RU2286457C1 - Pillar removal method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining, particularly for underground ore deposit mining.

SUBSTANCE: method involves isolating pillars in block with the use of webs; filling goaf; forming preparation development workings; drilling wells; loading pillars with charge; blasting pillars; discharging and delivering ore mass. The pillars are isolated with flexible netted webs having cell dimensions equal to 0.7 of central filling particle diameter. Separation strips are simultaneously installed between the webs. The distribution strips are connected with each other by means of connection and load-bearing ropes fastened to roof. Goaf is filled with loose filling material. Pillars are blasted simultaneously in the whole block. Ore is discharged from each pillar over the full block section in equal portions. The web may be formed of Rabitz type steel-wire fabric or of polymeric net.

EFFECT: reduced labor inputs for filling work performing and increased safety thereof.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for the extraction of pillars.

A known method of seizure of pillars (AS No. 1786261, E 21 C 41/16, 01/07/1993, bull. No. 1). The method of excavating the pillars includes conducting excavations that outline the excavation section, installing leach reagent supply systems, drilling the pillars with boreholes, destroying pillars surrounded by covering and underlying rocks, blasting wells, erecting solution-proof barriers, extracting useful components from the destroyed ore by pumping the leaching part of the reagent to pump and removal of useful components through the outlet of the system, and according to the invention in order to reduce losses climbed of the component and environmental damage due to the prevention of leaks of the leaching reagent enriched with the useful component into the underlying rocks, the solution-tight barriers are erected until the pillars are destroyed by pouring the soil of the excavated section with concrete mixture and concreting contouring borders on it with a height equal to the height of the pile of the destroyed pillar ore, pillar base within The area contoured by the curbs is drilled with injection wells and the entire cracks are injected through them. after filling the concrete and the hardening composition, the pillars are destroyed and the overlying rocks collapse, then useful components are extracted from the destroyed ore by supplying a leaching reagent for the collapsed rocks and their removal. The disadvantage of this method is the high cost of extracting pillars due to the use of hardening bookmarks and leaching reagents.

A known method of seizure of pillars adopted for the prototype (RF patent No. 2055201, E 21 C 41/22, publ. 1996.02.27). The method includes insulating the pillars with an insulating material, which is made in the form of a single canvas with air-filled pillows or ridges located on it and is attached to the pillar in its upper and lower parts by cables so that the canvas is on the outside of the pillar, laying the worked out space with a hardening bookmark, pre-cut workings, drilling, loading and blasting of wells (holes) as a whole, release and delivery of ore mass. The disadvantage of this method is the high cost of extracting the pillars due to the use of hardening bookmarks.

The technical result of the method is to reduce the cost of extracting pillars through the use of bulk bookmarks, cheaper than a hardening bookmark.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of excavating the pillars, including isolating the pillars with canvases in the block, laying the mined-out space, carrying out pre-cut workings, drilling wells, loading and blasting the pillars, releasing and delivering ore mass, according to the invention, pillars are isolated with flexible mesh sheets with a mesh size equal to 0.7 of the average diameter of the bookmark pieces, at the same time, distribution strips are connected between the webs and pillars, interconnected by connecting and suschimi cables, the latter being fastened in the roof and then filled goaf granular bookmarked pillars blown simultaneously throughout the block, and the ore is discharged equal doses of each pillar across the unit area.

The method is also characterized by the fact that as the paintings use a metal mesh-netting.

The method is also characterized in that a polymer mesh is used as the webs.

The application of the invention in comparison with the prototype can reduce the cost of extracting pillars through the use of bulk bookmarks.

The method of removing the pillars is illustrated by the diagrams: in Fig. 1, the step of isolating the pillars in the block, section BB, Fig. 2 shows the step of isolating the pillars in the block, section AA, Fig. 3 shows the tab of the block, section BB , figure 4 shows the tab of the block, section aa, figure 5 shows the extraction of pillars, section bB, figure 6 shows the extraction of pillars, section aa, where:

1 - flexible mesh cloths;

2 - pillars with flexible mesh sheets 1 fixed thereon;

3 - bearing cables;

4 - connecting cables;

5 - distribution strips, for example of iron, fixed on opposite sides of adjacent pillars 2 under flexible mesh webs 1;

6 - preparatory rifling workings;

7 - loose bookmark.

The method of excavation of pillars is as follows. In the worked-out space of the block, on the pillars 2 are fixed, for example, flexible mesh cloths 1 from anchor strips, which are connected when interconnected by, for example, knitting wire, with anchors. The mesh sizes of the flexible mesh webs 1 are taken to be less than or equal to 0.7 of the average diameter of the pieces of the loose bookmark 7 to ensure minimum dilution of the ore mined from the pillars by 2 pieces of the loose bookmark 7. Distribution strips 5, mounted on opposite sides of the adjacent pillars 2 are placed under the flexible mesh canvases 1 before isolation of pillars 2 or simultaneously with it. Distribution strips 5 are necessary for uniform distribution of the load over the area of their contact with flexible mesh sheets 1. After that, the load-bearing cables 3 are fixed in the roof of the chamber to the required depth, which depends on the load on the weight of the loose bookmark 7, and they are connected to the connecting cables 4 fixed to distribution strips 5. Connecting cables 4 can be installed in the upper and middle parts of the pillars 2. After that, the worked-out space of the block is filled with a loose bookmark 7, supplied, for example, through wells from the surface or using throwing stitching machines. As a loose bookmark 7, you can use the tailings of dressing plants from dumps or rocks from the excavation of excavations or mined in special quarries. Then (or simultaneously) with the filing of the bookmark 7 spend preparatory rifling workings 6 (for example, drifts, races, arches, funnels). Of these, drilling wells, loading and blasting pillars 2 (not conventionally shown in the diagrams) are carried out. Exploding the pillars 2 is carried out simultaneously over the entire area of the block to ensure the smallest load on the flexible mesh cloths 1. After blasting in the block due to the fact that the distribution strips 5 are installed behind the flexible mesh cloths 1 and interconnected by connecting cables 4 installed in the upper and lower parts of the pillars 2, the cables 4 begin to work in tension and hold the loose tab 7 from penetrating into the destroyed pillars 2. Bearing cables 3 are necessary to compensate for the possible vertical movements of the soybean immovable cables 4 as the pillars 2 are released and delivered. After that, ore mined from pillars 2 is released in equal doses from each pillar 2 over the entire block area to ensure the greatest stability of the system, consisting of cables 3, 4, distribution strips 5 and flexible mesh canvases 1. A loose bookmark 7 is cheaper than a hardening bookmark due to the absence of astringent ingredients, which significantly reduces the cost of extracting the pillars 2. As a flexible mesh cloths 1, you can use a metal mesh netting or polymer weave, as they have the necessary properties for the installation and isolation of pillars 2.

The use of this method of extraction of pillars provides the following advantages:

- reducing the cost of extracting pillars;

- reduction of the complexity of the laying work;

- improving the safety of laying operations,

Claims (3)

1. The method of excavation of pillars, including isolating pillars with canvases in the block, laying the mined-out space, carrying out preparatory rifling workings, drilling wells, loading and blasting pillars, production and delivery of ore mass, characterized in that the pillars are insulated with flexible mesh sheets with a mesh size, equal to 0.7 of the average diameter of the bookmark pieces, at the same time, distribution strips are connected between the canvases and the pillars, interconnected by connecting and supporting cables, the latter being fixed to the roof e, after which the granular fill goaf bookmarked pillars blown simultaneously throughout the block, and the ore is discharged equal doses of each pillar across the unit area. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a metal mesh netting is used as the web. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer network is used as a web.

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