RU2281170C2 - Grain cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cleaning of grain and seeds of crops. Proposed machine contains frame, drive, intake hopper, aspiration system, settling chamber, cleaner shoe with working sieves and sieve cleaning members installed for vibration. Proposed cleaner shoe is made two-tier, in form of longitudinal bars and cross rods fitted in bars to form support grid for cleaning members. Longitudinal bars are clamped in vertical plane by studs with upper ends projecting over bars. Pressure strips are fitted on projecting ends of studs. Working sieves are clamped by means of studs between said strips and longitudinal bars. Cleaning members are arranged between cross rods and working sieves. Glass plastic is used to manufacture cross rods.

EFFECT: reduced mass of cleaner shoes, simplified design, reduced grain losses owing to improved quality and efficiency of aspiration process.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to machines for processing grain and seeds.

From the patent literature, there are known grain cleaning machines containing a receiving hopper, two lattice mills located one above the other, the upper of which has a sloping grain board, and the lower one is made of two tiers of sieves, on the lower sieve of which a pitched chute is installed, and an air system purification having a fan (see RF patent No. 2073410, 1992).

Known machines for cleaning and sorting grain containing a frame, drive, suction system and sieve mills.

Sieve mills are made in the form of two sidewalls connected by cross members. The sieves are fastened in the sieve mills using special frames (cassettes), and the sieves are first inserted into the frame, after which the frame is mounted in the sieve mill. To clean the sieves from clogging, brushes and rubber balls are used, and nets or special perforated sheets (fordons) are used as a support for the balls. Fordons are mounted in sieves mills under the working sieves at a distance greater than the diameter of the balls so that when the mills oscillate, the balls oscillate between the fordon and sieve and, striking the last bottom, knock out particles stuck in the holes (prototype, see the book Machines for post-harvest grain processing. M .: Agropromizdat, 1987, p. 58-59).

General design flaws of the sieve mills of known machines are their large mass, the complexity and the complexity of manufacturing. These disadvantages are due to the fact that the main elements of the mills: sidewalls, cross members, sieve frames and fordons must have high stiffness and strength, and consequently, weight, since when storing these elements in a single sieve mill, their rigidity increases slightly.

The invention is aimed at facilitating, simplifying and increasing the length of sieve mills.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the sieve mills are made of two-tier longitudinal bars, for example wooden, and transverse rods inserted into these bars with a given pitch. These rods act as crossbars, providing strength and rigidity of the sieve mill, and the rods can be made of light and hard material, such as fiberglass, inserted tightly into the holes of the longitudinal wooden bars. Due to this, without any additional fastenings, a simple, rigid and cheap design of the sieve mill is provided.

To prevent splitting of the longitudinal wooden bars with a large number of transverse rods inserted with interference, the longitudinal bars are pulled together in a vertical plane by studs. The ends of the studs may protrude above the upper edge of the bars. Clamping rails are put on these ends of the studs, designed to clamp the sieves laid on the longitudinal bars.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

Figure 1 shows a General view of the proposed machine;

Figure 2 is a cross section of a sieve mill along aa in Figure 1.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A grain cleaning machine, including a frame, a drive, a hopper, an aspiration system, a precipitation chamber, a sieve mill with working sieves and cleaning elements for sieves installed with the possibility of oscillation, the sieve mill is made two-tier in the form of longitudinal bars and transverse rods inserted into them with the formation of a support lattice for cleaning elements, while the longitudinal bars in the vertical plane are pulled together with studs with upper ends protruding above the bars; many racks and between these rails and longitudinal bars through the pins are clamped working sieves, and cleaning elements are placed between the transverse rods and working sieves.

The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that fiberglass is used as the material for the transverse rods.

The technical result achieved by the invention consists in reducing the mass of sieve mills, simplifying the design, reducing grain losses by improving the quality and efficiency of the aspiration process and reducing energy costs, as well as in simplifying and increasing the length of sieve mills

The grain cleaning machine contains a frame 1, a drive 2, sieve mills 3 and an aspiration system 4.

Sieve mills 3 consist of: longitudinal bars, for example wooden, 5, in which transverse rods 6 are inserted with interference, forming a support grid for cleaning elements 7 (balls). The longitudinal bars in the vertical plane are pulled together by pins 8, the upper ends of which protrude above the longitudinal bar 5. The clamping rails 9 are put on these ends and working sieves 10 are clamped between these rails and longitudinal bars 5 by means of pins 8.

Machine for cleaning grain works as follows. The initial grain mixture is fed to the beginning of the upper sieve mill, where light impurities are sucked out of it by the aspiration system 4. Next, the grain mixture enters the working sieves 10 sieve mills 3 and is divided into fractions, which are separately removed from the machine. The cleaning elements 7 (balls) during oscillation of the sieve mills 3 oscillate between the transverse rods 6 and the sieves 10, knocking stuck grains out of the holes. The sieve 10 is tightly pressed against the longitudinal bars 5 by pressure rails 9 with the help of hairpins 8, which eliminates sugaring and provides a predetermined distance between the sieves 10 and rods 6.

Claims (2)

1. A machine for cleaning grain, including a frame, a drive, a hopper, an aspiration system, a precipitation chamber, a sieve mill with working sieves and cleaning elements for sieves installed with the possibility of oscillation, and the sieve mill is made two-tier in the form of longitudinal bars and inserted into them transverse rods with the formation of a support lattice for cleaning elements, while the longitudinal bars in the vertical plane are pulled together by studs with upper ends protruding above the bars, onto the protruding ends of the studs above you clamping rail and between the slats and the longitudinal bars are clamped by studs working sieve and purification elements are arranged between the transverse rods and working sieves. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that fiberglass is used as the material for the transverse rods.

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