RU2281132C2 - Method for immediate extinguishment of large-scale local or other fires - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting, particularly to extinguish forest and subterranean fires.

SUBSTANCE: method involves manufacturing fire-extinguishing bombs filled with fire-extinguishant, wherein the fire-extinguishant includes powder, liquid fire-suppression enveloping blasting substances (sand, gravel, carbon dioxide, alkali, water, granular explosives and so on) made as balls with 80-100 mm diameters; delivering the bombs to fire site by helicopters or other vehicles in amount depending on fire area; actuating the bombs in two stages. At the first stage hollow-charge and ordinary shells are blasted. Then fire-extinguishant is prepared, rotated and thrown downwards. At the same time accelerating explosion cartridges having corresponding depressions are blasted and shock wave formed as a result of the explosion impacts on above fire-extinguishant to accelerate thereof and to provide fire-extinguishant penetration through flame. All impacts of liquid droplets, gravel particles and micro-explosions knock down flame base and isolate burning surface from flame to suppress fire.

EFFECT: reduced time of rotating fire-extinguishant jet penetration through conflagration to burning objects.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for extinguishing powerful local or other fires, for example, extinguishing large containers with a combustible substance, as well as extinguishing wooden structures (like the Manege building in Moscow) and large forest fires.

Currently, fires at such facilities are extinguished by jets of water, foam, carbon dioxide, emitted from hundreds of fire engines, helicopters, amphibians and airplanes to a raging flame from above. In the air, these substances are sprayed, and, falling on a raging flame, evaporate without causing sufficient harm to the fire.

The total limited performance of all the fire engines used in the fire is comparatively small with the need for extinguishing liquid, which is necessary for the full filling of the raging flame from above - from the most disadvantageous side of the fire.

So, for example, to extinguish forest fires using an amphibious aircraft, the following conditions are necessary: large reservoirs for water intake, a small distance from the reservoir to burning forests, a large area of the burning forest.

For these reasons, extinguishing powerful local fires, including forest fires with large trees, lasts for many hours and days.

These drawbacks are deprived of the known methods of extinguishing fires, aimed at suppressing the flame, but not providing, at the same time, effective instant fire extinguishing.

So, for example, known from the patent of Russia No. 2111032, class. A 62 C 3/02, publ. 05/20/1998, a method of extinguishing powerful local fires requires the use of a significant number of fire suppression devices, bombs; the fire will be extinguished when their total power is many times greater than the power of the fire.

Disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 10015110, Cl. A 62 C 39/00, publ. 01/20/1998, the method of extinguishing a fire is also not effective enough, since the fight is conducted with a raging flame, an explosion of a series of explosive charges over the flame.

In US patent No. 5894892, CL. A 62 C 8/00, publ. 04/20/1999 describes a method of extinguishing fires using an exploding bomb that has passed the flame of a fire. However, the use of such a bomb for extinguishing, for example, oil and gasoline is very dangerous, since the explosion of a bomb over oil will cause the latter to spray, and, as a result, a multiple increase in the fire.

A known method of extinguishing a fire using a fire-extinguishing bomb filled with a fire-suppressing and enveloping mixture obtained by detonating a series of charges placed in the bomb (Chinese patent No. 1476911, class A 62 C 19/00, publ. 25.02.2004). However, in this bomb charges explode to obtain a mixture and its direction to the fire flame without rotation.

In the invention by A.S. USSR No. 1789232, class A 62 C 2/00, publ. 01/23/1993, a method for localizing and extinguishing forest fires is disclosed, according to which at different times the temperature sensors of fire suppression elements that are suspended in different temperature conditions along the height of the forest fire are activated.

As the closest analogue, the method of vertical fire extinguishing, fire localization according to the patent of Russia No. 2130793, class. A 62 C 3/00, publ. 05/27/1999. According to this invention, a continuous conical tented ceiling created by a gas-dynamic flow should suppress a powerful upward flow of a high-temperature flame.

The fundamental difference of this invention is that the above inventions are aimed at suppressing a flame, and the present invention is primarily aimed at ensuring that a rotating fire extinguishing mixture instantly passes through a raging flame and collapses on objects of combustion. This will immediately stop the oxygen supply and, accordingly, stop burning.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a method for instantly extinguishing powerful local and other fires, ensuring the collapse using the energy of the explosion of a fire-extinguishing, enveloping explosive mixture. She, having broken through like a bullet or a shell, through a high-temperature raging flame, will cover objects of combustion, exploding and extinguishing them.

The solution to the problem is provided by the fact that the method of instantly extinguishing powerful local and other fires is carried out in the following ways: a rotating fire-extinguishing mixture is brought down at a supersonic speed with a shock wave, which is formed in a fire-extinguishing bomb delivered to the required position due to the first explosion of cumulative charges placed in the bomb, the supersonic speed of this mixture is reported by a second explosion of charges placed in the bomb with recesses.

To solve this problem, the helicopter, depending on the area of ignition, picks up the required number of fire-extinguishing bombs, stops above the fire, descends to a safe height and detonates them in two stages using the short-blast method.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a sectional view of a fire-extinguishing bomb.

The bomb is delivered to the place of fire by helicopters or other machines using a cable 1, wires 2, 3 are shown nearby for supplying electrical impulses from the helicopter cabin to cumulative 5 and a simple 4 explosive charges.

In a checkerboard pattern, containers (bags) with gravel, sand, carbon dioxide, alkali, water, granular explosives and other fire extinguishing agents are suspended on the entire inner surface of the body.

The initially exploded cumulative charges 5 are located partially radially, partially in a circle so as to ensure the breaking of all containers with extinguishing materials, their mixing and rotation. The energy of these charges is directed to the lower parts of the bags filled with sand.

The conical body is made of a lightweight, durable composite material with holes for laying electrical wires and passing explosive gases.

Instant fire extinguishing is carried out as follows: after delivery to the required position, by launching an explosive machine inside the helicopter cockpit, primary charges 5 explode, the bags rupture and all components inside the body mix and rotate with the beginning of the fall.

After a short period of time, charges with recesses 4 explode, with their supersonic downward-directed shock wave, the entire fire-extinguishing rotating mixture falls on the raging flame, passes through it and envelops the objects of combustion during continuous microexplosions of the granules.

All these blows from liquid droplets, balls, from mechanical particles, microexplosions immediately knock down the base of the flame from the combustion surface and thus instantly extinguish fires of any force.

All insulating fire extinguishing substances - sand, gravel, talc, explosives, as well as diluting ones - carbon dioxide and others, are placed in balls of 80-100 mm in size with the aim of their delivery without loss to the objects of combustion and their impact on them to break and envelop the objects of combustion .

In this form, they can be thrown unhindered through a powerful ascending stream of high-temperature flame.

Claims (2)

1. A method of extinguishing powerful local and other fires, characterized in that a rotating fire-extinguishing mixture is brought down at a supersonic speed by a shock wave. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating extinguishing mixture is formed in the fire-extinguishing bomb delivered to the required position due to the first explosion of the cumulative charges placed in the bomb, while the supersonic speed of the mixture is reported by the second explosion of the charges placed in the bomb with recesses.