RU2280562C2 - Wheeled propulsion unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; cross-country vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: proposed wheeled propulsion unit has movable parts engaging with external medium made in form of section of pneumatic tires with bending over perimeter of side strips and thickened beads of casings mounted on trough-like sections of rim curved to arc of circumference, with flanging made over perimeter of upper edges getting into curves of casings. Thickened beads of tire casings fit longitudinal recesses of plates pressing tire casings to rim sections, being hinge-connected by one end with disk of hub. Sections are connected by second end with deflecting mechanism to deflect all sections simultaneously through chosen angle opposite to direction of motion and rotation.

EFFECT: improved multipurposeness and cross-country capability of vehicles with possibility of movement over rough terrain and water.

9 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention - a wheeled mover relates to the field of automotive, shipbuilding and the structure of various transport equipment. In industry it can be used as pumps and fans regulated on productivity.

BACKGROUND

Currently used car wheels on paved roads have high efficiency, but in rough terrain they are not very effective, and in the aquatic environment they cannot work as a mover.

Attempts to increase cross-country ability were mainly aimed at creating wheels with an increased ground contact area, these are wheels with a sliding rim, with a change in tire pressure, with ground hooks. There are known technical solutions in which parts of the rim deviate alternately from the rim circumference in the opposite direction of wheel rotation, creating torque, such solutions include a wheel with pneumatic chambers of the Czechoslovak inventor and an active wheel of our inventors (see copyright certificate 441176/51, MKI B 60 In for 1974). The soil-hook wheel is the driving wheel of a snowmobile with swivel soil-hooks extending through the rim slots (see certificate of authorship 137408, 60 V 15/10 of 1959. A solution is known in which the wheel can work in rough terrain in walking variant (see copyright certificate No. 455776/51, MKI 60 V). In this device, the wheel rim is divided into parts that can be rotated 180 ° on its own axes, passing from the wheel to the walking one and vice versa. when the car moves on the road to forests and can float on the water with their wheels using another mover - English version.

From the history of the improvement of pneumatic tires, a solution is known - changes in tire pressure, it is known / that for reliability / the use of sectioned chambers see US patent No. 2288843 from 1942 according to KL.152-334, in which sections of the chambers are placed in cylinders of elastic rubber and mounted into a common tire mounted on a round rim.

For an analogue of the invention, a wheel mover is chosen for a conventional car wheel, see the book Design, the basics of theory and calculation of a car - Moscow. Engineering, 1978

As a prototype - an active wheel, copyright certificate No. 441176/51, MKI V 60 V, bulletin No. 32 dated 30-08-74. More precisely, for the prototype, you can take a forest resident - an elk that easily overcomes swamps and rivers. Particularly different is his work of the legs in marshy areas - the hind leg goes forward under the stomach, then a powerful stroke down and back. Approximately also work sections of the proposed propulsion.

Each of these structures has its own drawbacks, the most characteristic of them are the following:

1. Slipping, the wheel rotates without creating traction.

2. In front of the wheel on soft ground a shaft is formed from the ground, which impedes movement.

3. Cannot work at a stop.

4. They cannot overcome even small obstacles.

5. They cannot serve as a mover in the aquatic environment and, moreover, they cannot carry out rolling on the water surface.

The use of the proposed wheel propulsion / hereinafter abbreviated as propulsion / eliminates the above disadvantages, but has its own. The weight of the wheel increases due to the mechanism of deviation of the rim sections and, as a result, a price increase.

Significant differences of the wheel propulsion are the following characteristic features.

1. The rim of the mover is divided into separate independent sections.

2. Sections deviate from the circumference of the rim in the opposite direction of movement and rotation.

3. Sectioned tires are fixed to the rim section.

4. To fasten the tire to the section, a plate is used that is inserted inside the tire and presses the tire to the section with screws.

5. Sections are rejected and everything is added at the same time, the deviation angle can be added to decrease - to vary.

6. Overcome obstacles up to 2/3 of the diameter of the mover.

7. The more the mover is pressed into the soil, the stronger its interaction with the soil, the greater the developed thrust.

8. The section deflection mechanism is selected depending on the power equipment installed on this machine.

9. Can be used in industry as pumps and fans.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of this invention - a wheeled mover - was to create such a mover, which, in no way inferior to the existing automobile wheels, could provide movement over rough terrain in the aquatic environment and carry out rolling on the water surface.

The mover can be successfully used not only on cars, but also on other vehicles: boats, dinghies, boats, in industry as pumps, fans with adjustable performance at a constant speed of the drive motor.

The proposed propulsion device consists of movable sections of the rim pivotally connected at one end to the disk or the spokes of the hub / depending on the design of the hub /, the second end of the section is connected to rods or other elements of the deflection mechanism / depending on the selected mechanism /.

Rim sections are equipped with pneumatic tires, which are mounted on the sections due to flanging of the sections and the plate inserted into the tire, and with screws that press the tire to the section.

For pumps and fans, tires are naturally not needed.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that when driving on roads, the mover works like a regular wheel, see figure 1. For movement over rough terrain, the mover is translated into a walking version, while the rim sections simultaneously deviate counter-rotation and movement to the required angle, depending on the terrain conditions, Fig.6, 7. In this case, the rim sections move with walking elements - the more the angle of deviation of the sections, the more pronounced is the walking element.

The interaction of the sections as a whole of the mover with the external environment changes. Sections move - step on the ground from top to bottom, pushing the soil backward, receiving a reaction to the mover up and down, this makes it possible to move along the surface, Figs. 7, 8, 9, and with the corresponding power, speed and weight, rolling on the water surface is possible.

When entering solid ground or out of the water, the rim sections are folded under the action of a mechanism and the propulsion device works like a regular wheel.

INFORMATION CONFIRMING THE POSSIBILITY OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION.

The proposed propulsion device contains sections of the rim 1, 1, 2, pneumatic tires 2, the hub 3, the deflection mechanism 4.

Sections of the rim 1, Fig.1, 2, are made of durable trough-shaped material, curved in an arc of a circle of the selected diameter of the propulsor. The upper edges of the sections have a flange 5, figure 2, and on the bottom of the trough made two rows of holes 6, figure 1. In the folded position, the sections rest on the disk 7, Fig. 1, or the spokes of the hub / depending on the design of the hub /. Each section has an eyelet 8, Fig. 1, for connecting with rods 9, Fig. 1, a deflection mechanism, an eye 10, Fig. 1, is made at the other end of the section for swiveling with the hub disk 7 or knitting needles.

Pneumatic tire 2, figure 2, consists of a tire 12, a chamber 13, a plate 14, figure 2, 3, with threaded holes 15, figure 3, gaskets 16, figure 2, screws 17, figure 2. The tire and the camera follow the shape of the section. On the side of the tire adjacent to the rim section, a longitudinal section is made 18, Fig. 2, and two rows of holes for screws 17, bend 19, thickening 20.

When assembling the plate 14, the gasket 16, the camera 13 through a longitudinal section 18 are placed in the tire 12, the tire in section 1. In the plate 14, figure 3, there is a longitudinal recess 11, which during installation includes thickenings 20 of the tire 12, and the bends 19 tires go beyond flanging 5 of section 1.

Using screws 17 passing through the holes of the section in the tire, screwed into the plate 14, each tire is pressed against its section of the rim and is reliably held under any load.

Hub 3, Fig. 1, the hub designs for each type of machine have already been developed and there is a wide variety of them, it is not advisable to offer one for everyone, it also applies to the deflection mechanism of the rim sections.

In this case, the design of the hub and the deflection mechanism, as an object of the invention, are not considered. It is proposed to use the installed on this machine with some external additions associated with the choice of deviation mechanism.

Example 1. On the cylindrical part of the hub on the outer surface, two slots 23 are made, FIG. 4, where there is no hub, the slots are made on the driving axis 22, then the same for the axis and the hub. A sleeve 21 is mounted on the hub, Fig. 4, having two longitudinal grooves 24 and two screw grooves 25, an annular groove 26, on which a coupling 27 is mounted, consisting of two hemispheres and a cylinder 28, fastened with screws.

On the sleeve 21 is mounted a rotary ring 29 with ears 30 for connection with rods 9, Fig.1. For connection with the sleeve 21, the ring 29 has two internal protrusions 31, Fig.4. In assembled form, the sleeve 21 can perform translational motion along the hub from the forces exerted on the coupling 27, Fig. 4, it is desirable to transmit the forces through the bearing. When the sleeve 21 moves, the rotary ring 29 rotates due to the screw grooves 25 of the sleeve 21 and its protrusions 31, thereby deflecting and folding the rim sections.

Example 2. If the vehicle does not have a hub and various drives other than the main one, then the transmission of forces is possible from the drive axle. To do this, a thread is cut on the axis 22 and in the cylinder 28, applying a brake to the coupling 27 when the axis rotates, the coupling / cylinder / will be screwed on and pull the sleeve 21. When the rotation is reversed, the sleeve 21 will move back, which allows you to deflect and fold the sections.

Example 3. The rotary ring is connected to a hydraulic or electric drive and the rotary ring is deployed, thereby deflecting the rim sections.

Example 4. For heavy machines - tractors, etc., it is possible to use a disk with an Archimedes spiral, the corresponding notch on the rods, then when braking the disk and rotating the axis of the rod, they will be pulled out, retracted during reverse rotation.

Example 5. For light and waterfowl, it is more expedient to use corrugated chambers inserted into the interdisk space / referring to hub disks connected with sections /. When air is supplied to the chambers, they will deflect sections and create additional buoyancy.

WORK OF WHEEL ENGINE.

It consists in ensuring the movement of the vehicle in difficult conditions. When driving on paved roads, the rim sections are folded and the mover works like a regular wheel. For cross-country movement of the rim section under the influence of the deflection mechanism, at the same time, all deviate in the opposite direction to movement and rotation.

In this case, the mover has a walking element, the greater the angle of deviation of the sections, the more pronounced the walking element is, 6, 7, 8, 9. The whole nature of the interaction of the mover with the soil / environment / changes, the mover does not just roll, but comes in sections from top to bottom, swinging back, getting an up and down reaction. There are forces that push the propulsion up and down. When navigating in water, the machine must have preliminary buoyancy and should not be submerged in water no more than 2/3 of the diameter of the wheel, see Fig. 8. When the second weight of the discharged water exceeds the weight of the machine, it will come to the surface and will be rolling on the water surface. When entering hard ground, the rim sections are folded and the mover works like a regular wheel.

LIST OF FIGURES OF DRAWINGS.

Figure 1 shows the mover in a wheeled version.

Figure 2 shows a pneumatic tire.

Figure 3 shows the plate mounting the tire on the section.

Figure 4 shows the elements of the deflection mechanism.

Figure 5 shows the mover in a wheeled version.

Figure 6 shows a mover with rejected sections at a small angle.

In Fig.7 shows a mover with rejected sections at a large angle.

On Fig depicts a propulsion device in an aqueous medium.

Figure 9 shows the mover on rough terrain.

Claims (1)

Wheel mover, characterized in that it has movable parts interacting with the external environment, which are sections of pneumatic tires with bends around the perimeter of the sidewalls and thickenings of the sides of the tires mounted on the trough-shaped sections of the rim curved along an arc of the circumference with a flange along the perimeter of the upper edges in the bends of the tires, and the thickened sides of the tires enter the longitudinal recesses of the plates, pressing the tires to the sections of the rim articulated at one end with the hub disk, section th end connected to the deflection mechanism to deflect all sections simultaneously to a selected angle opposite the direction of movement and rotation.

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