RU2281633C2 - Working tool for non-moldboard soil cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: working tool has flat hoe fixed on frame by means of tine. Spaced apart knives are arranged forward of and above flat hoe, throughout its width in longitudinal direction. Undercutting plates are fixed on lower part of knives, above their points at height constituting from 1/3 to 1/2 the cultivation depth of main hoe. Knives are arranged in horizontal plane along line defining an angle congruent with an angle defined by cutting edge of flat hoe. As a result of dividing main soil layer by means of undercutting plates into two horizontal layers, cutting of top layer with knives and incising of lower layer by knives points, binding of adjacent soil tapes and layers is broken. During transporting of thus cut soil layer through flat hoe, said soil layer exercises compressive deformation in longitudinal and transverse-vertical planes.

EFFECT: improved quality of soil crumbling as compared to conventional soil cultivation process performed by means of flat hoe.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used for basic subsurface tillage while maintaining stubble.

Known working body of the cultivator-ripper for soilless tillage, containing a rack with fixed on its lower base flat-cutting paw [1].

The disadvantage of this working body is the insufficient crumbling of the cultivated soil layer.

Also known is the working body for subsurface tillage, consisting of flat vertical knives and teeth installed behind them [2].

This working body does not provide loosening of the treated formation in its entire volume.

The closest in technical essence is the working body, including the rack and mounted on it flat-cutting paw with vertical discs [3].

This working body does not provide high-quality crumbling, as it loosens only the lower horizon of the treated soil layer, with the formation of large blocks on its surface.

The objective of the invention is to improve the quality of crumbling during subsurface tillage.

The proposed working body, as well as known, contains a flat-cutting paw, mounted on the frame by means of a rack. In contrast to the known, in the proposed working body, in front of and above the plane-cutting paws along the entire width of the latter, knives are placed longitudinally, spaced at intervals relative to each other, mounted on the frame. At the same time, on the lower part of the knives, above their ends, there are fixed cutting legs located above the plane-cutting legs at 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the working stroke depth of the latter. Moreover, the knives are placed along a line forming an angle congruent to the angle formed by the cutting edge of the flat-cut legs.

The set of features of the proposed device solves the problem of the invention as follows. Cutting paws cut the cultivated soil layer into two horizontal layers, the upper of which is divided by vertical knives into longitudinal tapes, and on the lower - vertical slots are cut from above by the ends of the knives. As a result, in the upper soil layer raised by the main paw, faults are formed not only in the transverse vertical, but also in the longitudinally vertical planes. Moreover, the lower soil layer with slits notched above, when transported through a flat-cutting leg, breaks into separate aggregates along the longitudinal and transverse vertical planes, while such breaking of the lower layer is reliably ensured due to the fact that the vertical slots are concentrators of additional stress. The installation of the knives in a line forming an angle congruent to the angle formed by the cutting edge of the plane-cutting paws determines the consistency of the interaction of the plane-cutting paws and knives with cutting legs. The installation of cutting paws above the plane-cutting paws at 1 / 2-1 / 3 of the depth of the working stroke of the latter determines the reliability of the mentioned interaction.

Also, vertical knives act as stabilizers when working on slopes, which increases the stability of the soil cultivation process.

Figure 1 shows the working body, side view; figure 2 is the same, a top view.

The proposed working body for subsurface cultivation of the soil includes a flat-cutting paw 2, mounted on the frame 1 by means of a rack 3, and in front of and above the flat-cutting paws across the entire width of the latter are knives 4, made in the form of longitudinally vertical plates placed at intervals relative to each other, fixed on the frame 1. At the same time, cutting legs 5 are made on the lower part of the vertical knives 4, made in the form of horizontal arrow-shaped plates located above the plane-cutting legs 2 by 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the working stroke depth p more recent. Vertical knives 4 are placed along a line forming an angle congruent to the angle formed by the cutting edge of the plane-cutting paws.

The working body works as follows. When the working body moves, the knives 4 cut the upper soil layer together with the root system in the form of tapes at 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the depth of the main flat-cutting paw 2. When vertically cutting the upper layer of the layer, the knives 4 cut the root plexus of plants between adjacent formed soil tapes. In addition, the base of the knives 4 are cut from above large blocks of the main cultivated soil layer. The cutting legs 5 are trimmed and partially sheared in the horizontal plane by the knives of the formation tape cut by knives, forming a cleavage line in the stub layer. Thus, the soil tapes cut in the vertical plane are chipped off at their base and in the horizontal plane and are separated from the treated soil layer. Narrow tapes of the treated layer are formed with a height equal to 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the depth of travel of the flat-cutting paws 2 and a width equal to the distance between the knives 4. The ends of the knives 4 protruding under the cutting legs 5 cut the soil under the formation cut by these legs. Following the knives 4 and cutting legs 5, a plane-cutting paw 2 cuts the entire cultivated soil layer from below and raises it. Since the upper part of the formation is cut into tapes, the connection between adjacent tapes is broken, and large blocks of the main cultivated soil layer are cut by the lower ends of the knives 4, then when the formation is raised with a flat-cutting paw 2, it finally breaks into strips in the transverse vertical plane. The soil layer, in the form of separate tapes that are not interconnected, is transported through a flat-cutting paw 2. In this case, the soil layer tapes undergo compression deformation and subsequent stretching during transportation through the paw and are easily broken in comparison with a wide layer.

At the same time, the quality of the crumbling of the soil during non-mold cultivation increases.

In the device, the knives 4 are placed along a line forming an angle congruent to the angle formed by the cutting edge of the plane-cutting legs 2. This arrangement ensures the coordination of the interaction of the plane-cutting legs 2 and knives 4 with the cutting legs 5. That is, the soil cultivation process is consistent in all the longitudinally vertical planes of the processed layer where the knives are placed 4.

Information sources

1. USSR copyright certificate No. 436626, cl. A 01 B 35/26, 1973.

2. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 335994, cl. A 01 B 35/32, 1972.

3. USSR copyright certificate No. 733531, cl. A 01 B 35/32, 1980.

Claims (1)

A working body for subsurface tillage, including a flat-cutting paw fixed to the frame by means of a stand, characterized in that in front of and above the flat-cutting paw along the entire width of the latter, knives are installed placed at intervals relative to each other, mounted on the frame, this on the lower part of the knives above their ends fixed cutting legs located above the flat-cutting legs at 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the depth of the working stroke of the latter, and the knives are placed along the line forming an angle, congruen at the angle formed by the cutting edge of the plane-cutting paws.

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