floor of the basement is completed, pour a concrete cushion according to the soil quality of the basement. The thickness of the cushion should meet the rigidity requirements to prevent the roof formwork of the negative first floor of the basement from sinking. , the bottom of beams and floor structure formwork support poles should be equipped with a backing plate to prevent local uneven settlement of the cushion layer, and concrete pouring of beams and floor slab structures on the negative floor of the basement;

Step 7. Excavation and removal of earth on the negative second floor of the basement;

After the beam and floor structure concrete of the negative first floor of the basement reach the formwork removal strength required by the code, the supporting frame is removed, and the earthwork excavation and removal of the second underground floor is carried out. The thickness of each layer is less than 1 meter, and the distance between the side of the excavated foundation pit and the side of the outer wall is not less than 2 meters. The slope of the side slope should meet the slope requirements of natural grading according to the soil quality. Pouring the negative second floor concrete cushion according to the soil quality of the base;

Step 8. Construction of beams and floor slab structures on the negative second floor of the basement;

Construction of beams and slabs on the second floor of the basement is carried out on the concrete cushion of the second floor of the basement. Since the pillars in the basement are constructed first, the beams and floors of each underground floor are poured layer by layer from top to bottom as the soil excavation progresses. The shear reinforcement and the friction between the ring beam and the column are reserved to bear the live load and self-weight of the basement floor, and the concrete pouring of the beam and floor structure of each floor of the basement should be constructed simultaneously.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the construction method is simple, high in efficiency and low in cost, and can solve technical problems such as ground subsidence around the foundation pit, deformation and dislocation of roads, buildings, and underground pipelines, and difficulties in subsequent construction of foundation pit excavation. This construction method is mainly applicable to large-scale underground structural projects where the engineering piles are excavated piles, the adjacent buildings and the surrounding environment are sensitive to settlement deformation, the construction period is tight, the construction site is narrow, and the surrounding building density is high.

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Accompanying drawing 1 is construction process flowchart of the present invention.

Detailed ways:

The technological principle of the construction of the present invention is: the construction method of the multi-storey basement of the present invention is a kind of " closed " construction method. The principle of the technology is to excavate the pile hole construction on the foundation soil. During the pile hole construction, the pile hole is divided into the pile hole part below the basement space size and the column hole part passing through the basement space size. For the column passing through the basement space size The aperture size of the hole part is 0.8-1.2 meters larger than the column outline size. After the pile core concrete is poured, the underground structure column is implemented in the pile hole. During the column construction process, the shear reinforcement of the beam and the horizontal reinforcement of the wall need to be reserved. Then excavate the negative layer of earthwork, during which the retaining wall is poured upside down to support the slope. Then pour the beam and floor structure of the first floor, and use it as the horizontal support of the underground structure. According to this method, the construction of the underground structure is completed layer by layer from top to bottom until the bottom of the structure is sealed.

This construction method is realized by the following steps:

Step 1. Carry out the pile hole construction of the basement structure on the ground, and carry out wall protection treatment on the formed pile hole. During the pile hole construction, the pile hole is divided into the pile hole part below the size of the basement space and the column passing through the size of the basement space. For the hole part, the hole diameter of the column hole part passing through the basement space size is larger than the column outline size of 0.8-1.2 meters in the column construction space.

In addition to the construction of pile holes in strict accordance with relevant regulations and specifications, the technical measures adopted for construction are as follows:

In the construction of pile holes, the reinforced concrete retaining wall, the hole size of the column hole part passing through the basement space size is 0.8-1.2 meters larger than the outline size of the column, and the enlarged diameter size should be able to meet the column construction work, and the best choice is 800-1000mm. The bottom elevation of the enlarged pile hole is 30-50mm lower than the bottom end of the column bottom insertion bar.

When the quicksand situation is relatively light, shorten the excavation depth of this cycle to 0.5m to reduce the exposure time of the hole wall of the excavation layer, and timely pour concrete into the retaining wall. When the hole wall of the pile collapses, there will be silt flowing in and no For the pile holes, textile bags can be gradually piled up to form the outer wall of the pile hole, and the inner wall can be controlled to meet the design requirements.

When the quicksand is serious, use the method of lowering the steel sleeve. The steel sleeve is similar to the steel mold used for the wall. The outer diameter of the hole is used as the diameter, and can be divided into 4 to 6 sections of arcs, plus appropriate ribs. Bolt or steel ring buckle connection, after about 0.5m of excavation, the sleeve can be installed in pieces, penetrated into the bottom of the hole not less than 0.2m, inserted into the outer part of the upper concrete retaining wall less than 0.5m, and cast the retaining wall after installation For concrete, if the quicksand still rises after being put into the sleeve, the method of sealing the bottom of the hole with concrete can be adopted after the protrusion is dug out. After the concrete is set, the concrete at the center of the hole is cleared to form a pile hole.

Step 2. Pile concrete pouring: install the pile reinforcement cage in place in the pile hole, pour the pile core concrete after the double line is correct, and pour the pile concrete to the bottom elevation of the anchoring end of the column inserting reinforcement. After the column inserting reinforcement is bound and installed, two Concrete the piles for the second time to the design elevation.

Pile Concreting:

After the pile reinforcement cage is made, install it in place with a tower crane or a crane. After the double line is correct, pour the pile core concrete. The pile concrete is poured to the height of the anchor end and bottom of the column insertion reinforcement. After the column insertion reinforcement is bound and installed, the pile concrete is poured twice to the design elevation. .

Step 3. Column Concreting:

Bundle the column reinforcement, and bind the column stirrup in the column hole of the column hole. When the column reinforcement is bound and installed, install and fix the horizontal pre-embedded reinforcement of the basement exterior wall and the shear pre-embedded reinforcement of the column hoop according to the elevation of the underground floor and the design position.

Install and fix the column formwork, the installation and fixation of the column formwork shall be carried out from bottom to top in the column hole of the column hole part according to the design requirements of the formwork;

Pour column concrete in the installed and fixed column formwork to the column design level.

Concrete pouring of basement structural columns inside pile holes

Put the axis on the side of the pile well circle, and make a paint mark; then drop the axis on the concrete on the top of the pile, place the column on the concrete on the top of the pile to insert the reinforcement, bind the column and insert the reinforcement, and position the steel pipe frame; use the car pump Pour the concrete with column inserts, and pour the concrete to the design elevation of the foundation top.

The main reinforcement of the column and the insertion reinforcement are connected by straight threads. First, a steel pipe lantern frame is erected to position the reinforcement of the column to ensure the plane position and verticality of the reinforcement. Rebar workers bind the column stirrups in the column holes. Due to the limited operating space in the hole, the column hoops can only cover the main bars of the column from the upper part, tie them with ropes, slide them into the lower part, and bind the column hoops from bottom to top. When the column reinforcement is bound and installed, install and fix the horizontal pre-embedded reinforcement of the basement exterior wall and the shear pre-embedded reinforcement of the column hoop according to the elevation of the underground floor and the design position.

Post formwork fabrication and installation. Before making the template, draw a detailed template assembly diagram and make a large sample diagram to guide the production and installation of the template. After the formwork is finished, use a crane or a tower crane to hoist the formwork into the hole and put it in place. The column formwork is reinforced with steel pipe column hoops and jacking brackets. According to the size and height of the column, the spacing of the steel pipe hoops is calculated, which is generally 400-1000mm; the number of jacking is set according to the section width of the column, and the steel pipe is used to support the concrete retaining wall of the pile after jacking. The column hoop installation should be carried out from bottom to top according to the design requirements of the formwork, starting at 200mm on the poured concrete pile. After the column formwork is installed, the verticality of the formwork, the length difference of the diagonal line, the cross-sectional size and other items should be comprehensively reviewed. The support must be firm. Embedded parts, reserved parts, and reserved holes are strictly prohibited to be missed, and must be accurate and stable.

Concreting of columns. The formwork should be watered and moistened before pouring, and the cleaning opening of the column formwork should be closed after removing debris and accumulated water. It is strictly forbidden to explode the formwork in the concrete pouring of the column. Carpenters should be arranged to guard the formwork during the pouring, and if there is a situation, it should be dealt with in time. If the height of the column is greater than 2 meters, the concrete pouring should use string tubes or conduits.

Step 4. Earthwork excavation and removal of the negative first floor structure of the basement;

After the pouring of pile concrete and column concrete is completed, the earthwork of the basement negative floor structure is excavated and cleared by mechanical and manual methods, and the column formwork of the negative floor is removed after excavation and removal.

This layer of soil is excavated and cleared openly, using excavators to excavate and clear, dump trucks to the spoil yard outside the yard. For construction in rainy days and earth transportation roads with weak foundations, gravel should be paved, and thick steel plates should be laid if necessary to ensure normal transportation of earth. The specific direction of the temporary road is determined according to the actual situation on site, and the width should meet the requirements of earthwork transportation. Excavation shall be stopped when the earthwork excavation is cleared to 300mm above the design elevation, and manual excavation shall be adopted to the design elevation. The slope of the side slope shall meet the slope requirements of natural grading according to the soil quality.

The reinforced concrete wall that was poured during the original construction of the pile hole was removed by a rock drill during the earthwork excavation, and the column was wrapped and protected with waste formwork to prevent damage to the column during the removal of the wall.

During the excavation and removal of earthwork, the external wall construction should be inserted in time, and the height of each construction should be determined on site according to the surrounding soil conditions (generally a section of 1.5m). The horizontal reinforcement of the outer wall is welded with the reinforcement reserved during the construction of the original column by the method of single-side lap welding. The exterior wall formwork is a single-sided support system. Scaffold support, formwork installation and support are firm, and there must be no looseness, run-out, sinking, etc. It shall be ensured that the designed shape, size and position of the retaining wall are accurate and easy to disassemble. Starting from the second section of the retaining wall, the formwork should be supported with a bevel to facilitate concrete pouring, and the concrete should be poured above the bevel of the formwork, 10-20cm higher than the top of the retaining wall, to ensure the quality of concrete pouring. After the formwork is removed, the beveled concrete is manually chiseled.

During the construction of the upper section of the retaining wall, the vertical bars should be reserved to connect with the lower section's vertical bars, and horizontal water-stop steel plates or waterproof grooves should be set. After the construction of the retaining wall is completed, if there is water seepage, drain holes and drain pipes can be drilled at the seepage parts to guide the seepage.

Step 5. Construction of the concrete structure of the exterior wall of the negative floor of the basement;

In the excavation and removal process of the basement negative floor structure, the external wall construction should be inserted in time. The height of each construction should be determined on site according to the surrounding soil conditions and according to the design specifications. Reserve ribs for welding. When constructing the upper retaining wall, reserve vertical ribs to connect with the lower vertical ribs, and set horizontal water-stop steel plates or waterproof grooves.

Step 6. basement structure construction;

After the excavation and removal of the earthwork on the negative floor of the basement is completed, pour a concrete cushion according to the soil quality of the basement. The thickness of the cushion should meet the rigidity requirements to prevent the roof formwork of the negative first floor of the basement from sinking. , the bottom of beams and floor structure formwork support poles should be equipped with a backing plate to prevent local uneven settlement of the cushion layer, and concrete pouring of beams and floor slab structures on the negative floor of the basement;

Step 7. Excavation and removal of earth on the negative second floor of the basement;

After the beam and floor structure concrete of the negative first floor of the basement reach the formwork removal strength required by the code, the supporting frame is removed, and the earthwork excavation and removal of the second underground floor is carried out. The thickness of each layer is less than 1 meter, and the distance between the side of the excavated foundation pit and the side of the outer wall is not less than 2 meters. The slope of the side slope should meet the slope requirements of natural grading according to the soil quality. According to the condition of the base soil, the concrete cushion of the negative second floor is poured.

After the concrete of the beam-slab structure on the first floor on the ground reaches the formwork removal strength required by the code, the supporting frame is removed, and the earthwork of the negative second floor underground is excavated and cleared. The excavation shall be carried out in layers, and the thickness of each layer shall be less than 1 meter. The distance between the edge of the foundation pit and the edge of the outer wall shall not be less than 2 meters. The slope shall meet the slope requirements of natural grading according to the soil quality. The excavator should choose a long-arm excavator according to the height of the floor, the span of the structural columns, the layout and the soil quality, and the crawler grab shovel should be transported vertically for excavation. The excavation sequence should extend from the excavation opening to the middle area of the building, and then expand to the surrounding area. Temporary roads should be hardened according to soil conditions.

Before excavation and removal, paste reflective warning tapes on the positive corners of each pillar, and provide detailed safety technical disclosure to the driver. It is strictly forbidden to touch structural pillars, beams and floors during the construction process.

Step 8. Construction of beams and floor slab structures on the negative second floor of the basement;

Construction of beams and slabs on the second floor of the basement is carried out on the concrete cushion of the second floor of the basement. Since the pillars in the basement are constructed first, the beams and floors of each underground floor are poured layer by layer from top to bottom as the soil excavation progresses. The shear reinforcement and the friction between the ring beam and the column are reserved to bear the live load and self-weight of the basement floor, and the concrete pouring of the beam and floor structure of each floor of the basement should be constructed simultaneously.

Treatment of Beam-column Joints of Underground Structures

After the earthwork is excavated and cleared to the bottom elevation of the floor, the base is hardened according to the soil condition, and then the underground structural beam and slab construction is carried out. Since the basement columns are constructed first, and the beams and slabs of each underground layer are poured layer by layer from top to bottom with the progress of soil excavation, the treatment of beam-column joints is a key control item of the underground structure.

The live load and self-weight of the basement floor are borne by the reserved shear reinforcement (or planted reinforcement) on the column and the friction between the beam and the column. That is, ring beam column hoops are set within the beam height range of the basement floor, and the cross-sectional size and reinforcement should be determined after design checks. The height of the column hoops should preferably be consistent with the height of the basement main beam. The steel bars of the main girder in the basement are anchored into the column hoop, and the anchorage length should meet the requirements of relevant specifications and atlases. The steel bars and formwork for column hoops and concrete pouring shall be constructed simultaneously with the beam and slab structure of the basement.

Before construction, the surface of the column needs to be chiseled first, and high-frequency and low-vibration machines are used for chiseling. When chiseling, the old surface of the concrete should be completely chiseled off to expose the new concrete layer. The chiseling operation should not damage the structure of the building. structure.

The main reinforcement and the main reinforcement of the column hoop adopt two single-sided lap welding of the "door" hoop. The end of the steel bar of the main beam in the basement must extend to the edge of the column and be bent and anchored for 15d, and the steel bar of the plate is anchored into the beam. The steel bars at the column hoops are relatively dense, and small-diameter vibrating rods are used to vibrate when pouring concrete to prevent leaking rods and avoid concrete quality defects. The treatment of beam-column joints in the basement is shown in the figure.

In the embodiment of the present invention, steps 6, 7 and 8 are repeated to realize multi-layer construction in the basement.

In the construction of the present invention, the anti-floating bottom plate and anchor rod construction involved

If the elevation of the basement floor is lower than the groundwater level, the floor needs to consider the requirements of anti-floating. Structural beams and slabs can be used to resist buoyancy, or the form of anti-floating bottom plate + anti-floating anchor rods can be used. No matter which form is adopted, the specific construction plan must be determined after design check and calculation. The construction of structural beams and floor slabs is basically the same as that of foundation beams and slabs; the following points need to be paid attention to in the construction of anti-floating anchor + anti-floating floor:

(1) Water pumps or other dewatering measures should be used to dewater the foundation throughout the construction process, so that the groundwater is kept 1-1.5m lower than the anti-floating floor.

(2) The anchorage section of the anchor rod should make the anchor bar located in the middle of the anchor hole, and ensure that the thickness of the cement mortar protective layer is greater than 25mm.

(3) Before the full construction of the anchor bolt, the anchor bolt should be tested to determine the length of the anchor bolt. The number of test groups should be determined according to different soil layer conditions, bolt length and design pull-out resistance requirements. The number of groups in each case should be at least 1 group, and the number of anchor rods in each group should not be less than 3; after the test is completed, a test report should be formed as the basis for the designer to determine the length of the anchor rods on the site.

(4) After the pile hole enters the medium weathered rock stratum and reaches the design depth, the hole should be cleaned in time, and the anchor reinforcement and grouting should be inserted. In particular, measures should be taken to remove the rock slag at the anchorage section, and the cracks in the hole cannot be sealed. Ensure sufficient bonding between the mortar and the rock wall. In order to make the cement mortar in the anchorage section compact, the grouting pipe should be inserted into the bottom of the hole and poured from the lowest part to remove the remaining water in the hole.

(5) If the anchor bolt encounters a hole in the soil layer or silt or quicksand in the soil layer, it should be drilled with the wall casing and the pipe.

(6) When grouting anchor holes, appropriate adjustments should be made according to the site construction conditions to avoid deterioration of rock mass cracks due to excessive pressure.

(7) Measures should be taken during construction to ensure the length of the bolt anchored into the weathered rock body. When the drilling depth is reached, a relatively complete rock core must be taken out, and it must be identified by the geological survey unit to meet the moderate weathering standard before it can be used as the beginning of the anchorage section. When a broken rock mass is encountered, the anchorage length of the bolt should be determined separately by the geological survey and design personnel according to the specific conditions on site.

The anti-floating bottom plate shall be constructed after the construction of the anti-floating anchor rods is completed, and the thickness of the anti-floating bottom plate shall be determined by the design. The upper end of the anti-floating anchor rod is anchored into the anti-floating bottom plate to form a whole.

Monitoring

During the construction of the method of the present invention, monitoring should be carried out, and the monitoring starts from the construction of the basement to three months after the completion of the basement. Including the inclination, inclination direction, inclination rate of adjacent buildings, and the location, direction, length, width, and degree of change of ground cracks for monitoring.

The groundwater level should also be monitored during implementation. The water level pipe is set through the hole, and the water level gauge and other methods are used for measurement. The accuracy of groundwater level monitoring should not be lower than 10mm.

Strengthen on-site inspections and monitoring, collect statistics, collate, and analyze the monitored data, and report the analysis results in a timely manner. If the monitoring data exceeds the corresponding specifications, an early warning should be issued, the on-site operation should be stopped, and the relevant departments should be reported to discuss the solution.

Engineering example 1 of the present invention

Baoneng Century City project east area hotel and office building project

The hotel and office building project in the east area of the Baoneng Century City project is located at the junction of Ganjiangyuan Avenue and Ruijin Road, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province. The structural system of this project is a steel concrete column frame tube structure; the number of floors is 43 floors above ground and 3 floors underground, and the total height of the building structure is 182.05m. Building use function: hotel, office and supporting facilities. The total construction area on the ground is 66035.91㎡, the building base area is 1862.33㎡, the main building is a 43-story office building and hotel, with a floor height of 3.9~6.55m, a total height of 182.05m, a basement with 3 floors, a height of 15.2m, and a frame structure. Located in a commercial downtown area, there are many residential buildings around, and the construction site is small. The project started in January 2016 and was completed in July 2018.

Due to the influence of address conditions and surrounding environmental factors in this project, -2 and -3 floors are constructed using the reverse method. According to the construction needs of the reverse method, the columns on the -2 and -3 floors are poured to the bottom of the beams on the -1 floor at one time, and the beam-slab structure on the -2 floor needs to be poured later. All adopt this method of construction, and have achieved good economic and social benefits.

Engineering example 2 of the present invention

Foshan Baoneng Financial Building Project

The Foshan Baoneng Financial Building Project is located at the northeast corner of the intersection of Lingnan Avenue and Fuhua Road, Foshan Xincheng, Foshan City, Guangdong Province. This project has 3 floors underground, 31 floors above ground, 149.5m, and a total construction area of 81959.34㎡, including 19791.72㎡ underground and 62167.62㎡ above ground. The project is a frame-core tube structure, which started in September 2014 and was completed in July 2017. Due to the limitation of the surrounding environment, the -2 and -3 floors are constructed by the reverse method, which saves the construction cost, increases the effective use area of the basement by the reverse method, and achieves good economic and social benefits.

This construction method not only guarantees the construction progress, but also achieves very large economic benefits, with a profit of 20%. At the same time, it passed the final acceptance inspection of project quality, and all met the design and specification requirements, with a pass rate of 100%, indicating that this construction method has broad application prospects in reverse construction.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of reverse construction method of building basement structure, which, which uses, pours ground in earlier molding pile hole After flowering structure pile, then the method for carrying out underground structure part adverse construction method is realized, it is characterised in that: the construction method by with Lower step is realized:

The pile hole construction of basement structure is carried out on step 1. ground, and retaining wall processing, pile are carried out to the pile hole of formation In the construction of hole, pile hole is divided into basement space size stake holes part below and passes through the post holes portion of basement space size Point, the pillar for being greater than 0.8-1.2 meters of pillar overall size for passing through the aperture size of post holes part of basement space size Construction space；

Step 2. stake concreting: stake steel reinforcement cage is fitted in place in stake holes partial hole, the errorless after-pouring stake of multiple line Core concrete, at stake concreting to pillar joint bar anchored end bottom absolute altitude, the secondary pouring stake after the binding installation of column joint bar Sub- concrete is to designed elevation；

Step 3. pillar concreting:

Pillar reinforcing bar is tied up, the binding of column tie-bar is carried out in the post holes of post holes part, when the binding of pillar reinforcing bar is installed, according to ground Lower floor absolute altitude and design position install the horizontal embedded ribs of fixed underground room exterior wall and pillar hoop shearing resistance embedded ribs；

Fixed post template is installed, the installation of post template is fixed, by stencil design requirements in the post holes of post holes part under oneself And upper progress；

Pillar concrete is poured to pillar designed elevation in the fixed post template of installation；

Step 4. basement negative one layer structure excavation of earthwork is removed；

After the completion of stake concrete and pillar concreting, using mechanical and artificial combination to basement negative one layer structure Excavation of earthwork is removed, and is excavated and is carried out Demolition Construction to the post template of negative one layer after removing；

Step 5. basement negative one layer exterior wall concrete structure construction；

It should be inserted into external wall construction in time in basement negative one layer structure excavation of earthwork reset procedure, each construction height should regard week Side soil body situation scene is determined that exterior wall horizontal reinforcement is reserved when constructing using the method and pillar of single-selded lap joint by design specification Muscle welding, when upper section Retaining wall, should reserve vertical bar and connect with lower section vertical bar, horizontal steel plate for sealing water or waterproof groove is arranged；

Step 6. basement structure construction；

After the completion of basement negative one layer excavation of earthwork is removed, according to substrate soil property situation casting concrete bed course, cushion thickness is answered Meet rigidity requirement, prevents basement negative one layer roof plate template from sinking, bed course absolute altitude should be with the minus two floors board bottom absolute altitude of basement Unanimously, crossbeam, floor construction shuttering supporting bottom of upright rod should add backing plate, prevent bed course part differential settlement, carry out underground Room negative one floor crossbeam, floor construction concreting；

Construction is removed in the minus two layers of excavation of earthwork of step 7. basement；

After basement negative one layer crossbeam, floor construction concrete reach the strength of mould stripping of code requirement, supporting frame is removed, into The excavation of earthwork of two layers of row underground is removed, and the excavation of earthwork removing of two layers of underground is tunneling, using the stage excavation earthwork, every thickness degree Less than 1 meter, the foundation pit side of earth excavation and exterior wall back gauge are not less than 2 meters, and grade of side slope should meet nature according to soil property situation The slope requirement of slope pours minus two layers of coagulation according to substrate soil property situation after the completion of the minus two layers of excavation of earthwork of basement is removed Soil padding；

Minus two layers of the crossbeam of step 8. basement, floor construction construction；

The negative two-layer structure crossbeam of basement, floor slab construction are carried out on the minus two layer concretes bed course of basement, due to basement column Sub construction in advance, and each layer crossbeam in underground, floor successively pour from top to bottom with soil excavation progress, by reserving shearing resistance on column Frictional force between reinforcing bar and ring beam and pillar bears basement floor live load and self weight, crossbeam, the floor of every layer of basement Structural concrete, which pours, answers synchronous construction.

2. a kind of reverse construction method of building basement structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: repeat to walk Rapid 7 and step 8, realize the construction of basement multilayer.