RU2287438C2 - Device for protecting vehicle against sliding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automotive industry.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises cantilever with grips and inner and outer links. The links are connected with each other and with the cantilever via axles provided with springs. The inner links are provided with adjusting screws for changing the angle between the links. The hollow sections of the outer links are provided with pins and rollers to exclude a contact of the hollow section of the link with the tyre and fastening members for the blocks. The device is additionally provided with locator for setting the links in operation position.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability .

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices, mechanisms, parts of machines used in mechanical engineering to increase the coefficient of friction of adhesion, which allows to reduce the number of accidents on roads in the autumn-winter period when driving on a rammed snowy road and ice.

The device is installed on the wheels of passenger cars and on utility vehicles with one ramp on the hubs of the rear wheels, as well as on trucks with two wheels on the hubs of the axle shafts.

Manufacturers produce many different tires with different tread patterns and for different purposes, they are divided into road, universal, winter and others. The road tire provides reliable adhesion to hard, dry and wet surfaces. Universal tires are designed for driving on dirt roads. Winter tires have less road contact than road tires. They are recommended for use with spikes. Radial tires, in which soft sidewalls allow to increase the contact area, are described in [1].

All of these tires have a big drawback, they can not provide good grip on a snowy rammed road and in icy conditions (with icing, slippery increases by 5-10 times). The difference between them: unequal contact area with the road, service life, their purpose for different roads and so on. Driving on icy roads on a flat road, they resort to improvised means, help from outsiders and sand if the driver carries it in the trunk. When driving on a slippery road, the car not only skids, but still skids, not every driver can cope with skidding, which leads to collisions and deaths [2].

To increase the friction coefficient of adhesion, tires with a winter tread pattern are studded. The spikes consist of a housing and a shaft; the housing is sometimes made of plastic. When riding with a slip and sharp braking, they break out of the tread. Worn spikes are not restored [3]. The installation of chains, all kinds of bracelets and other things on the wheels does not always allow the design of the machines, and if it does, it is necessary to suspend the wheel, which will take a lot of time, if necessary, you cannot put such devices in the transport position.

The proposed anti-skid device is installed on the wheels of cars and serves as an additional wheel contact when driving on slippery roads. The device contains a bracket on which captures and working links are attached, which are folded, which frees up space in the trunk.

The device consists of a bracket with eyes, in which internal links are fixed. The inner and outer links, interconnected, make up one pair of links that accepts the workload. The bracket has a tapered ring to center the device on the disc hub. The ring and eyes simultaneously serve as stiffeners of the bracket. Using the lock, the working links are installed in the transport position. The roller excludes touching the entire area of the hollow part of the link with the tire. With the help of persistent bolts, the grips enter the gaps in the hub of the disks, fixing the device. On the outer links are spikes that increase contact with the road. On the internal links there are adjusting screws that allow you to change the angle between the internal and external links in the direction of reduction. If there is ice on the road covered with a little damp (wet) snow, then the slippery of the road increases by 5-10 times. For this, an additional link (shoe) is provided, it is installed on the external link and secured with dummy bolts having left and right threads. Depending on the diameter of the wheels, the device can be larger or smaller and with two, three or more pairs of working links, the number of grips increases accordingly. The ends of the grips may vary depending on the gaps in the hubs of the discs. If the design of the machine allows, the device can be mounted on all four wheels.

The anti-slip device has many advantages: it is installed with any type of tire, the installation time is 2-3 minutes, it is not necessary to carry sand and resort to improvised means and services of outsiders. When driving and braking the car does not skid. Tamped raw snow and ice are formed on the roads in places, where the road is clear, the working links are put into transport position, without removing the device from the wheel, the setting time is 5-10 s, the same amount of time will be taken to put them into working position. In the trunk takes up little space, which allows you to carry it in the winter constantly. On particularly slippery roads, in order to increase the friction coefficient of adhesion, an additional shoe with spikes is installed, worn spikes are restored. The shoes are mounted on the external links without removing the device from the wheel. There are voids on the external links to balance the device; they are also designed to increase the mass of links if necessary. If the wheels are alloy or shaped with needles or the disk has an odd number of gaps, then they can be replaced.

Figure 1 shows the frontal projection of the device with two pairs of working links. The bracket has a hole in the middle for passage of the hub caps of the axles of the wheels, if any. External links also have holes through which snow is removed, lumps trapped between the tire and the link.

Figure 2 shows a profile projection of the device with a cut, as well as the shape of the brackets, which can be for different designs of disks. The angle between the internal and external links is constant, it changes only to decrease.

Figure 3 - device mounted on the hub of the disk, one pair of links is in the working position, the other is in the transport state. Shows a section of the wheel and tire.

An additional removable shoe, shown in figure 4, mounted on the outer link, is located above the tread of the tire. It can be of different lengths, that is, it can cover a section of the tread along the entire width or half of it. The shoe has, in addition to the studs, openings for the exit of objects caught between the tire tread and the shoe.

The anti-slip device for vehicles contains an arm 1 (Fig. 1) made of sheet metal, it has eyes 16 and additional eyes 12, a nut 2 with a stop bolt 19, grips 10 on the axles, casings 9, closing springs, an adjusting screw 4, which changes the angle between the links, the latch 14 with the dog 5, the spring 3 with the left and right coils, gussets 6, components with nuts and bushings of the gripping axis as a whole, internal 7 and external 8 links connected by an axis, additional eyes 11 of link 7, bolts plugs 24, holes 25 in the outer link 8, on which the spikes 20 and the stop visor 17, the roller 13 with the tire 21 are touched, the roller is fixed in the hollow part of the external link 8, the disk 22 with the openings 23 in the hub, the conical ring 15 on the bracket 1, the additional shoe 26 with spikes, fixed on the external link 8 (figure 4).

Figure 5 shows the hub 27 of the wheels of trucks with the device.

The anti-slip device of cars (figure 3) contains one pair of links in the working position, the other in the transport. To install the device on the wheel, it does not need to be suspended, it is necessary to put the links in the transport position, the stop bolts should not protrude from the nuts. In this position, pressing the ends of the grippers to the nuts, insert them into the hub of the disk, the conical ring on the bracket centers the device in the hub. Pulling the ends of the grips towards the latch with the simultaneous rotation of the device, the grips enter the lumens of the hubs, discs, they are pressed and counter-pressed with thrust bolts. When installing, the bracket should not rest on the pump nipple and on the wheel balancing weights. Raising the outer link and pressing the lock dog, remove a pair of links from the transport position.

The clamping of the working links to the road occurs due to centrifugal force and springs, as well as due to the increase in mass of the external link, voids are provided for this. If one wheel stalled, then the other starts to rotate at double speed, which increases the pressure of the links to the road. When attempting to skid, the link with spikes is, as it were, tightened under the tire tread, which helps to prevent skidding. The angle between the links prevents contact with the sidewalls of the tires and prevents the axles from being in the same straight line, which can lead to damage to the device. Tire inflation should be slightly higher than recommended by the factory.

For very slippery roads, it is advisable to install the shoes on the external links, which allows to increase the coefficient of adhesion.

The speed and distance with the device installed when driving on a slippery road, recommended by the rules, must be respected.

The prototype is manufactured and is being tested.

Used Books

1. The car "Lada", Ya.M. Vaysman, B.I. Gorenkov. Publishing house "Transport", 1986

2. "Car", K.S. Shestopalov. Moscow, DOSAAF Publishing House of the USSR, 1979

3. Car: Design Basics. Moscow, publishing house "Engineering", 1966

Claims (2)

1. The anti-slip device of cars, made with the possibility of fixing on the wheel hub, comprising a bracket with grippers and internal and external links, characterized in that the links are interconnected with the bracket by axles with springs, while the internal links have adjusting screws for changing the angle between the links, and on the external hollow parts of the links are spikes, rollers to prevent touching the entire area of the hollow part of the link with the tire, and mounts for shoes. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a latch for installing the links in the transport position.

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